1、专业八级-4 及答案解析(总分：99.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the lecture, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-
2、filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the mini-lecture. Use the blank paper fornote-taking.Now listen to the mini-lecture.BHow to Read Effectively/BMany students tend to read books without any purpose. They often read a bookslowly and in great detail with the result that they frequently have no (1)
3、 (1) _view of what they are reading.B. To read effectively, students are suggested to do the following:/B1) To decide precisely on the (2)_for reading a book. (2) _2) To decide what they arc going to read:a. The (3)_page should be read first. (3) _b. The chapter headings are useful in indicating wh
4、at should be read.c. The Index can help to (4)_the pages related to some information. (4) _3) To read the opening and final paragraphs so that they could know whata book is mainly about.4) To ask themselves what is the main part of their reading and then try toanswer the question by malting notes, w
5、hich can help them to concentrate onthe reading and provide a(n) (5)_which can be re-read later. (5) _5) To increase reading speed without loss of (6)_. (6) _B. Three main kinds of silent reading speed:/B1) the slowest: study speed for a higher level of understanding;2) the average speed for easier
6、textbooks, novels, etc.;3) the fastest: (7)_used to get a general idea of a book or an article. (7) _B. The results of a survey of students reading speed conducted by Edward Fry:/BA good reader achieves (8)_comprehension when he skims at over 800 words (8) _a minute, 70% comprehension at 250500 word
7、s a minute, and 80%90%comprehension at 200300 words a minute.The average speed of a poor reader is (9)_words a minute with a (9) _comprehension (10)_of 70%. (10) _（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section
8、 you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.Questions I to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of th
9、e following questions.Now listen to the interview,（分数：5.00）(1).Pauline failed to catch the flight because_.（分数：1.00）A.her ticket was not confirmedB.she booked her ticket at the wrong placeC.she didnt have the right documentsD.her visa had run out(2).Which of the following did NOT occur?（分数：1.00）A.Pa
10、uline visited one of Londons parks.B.Pauline went to the airport by taxi.C.Pauline contacted the airline by telephone.D.Pauline stayed the night in London.(3).In Ibiza, Pauline took a taxi because_.（分数：1.00）A.she had too much luggageB.nobody came to pick her upC.the plane was delayedD.her friends ho
11、me was far away(4).Pauline learned her friends address in_.（分数：1.00）A.NewcastleB.GatwickC.LondonD.Luton(5).From the conversation we get the impression that_.（分数：1.00）A.some official agencies in London are efficientB.taxi drivers abroad always overcharge strangersC.customs formalities in Britain are
12、flexibleD.travel agents tend to misinform people三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：4.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news
13、 item. At the end of the news item, you will be given I0 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The shootings unfolded in the morning over 2 hours in _.（分数：0.40）A.1 locationB.2 separate locationsC.3 separate locationsD.4 separate locations(2).According to the news, when
14、did America s first encounter with a campus massacre occur?（分数：0.40）A.In 1956.B.In 1966.C.In 1999.D.In2006._Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Why are 14 teams
15、of experts from the Federal Emergency Management Agency evaluating the damage?（分数：1.00）A.To find out the lost people and animals.B.To criticize the authority s poor response.C.To assess the federal assistance needed.D.To make clear the investment in agriculture.(2).Hurricane Katrina m August of 2005
16、 killed more than 1,800 people_.（分数：1.00）A.in GeorgiaB.in New YorkC.along the NileD.along the Gulf Coast四、BPART READING (总题数：9，分数：20.00)In this section there are several reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple, choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers
17、on your coloured answer sheet.BTEXT A/BA Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an American, Lewis Terman, a psychology professor at Stanford, who thought to divide a test takers “mental age“, as revealed by that scor
18、e, by his or her chronological age to derive a number that he called the “intelligence quotient“, or IQ. It would be hard to think of a pop-scientific coinage that has had a greater impact of the way people think about themselves and others.No country embraced the IQand the application of IQ testing
19、 to restructure societymote thoroughly than the U.S. Every year millions of Americans have their IQ measured, many with a direct descendant of Binets original test, the Stanford-Binet, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying public schoo
20、l students who needed extra help in learning; and that is still one of its leading uses.But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelligencepart science, part sociologythat developed in the late 19th century, before Bintes work and entirely separate from
21、 it, Championed first by Charles Darwin s cousin Francis Galton, it held that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, and that if people who had a lot of it could be identified and put in leadership positions, all of Society would benefit.Terman believed IQ tests should be used to conduc
22、t a great s6rting out of the population, so that young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the school system, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The beginning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics mo
23、vementhugely popular in America and Europe among the “better sort“ before Hitler gave it a bad namewhich held that intelligence was mostly inherited and that people-deficient in it should be discouraged from reproducing. The state sterilization that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes notoriously endorsed
24、 in a 1927.Supreme Court decision was done with an IQ score as justification.The American IQ promoters scored a great coup during World War I when they persuaded the Army to give IQ tests to 1.7 million inductees. It was the worlds first mass administration of an intelligence test, and many of the s
25、tandardized tests in use today can be traced back to it: the now ubiquitous and obsessed-over SAT(Stud), Ability Test); the Wechsler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and Termans own National Intelligence Test, originally used in tracking elementary school children
