1、专业八级-825 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be gi
2、ven 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the conversation what is Dr. Gus purpose?（分数：1.00）A.To have a talk with exhibitor.B.To purchase a lab.C.To discuss the possibility of negotiation with the Universal Computers Ltd.D.To inqui
3、re more information about the scientific apparatus.(2).They have been concerned with the following terms EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.millions of instructions per secondB.discountC.remote connectionD.management committee(3).From the conversation we know if we buy more products from the Universal Computers Lt
4、d.,（分数：1.00）A.we can earn more moneB.we can benefit moreC.they will give us more serviceD.they will move their main building to China(4).When can exhibitor expect to get an answer?（分数：1.00）A.Within a month or two.B.By Tuesday.C.Very soon.D.Immediately.(5).From the conversation we can deduce that _.（
5、分数：1.00）A.they have a good beginning of tradingB.they are eager to know each otherC.they want to shake hands in BeijingD.they hate the barriers between them四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 7 to 8 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to an
6、swer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Which statement is not true ?（分数：1.00）A.The girl was living with her mother.B.The landlady witnessed the crime.C.The girl and the suspect probably were dating.D.The girl was found dead on the floor.(2).We can learn from the news that _.（分数：1.00）
7、A.police provided detail in formations about the girlB.Tobago has a population of 1.2 millionC.homicide increased in TobagoD.Tobago is generally a peaceful islandQuestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer each question
8、.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).The reasons why the church wanted to burn Harry Potter books didnt include that _.（分数：1.00）A.it believed that the books were an abhorrence to GodB.it believed that the books would weaken the communication with GodC.it believed that the existence of God had been c
9、onfused by the bookD.it believed that the books would ruin the lives of many young people(2).Which statement is not true?（分数：1.00）A.The stories of Harry Potter are criticized in some other cities in U.S except New Mexicon.B.Young people are fascinated with Harry Potter.C.Christian churches hate Harr
10、y Potter.D.Pastor Jack Brock planned to bum the Harry Potter books on Sunday.1.Questions 6 is based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.According to the news, these militants _.（分数：1.00）A.suffered severe
11、casualtiesB.were on the recently issued list of terroristsC.fought with Saudi police forcesD.were thought to be hiding in al-Rawdah district五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Historical developments of the past half century and the invention of modem telecommunication and tran
12、sportation technologies have created a world economy. Effectively the American economy has died and been replaced by a world economy.In the future there is no such thing as being an American manager. Even someone who spends an entire management career in Kansas City is in international management. H
13、e or she will compete with foreign firms, buy from foreign firms, sell to foreign films, or acquire financing from foreign banks.The globalization of the worlds capital markets that has occurred in the past 10 years will be replicated right across the economy in the next decade. An international per
14、spective has become central to management. Without it managers are operating in ignorance and cannot understand what is happening to them and their firms.Partly because of globalization and partly because of demography, the work forces of the next century are going to be very different from those of
15、 the last century. Most firms will be employing more foreign nationals. More likely than not, you and your boss will not be of the same nationality. Demography and changing social mores mean that white males will become a smaller fraction of the work force as women and minorities grow in importance.
16、 All of these factors will require changes in the traditional methods of managing the work force.In addition, the need to produce goods and services at quality levels previously thought impossible to obtain in mass production and the spreading use of participatory management techniques will require
17、a work force with much higher levels of education and skills. Production workers must be able to do statistical quality control; production workers must be able to do just in-time inventories. Managers are increasingly shifting from a “dont think, do what you are told“ to a “think, I am not going to
18、 tell you what to do“ style of management.This shift is occurring not because todays managers are more enlightened than yesterdays managers but because the evidence is rapidly mounting that the second style of management is more productive than the first style of management. But this means that prob
19、lems of training and motivating the work force both become more central and require different modes of behavior.In the world of tomorrow managers cannot be technologically illiterate regardless of their functional tasks within the firm. They dont have to be scientists or engineers inventing new tech
20、nologies, but they have to be managers who understand when to bet and when not to bet on new technologies. If they dont understand what is going on and technology effectively becomes a black box, they will fail to make the changes that those who do understand what is going on inside the black box ma
21、ke. They will be losers, not winners.Todays CEOs are those who solved the central problems facing their companies 20 years ago. Tomorrows CEOs will be those who solve central problems facing their companies today. Sloan hopes to produce a generation of managers who will be solving todays and tomorro
22、ws problems and because they are successful in doing so they will become tomorrows captains of business.（分数：4.00）(1).The author suggests that a manager should hold a(n) _ view on management.（分数：1.00）A.economicalB.geographicalC.internationalD.financial(2).Speaking of the problems of training and moti
23、vating laborers, the author implies that _.（分数：1.00）A.laborers should keep up with the rapid development of modern technologyB.laborers pay more attention to wagesC.laborers want to advance themselvesD.there is a radical change in management style(3).By the first sentence of paragraph 7, the author
24、means that _.（分数：1.00）A.managers should master modern technologyB.managers should have access to technological knowledgeC.managers should focus on functional tasksD.managers should cooperate with technicians(4).The main topic of this passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.the new concept of managementB.the great s
25、hift of management styleC.the qualities of managers for the 21 st centuryD.the technique of managers modem management七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)One thing that distinguishes the online world from the real one is that it is very easy to find things. To find a copy of The Economist in print, one has to go
