1、专业八级-864 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Cryptic ColoringCryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack as well as of defense, and may be either general or special.
2、 General resemblance:Its especially common among the animal inhabiting someuniformly colored expanse of (1) , such as an ocean or a desert: (1) _.1) Animals are often (2) by their transparent (2) _.blue color or sandy appearance.2) Equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance. Specia
3、l resemblance:Its far commoner than general, and usually met with:1) on the diversified surface of the earth; 2)on the shores;3) in (3) water; 4)on the surface of the ocean. (3) _.The (4) of coloring, shape, and attitude produces a more (4) _.or less exact resemblance to some one of (5) in the envir
4、onment. (5) _. The attempts have been made along two lines for the(6) of these mast interesting and elaborate adaptations: (6) _.1) The first explans:Effect is a result of the direct influence of the environment upon (7) , or by the inherited effects of efforts and (7) _.the (8) of parts. (8) _.2) T
5、he second believes:(9) produced the result and afterwards maintained it (9) _.by the survival of the best concealed in each generation.In the present state of science, the only possible holeof an interpretation (10) the theory of natural selection. (10) _.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
6、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the interview, what h
7、appened since Mary Ann were 100?（分数：1.00）A.She had a blimp ride.B.She had a horse ride.C.She touched the Hollywood sign.D.She stayed at hom(2).Where was Mary Ann born?（分数：1.00）A.In a small village.B.North of Chicago.C.In Washington.D.In Hawai(3).What does she want to do for her 106th?（分数：1.00）A.She
8、wants to meet pop singer.B.She wants to meet a superstar.C.She wants to see a movie star.D.She wants to see a movi(4).According to the interview, which of the following is not tree?（分数：1.00）A.The older she got the more comfortable she was with herself.B.As she got older she no longer ran sacred anym
9、ore.C.Now, a lot of people think that part of aging is that they dont get to do the things that they could do, they become inactive, they sit around and watch television.D.When they are getting older they can go out and have fun.(5).From the interview, we can know what is the most important when you
10、 are getting old?（分数：1.00）A.Health.B.Possessions.C.Attitude towards aging.D.Daily lif四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：5.00)Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What is the re
11、ason of the decline of the number of the wild horses?（分数：1.00）A.Climate change and human activities.B.The hunting and culling.C.Farming and industrializing.D.Mass killing caused by peopl(2).Whom does the provision intend to sell the wild horses for?（分数：1.00）A.Federal government.B.The horse-lovers.C.
12、The people who kill the wild horse.D.The native peoplQuestions 7 and 8 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Now the U.S. economy growth rate is _.（分数：1.00）A.higher than 1995 to 2000
13、B.lower than 1973 to 1995C.as good as 1995 to 2000D.the same as 1993 to 1995(2).Dale Jorgenson points out that the 2.78 grow rate will be continued in the next _.（分数：1.00）A.2 yearsB.10 yearsC.20 yearsD.5 years1.Questions 6 is based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be
14、 given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.Around how many tons of hazardous waste does the world produce each year?（分数：1.00）A.150 million.B.1.50 million.C.15 million.D.50 million.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)According to reports in major news outlet
15、s, a study published last week included a startling discovery: the nations Jewish population is in shrinking. The study, the National Jewish Population Survey, found 5.2 million Jews living in the United States in 2000, a drop of 5 percent, or 300,000 people, since a similar study in 1990. Whats tru
16、ly startling is that the reported decline is not true. Worse still, the sponsor of the $6 million study, United Jewish Communities, knows it.Both it and the authors have openly admitted their doubts. They have acknowledged in interviews that the population totals for 2000 and i990 were reached by di
17、fferent methods and are not directly comparable. The survey itself also cautions readers, in a dauntingly technical appendix, that judgment calls by the researchers may have led to an undercount. When the research director and project director were asked whether the data should be construed to indic
18、ate a declining Jewish population, they flatly answered no. In addition, other survey researchers interviewed pointed to other studies with population estimates as high as 6.7 million.Despite all this, the two figures -5.2 million now, 5.5 million then-are listed by side in the survey, leaving the i
19、mpression that the population has shrunk. The result, predictably, has been a rash of headlines trumpeting the illusionary decline, in turn touching off jeremiads by rabbis and moralists condemning the religious laxity behind it. Whether out of ideology, ego, incompetence or a combination of all thr
20、ee, the respected charity has invented a crisis.United Jewish Communities is the coordinating body for a national network of Jewish philanthropies with combined budgets of $2 billion. Its population surveys carry huge weight in shaping community policy. This is not the first time the survey has set
21、off a false alarm. The last one, conducted by a predecessor organization, found that 52 percent of American Jews who married between 1985 and 1990 did so outside the faith. That number was a fabrication produced by including marriages in which neither party was Jewish by anyones definition, includin
22、g the researchers.Its publication created a huge stir, inspiring anguished sermons, books and conferences. It put liberals on the defensive, emboldened conservatives who reject full integration into society and alienated ordinary folks by the increasingly xenophobic tone of Jewish communal culture.