26、 All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension).（分数：4.00）(1).According to Termons theory, a twelve-year-old boys mental age is 10, then his IQ number is about_.（分数：1.00）A.0
27、8B.0.9C.1.0D.1,2(2).IQ test is origin ally used to_.（分数：1.00）A.find out the students who need extra help in learningB.assign young people to different majorsC.select the acceptable recruits for armyD.select the leaders for society(3).The viewpoint that intelligence was mostly inherited and people d
28、eficient in intelligence should be discouraged from reproducing was held by_.（分数：1.00）A.IQ-testing movementB.Eugenic movementC.HitlerD.both IQ-testing and Eugenic movements(4).What does the author probably mean by “scored a great coup“ (Para. 5)?（分数：1.00）A.Failed.B.Succeeded.C.Criticized.D.Advocated
29、1.BTEXT B/BSo far, inflation is roaring in only a few sectors of the economy. While platinum has soared 121 percent, soybeans have risen 115 percent, and an index of Real Estate Investment Trusts has climbed 42 percent since May 2001, the consumer price index (CPI) has gone up only 4.2 percent duri
30、ng the same period. The challenge is figuring out what happens next.Astute investors are asking two questions: 1) Will the dollar continue to decline? 2) Which assets will continue to inflate?The value of the dollar matters because much of what Americans buy comes from abroad. And in the past two ye
31、ars, the dollar has been slipping badly: down some 25 percent against a basket of foreign currencies, including the euro and the yen. That makes imported goods more expensive. If the dollar falls further, the rise in prices could boost inflation.And thats exactly what some analysts predict. “This is
32、 not a run-of-the-mill problem where the currency corrects 25 percent“ then stabilizes, says David Tice, Dallas-based manager of the Prudent Global Income Fund. “We have an economy thats very dependent upon ever-increasing amounts of debt. Look at borrowing in this country for automobiles and housin
33、g. At the federal level, we are creating credit as if it is going out of style. Given that, we think the dollar can decline substantially more from here.“Thats why Mr. Tices income fund has invested in government bonds in countries that are major trading partners of the US. These bonds tend to incre
34、ase in value as the dollar weakens.There are other ways for investors to protect themselves from inflation. For example: TIPS (Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities) are US government bonds that increase both principal and interest payments in line with the CPI/U, which measures prices for urban d
35、wellers. Thus, if the price of consumer goods goes up, TIPS owners get a boost in their rate of return. Thats a level of inflation protection that most bonds and money-market funds dont provide.Still, there are no guarantees. If real interest rates rise faster than inflation, TIPS can lose value if
36、theyre not held to maturity. “TIPS have generally been less volatile than traditional bonds,“ but investors have already seen periods when their inflation-protection doesnt match the actual rise in prices, warns Duane Cabrera, head of the personal financial planning group at Vanguard, based in Valle
37、y Forge, Pa. For example, the year-over-year change in the CPI/U is running about 1.9 percent, be points out, but college costs have been rising about 5 percent annually.Investors should also discuss the tax consequences with their investment advisers, Mr. Cabrera notes.On the stock front, investors
38、 can also turn to natural-resource stocks or mutual funds that invest in them. A slightly more exotic option: exchange-traded funds, which act like mutual funds but trade like stocks.Commodities offer another avenue for profit during inflationary times. Individual investors probably want to avoid co
39、mmodity trading, often a wild and woolly experience. But certain mutual funds offer share holders a chance to profit when commodity prices go up. The PIMCO Commodity Real Return Fund, for example, provides exposure to the performance of the Dow-Jones AIG Commodity Index while generating income from
40、TIPS. Another option: the Oppenheimer Real Asset Fund, which is actively managed and tracks the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index.Theres no clear winner between these stock funds and the commodities their companies have invested in. When commodity prices are falling, natural-resource firms can protect t
41、hemselves by hedging their risks, says Kevin Baum, portfolio manager of the Oppenheimer Real Asset Fund. On the other band, hedging may keep them from benefiting when commodity prices rise. And the stocks can be more volatile than the commodities themselves. Gold funds typically are three times more
42、 volatile than the price of gold itself.Sometimes, the commodities and funds tied to those commodities move in opposite directions, Mr. Baum says.PIMCOs Mr. Harris is quick to note that many commodity prices have been soaring. So the key question is: Which ones will continue to rise in price? Indivi
43、dual investors should maintain strict discipline when they pick commodities funds, he says;_BTEXT B/BSo far, inflation is roaring in only a few sectors of the economy. While platinum has soared 121 percent, soybeans have risen 115 percent, and an index of Real Estate Investment Trusts has climbed 42
44、 percent since May 2001, the consumer price index (CPI) has gone up only 4.2 percent during the same period. The challenge is figuring out what happens next.Astute investors are asking two questions: 1) Will the dollar continue to decline? 2) Which assets will continue to inflate?The value of the do
45、llar matters because much of what Americans buy comes from abroad. And in the past two years, the dollar has been slipping badly: down some 25 percent against a basket of foreign currencies, including the euro and the yen. That makes imported goods more expensive. If the dollar falls further, the ri
46、se in prices could boost inflation.And thats exactly what some analysts predict. “This is not a run-of-the-mill problem where the currency corrects 25 percent“ then stabilizes, says David Tice, Dallas-based manager of the Prudent Global Income Fund. “We have an economy thats very dependent upon ever
47、increasing amounts of debt. Look at borrowing in this country for automobiles and housing. At the federal level, we are creating credit as if it is going out of style. Given that, we think the dollar can decline substantially more from here.“Thats why Mr. Tices income fund has invested in government bonds in countries that are major trading partners of the US. These bonds tend to increase i
