1、专业八级-354 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically semantically acceptable. You may refer to your n
2、otes while completing the task.Attending a College or University in the USAEach year, many foreign students wish to go to the colleges and universities in the USA to pursue their study. In order to realize their dreams, they should make careful preparations and know more about colleges and universit
3、ies there. The first stepvisit an American educational advising center more than 400 offices all over the world to log on to the Internet and find the (1) to go to the State Department Education Foreign Student Web page to get some information from the US embassy. Colleges and universities in the Un
4、ited Statesoffer different kinds of (2) some schools certificate programs one year of training in subjects like office work, (3) or car repair junior college or community collegean associate degree two-year programs such as the one that prepares students for skilled jobs in (4) colleges or universit
5、iesa bachelors degree four-year study in general subjects like English, history, mathematics, and science as well as (5) during the last two years graduate schoolsa master s degree two or three years of study in one subject for those who want to be (6) , medical doctor or lawyer, they should have th
6、ree and six years of additional study. The difference between colleges and universities college students four years a bachelors degree when completing study successfully no (7) no support for research projects study on (8) (training a persons mind) one area of study university students four years a
7、bachelors degree; a graduate degree several programs in many areas of study doing research. A way to get a degreestay at home and use a computer online classestwo advantages: dont have to travel; have (9) colleges that offer academic degrees online Jones International University: offers both bachelo
8、rs degrees and (10) The University of Phoenix Cardean University: offers a masters of Business Administration degree（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you wi
9、ll be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).Nicks first impression of Hong Kong was _.（分数：1.00）A.the amazing harborB.the fantastic foodC.the heatD.the tall building(2).Which is NOT true about the best thing in Hong Kong according to
10、 Nick?（分数：1.00）A.Wonderful food.B.Interesting people.C.Dumplings.D.Riding bicycles.(3).Nicks worst experience in Hong Kong was _ .（分数：1.00）A.being bitten by mosquitoes at nightB.being hit by a bicycleC.having to get up earlyD.having to ferry in the morning(4).What impressed him most about the people
11、 in Hong Kong, according to Nick?（分数：1.00）A.They are hardworking.B.They show strong respect for others.C.They have strong idea about losing face.D.They respect themselves more than others.(5).What did Nick do when he was in Hong Kong?（分数：1.00）A.An actor.B.A director.C.A shampoo salesman.D.A producer
12、.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Due to high oil prices, the global economic recovery _.（分数：1.00）A.had been speeding upB.had been balanc
13、edC.had been unevenD.had been destroyed(2).Action must be taken to address high oil prices particularly in _.（分数：1.00）A.rich countries using lots of oilB.African countriesC.Asian countriesD.poor countries using lots of oilQuestions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item
14、, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What did the government intend to do in the beginning?（分数：1.00）A.To greatly restrict public smoking.B.To ban smoking in all public places.C.To supervise smoking in some bars.D.To ban public smoking in Englan(
15、2).The staff who work in public places would favor the ban because _.（分数：1.00）A.they dont have to inhale foul airB.they dont have to serve smokersC.they will get more tip from non-smokersD.there will be a rise on their salaries1.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item
16、, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.UN began sanctions against Afghanistan because _.（分数：1.00）A.the Taliban is a terrorist organizationB.the Taliban attacked the UN officesC.the Taliban held demonstrations against UND.the Taliban refused to hand over a terro
17、rist五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Marriage may be about love, but divorce is a business. For global couplesborn in different countries, married in a third, now working somewhere else and with children, pensions and other assets sprinkled over the worlda contested divorce
18、is bliss for lawyers and a nightmare for others.Divorce laws vary wildly, from countries (such as Malta) that still forbid it to Islamic states wherefor the husband, at leastit may be obtained in minutes. Rules on the division of property and future financial obligations vary hugely, too. France exp
19、ects the poorer party, usually the wife, to start fending for herself almost immediately; England and some American states insist on lifelong support. Some systems look only at the “acquest“; others count the lot. A few, like Austria, still link cash to blame. Japan offers a temptingly quick cheap b
20、reak, butfor foreignerslittle or no enforceable contact with the kids thereafter, notes Jeremy Morley, a New York-based “international divorce strategist“. Other places may be mum-friendly when it comes to money but dad-friendly on child custody.The European Union is trying to tidy up its divorce la
21、ws. A reform in 2001 called Brussels tried to stop forum shopping, in which each party sought the most favorable jurisdiction, by ruling that the first court to be approached decides the divorce. That workedbut at the cost of encouraging trigger-happy spouses to kill troubled marriages quickly, rath
22、er than trying to patch them up. This, says David Hodson, a specialist in international divorce law, favors the “wealthier, more aggressive, more unscrupulous party“. It goes against the general trend towards counseling, mediation and out- of-court settlement.An EU measure called Rome , now under ne
23、gotiation and penciled in to come into force in 2008, tries to ensure that the marriage is ended by the law that has governed it most closely. It may be easy for a Dutch court to apply Belgian law when dealing with the uncontested divorce of a Belgian couple, but less so for a Spanish court to apply
24、 Polish rules, let alone Iranian or Indonesian, and especially not when the divorce is contested.Such snags make Rome “laughably idiotic-a recipe for increasing costs“, according to John Cornwell, a London lawyer. Britain and Ireland Say they will opt out. That, says Mr. Hodson, will give a further
25、edge to London. Since a judgment in 2000 entrenched the principle of “equality“ in division of marital assets, England, home to hundreds of thousands of expatriates, has become a “Mecca for wives“, says Louise Spitz of Manches, a London law firm. David Truex, who runs a specialist international divo
26、rce outfit, reckons that at least a fifth of divorce cases registered in Londons higher courts now have an international element.For the typical global couple, such high-profile, big-money cases matter less than the three basic (and deeply unromantic factors) in marriage planning. According to Mr. T
27、ruex, a rich man should choose his bride from a country with a stingy divorce law, such as Sweden or France, and marry her there. Second, he should draw up a pre-nuptial agreement. These are binding in many countries and have begun to count even in England. Third, once divorce looms, a wife may want
28、 to move to England or America (but should avoid no-alimony states such as Florida); for husbands, staying in continental Europe is wise.Outside Europe, the countryor American Statedeemed the most “appropriate“ in terms of the couples family and business connections will normally get to hear the cas
29、e. But here too unilateral action may be decisive. When Earl Spencer, brother of Princess Diana, divorced his first wife, he surprised her by issuing proceedings in South Africa where they were then living. In England, where they had been domiciled, she might have got better deal. She ended up suing
30、 her lawyers.The lesson for couples? How you live may determine the length and happiness of your marriage. Where you live is likely to determine how it ends,（分数：5.00）(1).Usually when divorcing, laws of which country might be most favorable to the wife financially?（分数：1.00）A.Malta.B.England.C.France.