26、to a news-stand, which may or may not carry it. Finding it online, though, is a different proposition. Just go to Google, type in “economist“ and you will be instantly directed to . Though it is difficult to remember now, this was not always the case. Indeed, until Google, now the worlds most popula
27、r search engine, came on to the scene in September 1998, it was not the case at all. As in the physical world, searching online was a hit-or-miss affair.Google was vastly better than anything that had come before: so much better, in fact, that it changed the way many people use the web. Almost overn
28、ight, it made the web far more useful, particularly for nonspecialist users, many of whom now regard Google as the internets front door. The recent fuss over Googles stock market flotation obscures its far wider social significance: few technologies, after all, are so influential that their names be
29、come used as verbs.Google began in 1998 as an academic research project by Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page, who were then graduate students at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. It was not the first search engine, of course. Existing search engines were able to scan or “crawl“ a large porti
30、on of the web, build an index, and then find pages that matched particular words. But they were less good at presenting those pages, which might number in the hundreds of thousands, in a useful way.Mr Brins and Mr Pages accomplishment was to devise a way to sort the results by determining which page
31、s were likely to be most relevant. They did so using a mathematical recipe, or algorithm, called PageRank. This algorithm is at the heart of Googles success, distinguishing it from all previous search engines and accounting for its apparently magical ability to find the most useful web pages.Untangl
32、ing the webPageRank works by analysing the structure of the web itself. Each of its billions of pages can link to other pages, and can also, in turn, be linked to. Mr Brin and Mr Page reasoned that if a page was linked to many other pages, it was likely to be important. Furthermore, if the pages tha
33、t linked to a page were important, then that page was even more likely to be important. There is, of course, an inherent circularity to this formula-the importance of one page depends on the importance of pages that link to it, the importance of which depends in turn on the importance of pages that
34、link to them. But using some mathematical tricks, this circularity can be resolved, and each page can be given a score that reflects its importance.The simplest way to calculate the score for each page is to perform a repeating or “iterative“ calculation (see article). To start with, all pages are g
35、iven the same score. Then each link from one page to another is counted as a “vote“ for the destination page. Each pages score is recalculated by adding up the contribution from each incoming link, which is simply the score of the linking page divided by the number of outgoing links on that page. (E
36、ach pages score is thus shared out among the pages it links to.)Once all the scores have been recalculated, the process is repeated using the new scores, until the scores settle down and stop changing (in mathematical jargon, the calculation “converges“). The final scores can then be used to rank se
37、arch results: pages that match a particular-set of search terms are displayed in order of descending score, so that the page deemed most important appears at the top of the list.（分数：5.00）(1).We can infer from the 1st paragragh that by “hit-or-miss“ it is meant _.（分数：1.00）A.before Google, searching o
38、nline was impossibleB.before Google, searching online lacked accuracyC.before Google, searching online was difficultD.Google is easy to use(2).“Though it is difficult to remember now, this was not always the case.“ In the 1st paragragh, this sentence suggests that _.（分数：1.00）A.today Google has becom
39、e a commonplace way to find information onlineB.Google made a great contribution to searching onlineC.Google changed a lotD.Google is different from other search engines(3).The most important factor in Googles success is _.（分数：1.00）A.its unique mathematical recipeB.the popularity of its brand among
40、usersC.that it was the first search engine in the worldD.its stock market flotation(4).“But they were less good at presenting those pages, which might number in the hundreds of thousands, in a useful way.“ This sentence in the 3rd paragraph tells us that _.（分数：1.00）A.other search engines are less co
41、nvenient in useB.Google is the best search engineC.there are too many search engineD.all the search engines are basically the same(5).Which of the following is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Each page can be given a score that reflects its importance.B.In the beginning of rating a pages relative importance, al
42、l pages are given the same score.C.The importance of one page depends on the importance of pages that link to it, the importance of which depends in turn on the importance of pages that link to them.D.One pages score is given totally to another page it links to.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：3.00)The wet volcani
43、c ash that covered a Maya village in Central America in about AD 595 coated and preserved everyday objects beans, chilies, rope, gourds, even unwashed dishes - just as they had been left, giving archaeologists a rare chance to learn about the everyday lives of the people of this pre-Columbian villag
44、e. Exploration of the site, which is located in E1 Salvador and has been given the name Joya de Ceren, is now in its eighth season, and archaeologists are continuing to make new finds.The volcanic eruption that entombed Ceren more than 1,400 years ago began when lava pushed its way close enough to t
45、he surface to create a great explosion of steam and. ash that was centered just north of the village. The archaeologists have not found the remains of any human beings killed by the eruption in Ceren, suggesting that they had enough warning to flee. The eruption buried Ceren in a layer of ash 4 to 6
46、 m (13 to 20 ft) deep over a period of a few days.One of the most striking of the conclusions drawn from the Ceren site is that the people of this ancient village lived more comfortably than average Salvadorans do today. Cerens architecture, crafts, and agriculture were surprisingly sophisticated an
47、d varied. They ate a rich variety of foods, had spacious, well-ventilated living and working quarters, and lavishly decorated many of their ceramic items. Yet Caren was an average farming village, not a seat of the ruling class or a regional center of commerce, archaeologists said.The village of Cer
48、en was rediscovered in 1976 when a bulldozer operator knocked into the wall of one of the structures. Grasses that made up the thatched roof of the dwelling were still preserved, leading an archaeologist to conclude that the structure was recent. After two years, anthropologist Payson D. Sheets of t
49、he University of Colorado at Boulder discovered the antiquity of the structures when he dated a sample of thatch to about 1,400 years ago.Sheets was able to survey the site for only a few years before the civil war in El Salvador made it too dangerous to continue. The archaeologists left the site, located northwest of S
