1、中级-Processes+and+operations 及答案解析(总分：54.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Doino thinoslilist-(总题数：1，分数：5.00)1. （分数：5.00）_二、ExplainingBefore you(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Write down what you (总题数：8，分数：8.00)2.when you explain to someone you know fairly well how to switch a computer on? _（分数：1.00）_3.when you are showing someone y
2、ou know fairly well which button to press on a machine? _（分数：1.00）_4.when you want to check that the other person understands what youve just explained? _（分数：1.00）_5.if you want to add a further point to your explanation? _（分数：1.00）_6.when you want to ask a stranger to help you use a photocopier whi
3、ch you dont know how to use? _（分数：1.00）_7.when you want to ask a friend to show you how a machine works? _（分数：1.00）_8.if you need a further explanation? _（分数：1.00）_9.when you think youve understood what a friend has said but you want them to repeat it? _（分数：1.00）_（分数：4.00）(1)._（分数：1.00）_(2)._（分数：1.0
4、0）_(3)._（分数：1.00）_(4)._（分数：1.00）_五、In (总题数：1，分数：10.00)in accordance with in advance in bulk in charge of in confidencein consultation with in contact with in debt in progress in transit（分数：10.00）(1).Could you please remain _ the head office until the negotiations are completed?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).As
5、 long as the talks are _ the negotiating committee will say nothing to the press.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).We are forwarding all the items on the list _ your request.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Most companies only deliver such items _ , as it is cheaper in the long run.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).We have to request payme
6、nt _ for all orders under $100.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).We must ask you to take full responsibility for the goods, as long as they are _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Our local agent will then make a final decision _ the regional director.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).We must ask you to treat this information _ until the rep
7、ort is finally published.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(9).Ms Andreotti has been _ our Rome sales office since last year.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(10).Although the partners were _ , they succeeded in paying our bill.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_六、Anti-noise(总题数：0，分数：0.00)10.Listen to the interview and decide which of these statements
8、best describes how the technique which is discussed works. Anti-noise removes other noises. Anti-noise uses the technique of muffling. （分数：1.00）_11.The expert says that . a. the technology to make machines quieter has been available since the 1930s. b. the method for making machines quieter has only
9、 recently been developed. c. the technology for quietening machines has only now become commercially possible.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.12.According to the expert, American industry . a. is paying millions to compensate their customers for noise. b. passes on the costs of noise to their customers. c. does not
10、follow the regulations because they are too expensive.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.13.Current techniques used to dampen down noise and vibration . a. are thirty or forty years old. b. can result in the efficient performance of mufflers. c. cause noisy components to suffer.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.14.The expert claims that
11、the new systems can . a. deal with repetitive noise. b. eliminate noise completely. c. deal with one-off noise.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.15.The expert describes a new technique using a microphone and a microprocessor which . a. responds to particular types of noise. b. produces noise quieter than the car engin
12、e. c. causes the car engine to run more quietly.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.16.The expert refers to one area of application which . a. cannot minimize the noise of aircraft engines and helicopter vibrations. b. would be able to reduce noise in the cabin of an aircraft to more acceptable levels. c. has resulted i
13、n new aircraft engines that are noisier than earlier ones.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.17.According to the expert, people working in loud workplaces with anti-noise systems . a. are affected by the effects of noise. b. can work more efficiently in zones of quiet. c. can hear conversations from another part of the
14、 room.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.九、About time(总题数：1，分数：8.00)About timeFor the manager of the 1990s, time is apparently of the essence. Consumers, the argument runs, want to get their hands on the products - be they burgers or Buicks - faster than ever. The fashionable will buy from your firm only if you have th
15、e latest designs before your rivals. Better still, they will invariably pay more for the privilege of speed.The key is to look at the entire manufacturing operation and then restructure that, systematically.Traditionally, manufacturing is a carefully ordered affair: tasks usually have a sequence tha
16、t can be changed only in small ways. Most firms will have employed specialists to determine the best scheduling logic for manufacturing. But “prece- dence constraints“ (eg task A must be carried out before task B) can cause queues and bottlenecks in even the most logical manufacturing process. This
17、not only results in delay, it also introduces an unpredictable variability into a companys operations.There is a cheaper route. By breaking down tasks into ever smaller, faster bits, companies can increase their manufacturing flexi- bility. This, in turn, will tend to increase the number of tasks th