23、The new survey, to its credit, retracts that figure and offers the latest survey has spawned a panic created by the last one.So why did the organization flawed figures once again? Some scholars who have studied the survey believe the motivation then came partly out of a desire to shock straying Jews
24、 into greater observance. Its too early to tell if thats the case this time around. What is clear is the researchers did their job with little regard to how their data could be misconstrued. They used statistical models and question formats that, while internally sound, made the new survey incompati
25、ble with the previous one. For example, this time the researchers divided the population of 5.2 million into two groups-“highly involved“ Jews and “people of Jewish background“- and posed most questions only to the first group. As a result, most findings about belief and observance refer only to a s
26、ubgroup of American Jews, making comparisons to the past impossible.We cant afford to wait a decade before these figures are revised. The false population decline must be corrected before it further sours communal discourse. The United Jewish Communities owes it to itself and its public to step forw
27、ard and state plainly what it knows to be true: American Jews are not disappearing.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about the National Jewish Population Survey?（分数：1.00）A.It found a decline of 300,000 Jews in ten years.B.It was carried out by Unite
28、d Jewish Communities.C.This is the first time United Jewish Communities has made mistakes in the population survey.D.The reported decline is not reliabl(2).How does the population survey get it wrong in 2000?（分数：1.00）A.The population total in 2000 was reached by different method from that in 1990.B.
29、There might be some problems with the judgment calls by the researchers.C.United Jewish Communities offered not enough financial support to the survey.D.It is the result of the rash of headlines leaving the impression that the population has decline(3).Rabbis and moralists consider the Jewish popula
30、tion decline as the result of _.（分数：1.00）A.Jewish negligence of their religious beliefB.Jewish incompetence in AmericaC.Jewish self-esteemD.the combination of all the three above(4).It can be inferred from the passage that（分数：1.00）A.United Jewish Communities is sponsored by a single companyB.populat
31、ion surveys by United Jewish Communities are important in shaping community policy of the Jewish in AmericaC.the researchers did their job with nigh responsibilityD.American Jewish reject full integration into society(5).When the author is talking about the Jewish Population Survey, he seems _.（分数：1
32、00）A.to believe the shrinking of the Jews in AmericaB.to support the rejection of full integration into societyC.to blame United Jewish CommunitiesD.to be willing to tolerate the fault of United Jewish Communities七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)It is difficult for an agency as old as J. Walter Thompson, whi
33、ch will mm 140 next year, to record some firsts at so venerable an age. But it will do just that with a rare changing of the guard. Thompson, which works for blue-chip advertisers like Diageo, Ford Motor, Kellogg, Merrill Lynch, Nestl6, Pfizer and Reckitt Benckiser, will announce today that Bob Jeff
34、rey, president for its North American operations, will be promoted to chief executive, effective Jan. 1.Mr. Jeffrey, in being named the ninth chief executive of Thompson since 1864, succeeds Peter A. Schweitzer, who will become chairman, a post that is now vacant. Mr. Schweitzer, 64, will also relin
35、quish his duties as worldwide president to Michael Madel, now president for the Thompson operations in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Mr. Jeffrey, 50, will become the first Thompson chief executive to have spent most of his advertising career outside the agency. He joined Thompson five years ag
