1、专业八级-313 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BIrish Riverdance/BRiverdance displays modern Irish culture while it is based on an old, influential culture with a love ofcomplicated stories and poetic styles and prevailing from the 6th century to the 9th century.BThe developm
2、ent of Riverdance/B1) With (1) _ starting in the 9th century this ever-influential culture (1) _declined and never recovered indeed. The traditional love of story and songexisted in a form the peasants liked and without a distinctive Irish style tillthe (2) _ beginning at the end of the 19th century
3、. (2) _2) The Irish love of music has succeeded in surviving the change from Irish,(3) _ to the language of the invader and has once more begun to blos (3) _ som and become influential outside the country.3) Irish music was reduced to being the language used in the countryside and(4) _ as people mov
4、ed to the cities, for young city people didnt like (4) _“peasant music“. However, this has begun to change and since the 1980 shas taken off. Many top singers in the world are Irish and quite a number ofpeople are working for the music industry in Ireland. Riverdance is an ex-pression of that (5) _
5、and that ability to understand the new. (5) _B Riverdance is also a kind of (6) _ interesting pop song./B (6) _ 1) It uses song and dance to tell the story of a people whose spirit the GreatFamine broke. As a result of this famine, two million people died or leftIreland by 1851 and (7) _ continued t
6、o decrease until 1961. (7) _2) People with ideas left for (8) _ The Irish in Ireland became hopeless (8) _and unconfident and much of its modem culture is about the sadness of thattime and the sorrow of saying goodbye to those who left. There is (9) _ (9) _for this saying goodbye-“American Wake“.3)
7、The leaving didnt cease until the 1970 s because Independence in 1921 wasfollowed by a civil war and an economic depression. Now it is common tosee along (10) _ from that time falling into ruin. (10) _（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：
8、1，分数：5.00)(1).What s Miss Patty Ching s problem?（分数：1.00）A.To be a keen photographer is too costly.B.She has to develop 10 rolls of films.C.All her films were vanished.D.After the trip, she was too fired to choose a good photo service.(2).According to Denis, if we want to get the consumer s right, w
9、e should _.（分数：1.00）A.spend more moneyB.complain to the managerC.fight for themD.wait for a sale(3).The Consumer of the Month is _.（分数：1.00）A.DenisB.WendyC.PattyD.Alvin(4).When the store had a sale, the belt which Mr. Alvin Lok liked priced at _.（分数：1.00）A.$100B.$150C.$200D.$300(5).Which of the foll
10、owing items is true?（分数：1.00）A.Miss Patty Ching s tour lasted 3 weeks.B.Top-class Photo services compensated Miss Ching because the judge ordered them to pay compensation.C.According to Weedy, the problem with sale prices is that the reductions may not be enough.D.Mr. Alvin Lok was surprised because
11、 at the sale the price of the belt had reduced by only fifty dollars.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).What did Yasukuni shrine claim?（分数：1.00）A.It claimed that the 40 Class-A war criminals were no longer war criminals in Japan.B.It claimed that the Far East Sentence was not just.C.The war criminals
12、should be no longer regarded as criminals.D.The government should not grant pensions to criminals.(2).Which statement was not true?（分数：1.00）A.Japan had revised related laws to grant pension to the family of these convicted war criminals.B.Some people at home and abroad called Yasukuni to establish n
13、ew memorial to separate war criminals from ordinary war dead.C.Koizumi took office in 2001.D.Yasukuni hadnt make response to the call of separating war criminals from ordinary dead.(3).What can you learn about Yasukuni from the news?（分数：1.00）A.Japan s Prime Minister pays annual visit to it.B.It is u
14、rging Japanese politicians to continual visits.C.Many Asian country strongly protest establish new memorial for the war dead.D.Koizumi is in favor of separating the war criminals from ordinary dead.I Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 1
15、0 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the news. /I（分数：2.00）(1).Which one is not true according to the content of the news?（分数：1.00）A.This was the first congressional visit to the prison.B.The lawmakers ate the same launch given to detainees.C.A Senata delegation was visi
16、ting next weekend.D.The prison was under criticism this spring.(2).The lawmakers feared _.（分数：1.00）A.Terrorists among the detainees could not be found outB.Interrogators in the prison would abused and tortured the detaineesC.The White House and Pentagon wouldnt improve the conditions thereD.The Unit
