1、专业八级-233 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/B In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling
2、task after the mini lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. B Canadas Education System/B The Canadian government provides U(1) /U public ed
3、ucation for all students from Kindergarten to Grade 12. The school year for college students starts in U(2) /U and ends in May. The Canadian education system aims to be U(3) /U. Honesty and U(4) /U are highly valued in Canadian education, and offenders face very serious consequences. From Kindergart
4、en to Grade 6, students follow the same basic U(5) /U. In high school, about 40 percent of the curriculum are U(6) /U. After completing high school, many students will continue their U(7) /U “education“. Students are admitted to college or university based on their high school U(8) /U. In Canada, co
5、lleges are very different from universities. At college, students take U(9) /U courses, and they learn very practical skills. At university, students learn U(10) /U knowledge and new ways of thinking.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1
6、分数：5.00)(1).Who is not qualified to use the library?（分数：1.00）A.post-graduate studentsB.senior university studentsC.professionalsD.teachers of history(2).Which of the following things is NOT included in the process of application for membership?（分数：1.00）A.Fill in an application form.B.Get the applic
7、ation form stamped at ones work unit.C.Pay a deposit.D.Pay library fee.(3).The total library fee for a foreign student in his three-year post-graduate program is _.（分数：1.00）A.150 yuanB.50 yuanC.30 yuanD.10 yuan(4).The utmost number of books one can borrow at a time is _.（分数：1.00）A.sixB.fiveC.fourD.t
8、hree(5).The video one borrowed must be returned _.（分数：1.00）A.within a monthB.within two weeksC.within one weekD.within five days三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：4，分数：5.00)1.I Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to
9、the news./IWhen did Bolivian president Carlos present his resignation to Parliament last time?（分数：1.00）A.in FebruaryB.in MarchC.in AprilD.in May2.I Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IIs
10、rael does not want to release the Palestinians _.（分数：1.00）A.who had attacked against Israeli citizensB.who are in good healthC.who lived along the Gaza StripD.who have served the majority of their sentences3.According to the report, the sound sources that need to be restrained do NOT include _.（分数：1
11、00）A.underwater explosionsB.oil and gas explorationC.whistling of shipsD.sonar navigationI Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Where did the London people crowd wai
12、ting for the announcement?（分数：1.00）A.Hyde ParkB.Downing StreetC.Times SquareD.Trafalgar Square(2).Where will the Group of Fight summit be held?（分数：1.00）A.EnglandB.IrelandC.ScotlandD.France四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BEducators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among
13、 the doctors of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph.D.s. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was published. I
14、t was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.The dropouts rate was found to be 31 percent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph.D. requirement, went on to produ
15、ctive work. They are not only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated “because of the concern frequently expressed by graduate
16、 faculties and administrators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph.D. programs were capable of completing the requirement for the degree. Attrition at the Ph.D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capaci
17、ty. Some people expressed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complete the Ph.D.“The results of our research“ Dr. Tucker concluded, “did not support these opinions.“ Lack of moti
18、vation was the principal reason for dropping out. Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialties. Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation.Nearly 75 percent of the dropouts said there
19、 was no academic reason for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph.D. pro
20、gram, lack of finances was marked by 19 percent.As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving 20,000 and more annually while none of the Ph.D. s with that background reached this figure. The Ph.D. s shone in the 7,500 to 15,000 bracket with 78%
21、at that level against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph.D.s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields.As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. Th
22、e main condition which would have to prevail for at least 25% of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job.（分数：4.00）(1).The author states that many educators feel that _.
23、分数：1.00）A.steps should be taken to get the dropouts back to campusB.the dropouts should return to a lower quality school to continue their studyC.the Ph.D. holder is generally a better adjusted person than the dropoutD.the high dropouts rate is largely attributable to the lack of stimulation on the
24、 part of faculty members(2).Research has shown that _.（分数：1.00）A.dropouts are substantially below Ph.D. s in financial attainmentB.the incentive factor is a minor one in regard to pursuing Ph.D. studiesC.the Ph.Dcandidate is likely to change his field of specialization if he drops outD.about one-thi
25、rd of those who start Ph.Dwork do not complete the work to earn the degree(3).Meeting foreign language requirements for the Ph.D. _.（分数：1.00）A.is the most frequent reason for dropping outB.is more difficult for the science candidate than for the humanities candidateC.is an essential part of many Ph.