31、D.Austri(2).The word “acquest“ in Paragraph 2 probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.property prior to the marriageB.property before and after the marriageC.assets after the divorceD.assets built during the marriage(3).All of the following are the outcomes of Brussels EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.hasty divorceB.fairnes
32、s in some aspectC.reconciliationD.partiality in some aspect(4).Rome is questioned by some people because _.（分数：1.00）A.it is not applicableB.it costs a huge sum of moneyC.some countries are opposed to itD.it is ridiculous(5).The text intends to tell us that _.（分数：1.00）A.English divorce laws are favor
33、able to the wives of troubled couplesB.rich people with wobbly marriages need think about where they liveC.international marriages are not as stable as local marriagesD.the reform of divorce laws in Europe is questioned七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)For most of the past three years, the highly pathogenic bi
34、rd flu known as HSNI has been found mainly in Asia. Suddenly it has arrived in many countries in Europe, triggering widespread alarm. The detection of the virus in wild birds across Europe is certainly a cause for concern, particularly to Europes poultry farmers, who are rightfully worried that the
35、presence of the virus in wild birds will increase the risk to their flocks. However, in the midst of a European debate about the benefits of vaccinating chickens and whether or not poultry should be brought indoors, there is a danger that far more significant events elsewhere will be overlooked.In p
36、articular, most attention should be focused on the fact that bird flu is now widespread in the poultry flocks of two nations in AfricaEgypt and Nigeriaand in India. And on the fact that, in Nigeria, the disease is continuing to spread despite great efforts undertaken by the government. An outbreak i
37、n Afghanistan also appears to be inevitable.Arguably, these matter much more than the arrival of the disease in Europe. Poor countries with large rural populations are in a far weaker position to handle, and stamp out, outbreaks of bird flu in poultry, through both culling and the prevention of the
38、movement of animals in the surrounding areas. In Africa and India, chickens and ducks are far more likely to be found roaming in peoples backyards, where they can mingle with humans, other domestic animals and wildlife, thus spreading the disease. In Europe, by contrast, most poultry are kept in reg
39、ulated commercial farms.The opening up of a new African front for the bird-flu virus is a problem because eradication there will be tremendously difficult. There is a high risk that the disease will spread to other countries on the continent and it could easily become endemicas it has in Asia. This
40、offers the virus huge new scope to mutate and become a disease that can pass between humans. The virus is certainly mutatinggenetic changes have already affected its biological behavior, although apparently not yet its transmission between humans. Experts are unsure as to how much, and what kind, of
41、 genetic changes would be required for the virus to become a global health threat. Nor do they know how long this process might take.But to dwell on the increased risk of a pandemic of influenza is to miss a serious point about the direct risks posed by the loss of a large numbers of chickens and du
42、cks across Africa. For some time, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization has been warning that if avian flu gets out of control in Africa, it will have a devastating impact on the livelihoods of millions of people. Poultry is a vital source of protein. For example, it provides almost 5
43、0% of the protein in the diet of Egyptians. The spread of a disease that is highly lethal to poultry, and requires culling, could have a dire nutritional impact, there as elsewhere. Africa would also have to contend with huge economic losses. People who scratch out a living in poor African nations s
44、imply cannot afford to lose their chickens. Most of the worlds poor live in rural areas and depend on agriculture. In Africa, rather, a lot of these poor people depend heavily on their poultry. It is easy to see why some believe that bird flu could turn out to be primarily a developmentrather than j
45、ust a health-issue for the whole African continent.What can be done? It is clear that the movement and trade of poultry is making a big contribution to the spread of the virus. That trade needs tighter regulation, as does the movement of live birds from countries with HSN1 infections. In such places
46、 trade should be suspended until flocks have been cleaned up.In addition, Nigeria and surrounding countries need serious public-education campaigns about the danger of contact with dead birds. When outbreaks occur, governments should immediately offer realistic compensation to farmers for birds lost
47、 to disease and culling. Without this, poor farmers will be tempted to hide bird-flu outbreaks and continue to sell poultry that should be culled. Farming practices that mix poultry species in farms or live animal markets are a danger too, and must be addressedalthough that might take longer. The ef
48、fort would be helped if those in the poultry industry and governments in poultry-exporting nations would stop simply pointing to the risks posed by wild birds and start paying more attention to the movement of animals, products and people from infected to uninfected regions and countries.Unusually for a complex problem with international ramifications, money is available to make a serious attempt at tackling it$1.9 billion was pledged by the worlds wealthier nations. There is no excuse for delay, unless we want more dead people to follow lots more dead ducks.（分数：5.00）(1).Acc