17、ed States image was hurt because of the prison四、BPART READING (总题数：3，分数：12.00)BTEXT A/BIt used to be said that English people take their pleasure sadly. No doubt this would still be true if they had any pleasure to take, but the price of alcohol and tobacco in my country has provided sufficient exte
18、rnal causes for melancholy. I have sometimes thought that the habit of taking pleasure sadly has crossed the Atlantic, and I have wondered what it is that makes so many English-speaking people somber in their outlook in spite of good health and a good income.In the course of my travels in the Americ
19、an I have been impressed by a kind of fundamental malaise which seems to me extremely common and which poses difficult problems for the social reformer. Most social reformers have held the opinion that, if poverty were abolished and there were no more economic insecurity, the millennium would have a
20、rrived. But when I look at the face of people in opulent cars, whether in your country or in mine, I do not see that look of radiant happiness which the aforesaid social reformers had led me to expect. In nine cases out of ten, I see instead a look of boredom and discontent and an almost frantic lon
21、ging for something that might tickle the jaded palate.But it is not only the very rich who suffer in this way. Professional men very frequently feel hopeless thwarted. There is something that they long to do or some public object that they long to work for. But if they were to indulge their wishes i
22、n these respects, they fear that they would lose their livelihood. Their wives are equally unsatisfied, for their neighbor, Mrs. So-and-So, has gone ahead more quickly, has a better car, a larger apartment and grander friends.Life for almost everybody is a long competitive struggle where very few ca
23、n win the race, and those who do not win are unhappy. On social occasions when it is de rigueur to seem cheerful, the necessary demeanor is stimulated by alcohol. But the gaiety does not ring true and anybody who has just one drink too many is apt to lapse into lachrymose melancholy.One finds this s
24、ort of thing only among English-speaking people. A Frenchman while he is abusing the Government is as gay as a lark. So is an Italian while he is telling you how his neighbor has swindled him. Mexicans, when they are not actually starving or actually being murdered, sing and dance and enjoy sun shin
25、e and food and drink with a gusto which is very rare north of the Mexican frontier. When Andrew Jackson conquered Pensacola from the Spaniards, it was Sunday. She pointed out the scandal to her husband, who decreed that cheerfulness must cease forthwith. And it did.When I try to understand what it i
26、s that prevents so many American from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other. The one that goes least deep is the necessity for subservience in some large organization. If you are an energetic man with strong views a
27、s to the right way of doing the job with which you are concerned, you find yourself invariable under the orders of some big man at the top who is elderly, weary and cynical. Whenever you have a bright idea, the boss puts a stopper on it. The more energetic you are and the more vision you have, the m
28、ore you will suffer from the impossibility of doing any of the things that you feel ought to be done. When you go home and moan to your wife, she tells you that you are a silly fellow and that if you became the proper sort of yes-man your income would soon be doubled. If you try divorce and remarria
29、ge it is very unlikely that there will be any change in this respect. And so you are condemned to gastric ulcers and premature old age.It was not always so. When Dr. Johnson complied his dictionary, he compiled it as he thought fit. When he felt like saying that oats is food for men in Scotland and
30、horses in England, he said so. When he defined a fishing-rod as a stick with a fish at one end and a fool at the other, there was nobody to point out to him that a remark of this sort would damage the sale of his great work among fishermen. But if, in the present day, you are (let us say) a contribu
31、tor to an encyclopedia, there is an editorial policy which is solemn, wise, and prudent, which allows no room for jokes, no place for personal preferences and no tolerance for idiosyncrasies. Everything has to be flattened out except where the prejudices of the editor are concerned. To these you mus
32、t conform, however, little you may share them. And so you have to be content with dollars instead of creative satisfaction. And the dollars, alas, leave you sad.This brings me to major cause of unhappiness, which is that most people in America act not on impulse but on some principle, and that princ
33、iples upon which people act are usually faxed upon a false psychology and a false ethic. There is a general theory as to what makes for happiness and this theory is false. Life is concerned as a competitive struggle in which felicity consists in getting ahead of your neighbor. The joys which are not