26、D. programsD.does not vary in difficulty among universities(4).After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that _.（分数：1.00）A.optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph.D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degreeB.a Ph.D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to le
27、arn the degreeC.colleges and universities employ a substantial number of Ph.D. dropouts D. Ph.D.s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positionsBTEXT B/BAlthough the top men in smuggling business must work together, most of a syndicates small fry, especially the mules, know only their im
28、mediate contacts. If caught, there is little they can give away. A mule probably will not even know the name of the person, who gives him his instructions, nor how to get in touch with him. Usually he even does not know the person to whom he has to make delivery. He will be told just to sit tight in
29、 a certain hotel or bar until someone contacts him. In this way if he is blown, coming through airport customs, he cannot unwittingly lead agents to the next link in the chain. All the persons at the receiving end do is to hang around the airport among the waiting crowd, and see that the mule comes
30、through safely. If he does not, he is dimply written off as a loss. To make identification of mules easier, several syndicates have devised their own “club ties“ so that a mule wearing one can immediately be picked out.Mules often receive careful training before embarking on their first journey. One
31、 Beirut organization, for example, uses a room with three airline seats in it. There the trainee mules sit for hours on end wearing weighted smuggling vests beneath their clothes, so that they become accustomed to standing up after a long flight in a natural way, and without revealing what they are
32、carrying. An outfit in Brussels maintained a comfortable apartment where the mules could relax and get a firm grip on themselves on the night before their first journey; they were helped to dress before setting out for the airport in the morning. More often than not a courier will not know precisely
33、 where he is going or what flight number is until he is actually handed his tickets at the airport. This prevents the careless boast in some bar or to a girl friend the night before.Mules occasionally run off with the goods to keep the profit themselves. As insurance against this, a syndicate often
34、sends a high-up on the same plane to keep a wary eye on couriers, particularly new ones. Even then things can go badly wrong. One international currency smuggler who was having trouble getting money out of Britain was offered help by a group of men who said they were in a position to “fix thing“for
35、a fee of course. Foolishly, the smuggler agreed to accept their help. When he got to Londons Heathrow Airport, he handed over to one of the men a black suitcase containing nearly 90,000 in cash, destined for Frankfurt. Just to keep an eye on things, the smuggler went along on the same plane. When th
36、ey landed at Frankfurt he was handed back his suitcase. He beat a straight path to the mens toilet, opened the case, and found only old clothes. The courier had switched suitcase en route, but the smuggler could hardly run to the police and complain that “the man who was smuggling money out of Engla
37、nd for me has stolen it.“（分数：4.00）(1).What is a “mule“?（分数：1.00）A.A person who sends smuggling goods for a syndicate is called mule.B.A person in charge of smuggling goods is called mule.C.A person who makes delivery for a syndicate is called mule.D.A person who receives instructions from a smuggler
38、 is called mule.(2).The sentence “if he is blown“ in Para. 1 is closest in meaning to “_“.（分数：1.00）A.if he is arrestedB.if he is recognized, but not necessarily arrestedC.if he is recognized and arrestedD.if he runs away(3).Why does the author give an example in the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.To show
39、 how a smuggler is caught.B.To show a smuggler is afraid of the police.C.To show to keep a wary eye on couriers is useless.D.To show mules may keep the profit for themselves.(4).How does a mule work?（分数：1.00）A.Jointly.B.Independently.C.Consciously.D.Separately.BTEXT C/BPop stars today enjoy a style
40、of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty. Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces, private helic
41、opters or executive aeroplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privileges of Royal
42、ty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public. They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property. The financial rewards they receiv
43、e for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomical.And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale. By todays standards
44、 the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the title “Top of the Pops“ is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossal.It is only right that the stars should
45、be paid in this way. Dont the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currencyoften more than largo industrial concernsand the taxman can only be grateful fro their massive annual contributio
46、ns to the exchequer. So who would begrudge them their rewards?Its all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about the successes and rewards of others. People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. For every famous star, there
47、 are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn. But a man who attempts to beco
48、me a star is taking enormous risks. He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top. He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure. But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the recompense for the huge risks involved and if he achieves them, he has certainly earned them. Thats the essence of private enterprise.（分数：4.00）(1).The first sentence “Pop stars today enjoy a style of liv