18、at can be performed in parallel rather than in sequence. For instance, several smaller machines can be used to perform one task, rather than a single large machine. Parallel tasks have no precedence constraints and can reduce bottlenecks. That helps speed a companys manufacturing process closer to t
19、he theoretical ideal - which reduces queues and bottle- necks elsewhere in the factory.Perhaps the single most effective answer to the problem is to invest in lots of excess capacity. It eliminates queuing and bottlenecks, sharply reducing unpredictable variations in the time needed to complete each
20、 part of the manufacturing process. As a consequence, production times tend to fall while manufacturing reliability (and hence the reliability of products) soars. It also introduces much greater flexibility into the factory - which helps companies respond more rapidly to customers whims.All told, ex
21、perts reckon that cutting production times by a quarter can reduce overall costs by about a fifth.If it sounds too costly and risky, concentrate on the margin. Benetton, an Italian clothes company, does just that, as does Nissan. For the core products bought by the bulk of their customers, a prompt
22、response to new trends is not a priority. But for their growing number of faddish, innovation-loving customers, these companies have developed fast- response marketing, manufacturing and distribution. Benetton has undyed stocks of clothes waiting to be coloured according to the latest trends. Nissan
23、 will quickly assemble from standardised components a limited run of vehicles for micro- niches in the market - including speciality versions of its snail-like S-Cargo delivery vans suitably tailored for customers such as bakeries, flower shops or boutiques.（分数：8.00）(1).Consumers will pay _ for good
24、s if they can get them _（分数：1.00）_(2).Manufacturing operations are broken into small _ which have to happen in a particular _（分数：1.00）_(3)._ or _ may occur which hold up the process.（分数：1.00）_(4).Manufacturers can become more _ if more tasks are performed in parallel.（分数：1.00）_(5).Several _ machines
25、 are better than one _ machine.（分数：1.00）_(6).If manufacturers _ in increased capacity, they can _ to customers requirements more quickly.（分数：1.00）_(7).Benetton can respond quickly to changes in _（分数：1.00）_(8).Nissan uses _ components to assemble limited _ of vehicles that only a few people want.（分数：
26、1.00）_十、Modal verbs(总题数：0，分数：0.00)18.The Swedish company will possibly buy our company. _（分数：1.00）_19.Its possible for the firm to build the car at this plant. The firm _（分数：1.00）_20.It is possible that is why the company closed down. That _（分数：1.00）_21.We are considering enlarging the present site.
27、 We _（分数：1.00）_22.The workforce is allowed to use this canteen. They _（分数：1.00）_23.It is very important to follow the instructions closely. YOU _（分数：1.00）_24.I think it is right for the company to pay more for overtime. They _（分数：1.00）_25.It is not necessary for the assembly line to stop for them to
28、 do the maintenance work. The assembly line _（分数：1.00）_26.Experience is essential for this job. YOU _（分数：1.00）_27.Were not able to help you this time. We _（分数：1.00）_28. （分数：1.00）_中级-Processes+and+operations 答案解析(总分：54.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Doino thinoslilist-(总题数：1，分数：5.00)1. （分数：5.00）_正确答案：(*)解析：二、Explai
29、ningBefore you(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Write down what you (总题数：8，分数：8.00)2.when you explain to someone you know fairly well how to switch a computer on? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Ok now first of all you switch it on by pressing this key)解析：3.when you are showing someone you know fairly well which button to press on
30、 a machine? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(All you have to do is press this button. OK?)解析：4.when you want to check that the other person understands what youve just explained? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Thats clear, is it?)解析：5.if you want to add a further point to your explanation? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Make sure you remember
31、 to.)解析：6.when you want to ask a stranger to help you use a photocopier which you dont know how to use? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(I wonder if I might trouble you for a moment?)解析：7.when you want to ask a friend to show you how a machine works? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Sorry to bother you, but.)解析：8.if you need a fur
32、ther explanation? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(How do you do that again?)解析：9.when you think youve understood what a friend has said but you want them to repeat it? _（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Im sorry, could you explain that part again?)解析：（分数：4.00）(1)._（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Using a personal computer)解析：(2)._（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Ma
33、king a paper aeroplane)解析：(3)._（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Starting a record player)解析：(4)._（分数：1.00）_正确答案：(Typing a report)解析：解析 Transcript 1 .First of all you have to put the plug in. And be careful not to forget to take the covers off. Now you first switch this on here and also you switch this on. Now I take
34、 one of these and push it into this slot. Like this. Is that clear? It only takes a few seconds to load. And then can select what Im going to be working on. Right, then I click this little thing on here. You see that arrow? And then the whole thing starts up. And now Im ready for serious work. When Ive finished whatever job Ive been doing, I have to take care to save it like this. Then I take this out and put it away and then 1 can use another one of these and re