36、o as president of the flagship New York office; he came from the agency now known as Lowe it was hard to be sure which gear the car was about to engage. Several times I hit fifth gear when aiming for third, Chrysler apparently anticipated this problem, as a brief warning chimes to let you know when
37、youre in reverse.Neither the PT Cruiser convertible nor the New Beetle is perfect. But for fun in the sun or even the fall- what could be better? Both cars brought constant waves, smiles, and stories from passersby.Whats a convertible about if it isnt looking good on the road and brightening your da
38、y?（分数：5.00）(1).Those who choose Volkswagens New Beetle or Chryslers PT Cruiser are mainly interested hi their _.（分数：1.00）A.practicalityB.fun to driveC.pricesD.style(2).Which of the following statements is right?（分数：1.00）A.The New Beetle Convertible and the New Beetle hatchback are practically of the
39、 same model.B.More fun to drive means more horsepower.C.The New Beetle Convertible leaves people with the impression that its only a car made for a lady.D.The New Beetle Convertible was uncomfortable to use in winter.(3).Which of the following is NOT among the shortcomings of Volkswagens New Beetle
40、named by the author?（分数：1.00）A.Its reputation as a “chick car“.B.Its folded top sits above a tiny trunk, with only five cubic feet of capacity and accessible through a smaller porthole.C.Crank the steering into a turn and the car follows like an eager puppy.D.As with the New Beetle hatchback, the wi
41、ndshield is far away, and the wipers clear only a small slit of a view in front.(4).The PT Cruiser excels the New Beetle Convertible with all the following qualities EXCEPT that _.（分数：1.00）A.its cutesy lookB.the back seat is comfortable for two people, and the trunk is roomyC.the back seats fold for
42、ward in case you need to carry some long cargoD.the 220-horsepower turbocharged engine in the GT model makes the Cruiser seriously quick, which backs up its hot-rod looks. But after that, the driving experience falls apart(5).“It was hard to be sure which gear the car was about to engage. Several ti
43、mes I hit fifth gear when aiming for third. Chrysler apparently anticipated this problem, as a brief warning chimes to let you know when youre in reverse.“ In the last 3rd paragraph, this means that _.（分数：1.00）A.the design of the car deserves applaudingB.the designer really cares about the drivers p
44、ractical needsC.this problem of the PT Cruiser is quite noteworthyD.none of the above十、TEXT E(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)2.A person in Shanghai can describe what may happen in Spain; similarly, a 21st century person can talk about events in ancient times. This demonstrates t
45、hat language possesses the design feature of _.（分数：1.00）A.productivityB.dualityC.cultural transmissionD.displacement3.In Canada, French and English are coequal official language except in _, where French is the sole official language.（分数：1.00）A.QuebecB.MontrealC.VancouverD.Ottawa4.It is taken as a g
46、reat contribution made by _ that languages in the world are classified into different language families according to their genetic relations.（分数：1.00）A.modem linguistsB.traditional grammariansC.sociolinguistsD.historical linguists5.The Yellow Pages is a classified commercial _ that lists subscribers
47、 according to their trade or business.（分数：1.00）A.registration bookB.telephone directoryC.itinerary mapD.flight route6.In the 19th century, in England, there appeared a literary trend _.（分数：1.00）A.RomanticismB.SentimentalismC.Critical RealismD.Realism7.H. G. Wells is one of the most famous writers of
48、 _ fiction.（分数：1.00）A.romanticB.realisticC.classicalD.science8.The Pilgrims came to America in a ship named the _.（分数：1.00）A.Half MoonB.SpeedwellC.MayflowerD.Santa Maria9.The Louisiana territory of America was purchased from _.（分数：1.00）A.SpainB.EnglandC.FranceD.Russia10._ is the study of language in relation to the mind.（分数：1.00）A.PsycholinguisticsB.SociolinguisticsC.LinguisticsD.Semantics11._ was the most popular American poet of this century. At the age of 87, he was invited to read a poem at the inauguration of President Kennedy.（分数：1.00）A.Ezra PoundB