34、 competitive are forgotten.Now, I will not for a moment deny that getting ahead of your neighbor is delightful, but it is not the only delight of which human beings are capable. There are innumerable things which are not competitive. It is possible to enjoy food and drink without having to reflect t
35、hat you have a better cook and better wine merchant than your former friends whom you are learning to cold-shoulder. It is possible to be fond of your wife and your children without reflecting how much better she dressed than Mrs. So-and-So and how much better they are at athletic than the children
36、of that old stick-in-the-mud Mr. Such-and-Such. There are those who can enjoy music without thinking how cultured other ladies in their women s club will be thinking them. There are even people who can enjoy a fine day in spite of the fact that the sun shines on everybody. All these simple pleasures
37、 are destroyed as soon as competitiveness gets the upper hand.But it is not only competitiveness that is the trouble. I could imagine a person who has turned against competitiveness and can only enjoy after conscious rejection of the competitive element. Such a person, seeing the sunshine in the mor
38、ning, says to himself, “Yes, I may enjoy this and indeed I must, for it is a joy open to all.“ And however bored he may become with the sunshine he goes on persuading himself that he is enjoying it because he thinks he ought to.“But,“ you will ask, “are you maintaining that our actions ought to be g
39、overned by moral principles?“ “Are you suggesting that every whim and every impulse should be given free rein? Do you consider that if So-and-So s nose annoys you by being too long, that gives you a right to tweak it? “Sir,“ you will continue with indignation,“ your doctrine is one which would uproo
40、t all the sources of morality and loosen all the bonds which hold society together. Only self-restraint, self-repression, iron self-control make it possible to endure the abominable beings among whom we have to live, No, sir! Better misery and gastric ulcers than such chaos as your doctrine would pr
41、oduce.I will admit at once that there is force in this objection. I have seen many noses that I should have liked to tweak, but never once have I yielded to the impulse. But this, like everything else, is a matter of degree. If you always yield to impulse, you are mad. If you never yield to impulse,
42、 you gradually dry up and very likely become mad to boot. In a life which is to be healthy and happy, impulse, though mot allowed to run riot, must have sufficient scope to remain alive and to preserve that variety and diversity of interest which is natural to a human being. A life lived on a princi
43、ple, no matter what, is too narrowly determined, too systematic and uniform, to be happy. However much you care about success, you should have times when you are merely enjoying life without a thought of subsequence. However proud you may be, as president of a women s club, of your impeccable cultur
44、e, you should not be ashamed of reading a low-brow book if you want to. A life which is all principle is a life on rail. The rails may help toward rapid locomotion, but preclude the joy of wandering. Man spent some million years wandering before he invented rails, and his happiness still demands som
45、e reminiscence of the earlier ages of freedom. （分数：5.00）(1).In the writer s opinion, in England alcohol and tobacco may _.（分数：1.00）A.make people indulge in pleasuresB.lead to despondencyC.pose touchy problems for social reformersD.throw a heavy burden on the country s welfare program(2).What opinion
46、s do most social reformers hold?（分数：1.00）A.Once poverty were rooted out, people would really enjoy their lives.B.If economic security were obtained, one would grow fidgety and berserk.C.An ideal society is the one in which all the people were no longer afraid of poverty.D.Great happiness and human p
47、erfection could be arrived at if and only if people learned to be content.(4).What is the main cause of unhappiness for many Americans in the writer s view?（分数：1.00）A.Life is a long competitive struggle, very few lucky people can win the race and attain happiness.B.Lack of freedom and stimuli makes
48、people unsatisfied with life.C.People tend to act on dubious principles.D.People s obsession of getting ahead of their neighbors.BTEXT B/BWestern tattooists work with a special electrical instrument, something like a dentist s drill. It holds a number of very fine needles, which, for the purpose of reproducing the approved drawing, are dipped, in black ink. When the current is switched on, and the instrument passed rapidly over the outline, the action of the needles drives the ink into the skin. The t
