1、专业八级分类模拟418及答案解析 (总分：105.05，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Cross-Cultural CommunicationMulticulturalism is a reality in North America. It is, therefore, important to know how to bridge cultural differences in our communications. Here are some of th
2、e tips to help with the cross-cultural communication. . Dont expect cultures are the same . South Texas customs Stand at a(n) 1 angle Eyes are cast down to or out across 2 Say Pleased to know you Dont 3 with women San Antonio: women have haute hug . Bow Cambodia and Laos: bow as if they are 4 Japan:
3、 the deeper you bow, the more 5 you are Korea: prefer bowing to handshaking Thai: bow with 6 together . Hugging People from Hawaii, Greece and 7 greet by hugging . Kiss Cuba: kissing means approval Middle east: shake hands before they exchange kisses on cheeks; Dont shake hands with women unless she
4、 8 to you People from Eastern Europe, Portugal, Spain and Italy often kiss male friends on the cheek . Postures Middle East: Sitting with your legs crossed is 9 To show someone the sole is to 10 . Handshaking Most of the world does not greet by shaking hands Britain: brief but 11 handshake France: l
5、ight grip, a single and quick handshake Germany: one firm pump then 12 Germany and France: more than one handshake means 13 . Mirroring gestures Begin with 14 Wait and mirror other partys gesture When in doubt, youd better be 15 Dont assume others follow their traditional greetings （分数：40.05）三、SECTI
6、ON B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.He is a psychologist.B.He is a financial advisor.C.He is a psychiatrist.D.He is a best-selling author.A.Dollars and cents.B.Freedom.C.Opportunities.D.Security.A.50%.B.75%.C.80%.D.85%.A.To pay yourself first.B.To save one hour a day of your income.C.To spend
7、less money.D.To avoid getting into debt.A.People in survival level.B.The middle class.C.The high-income earners.D.The billionaires.（分数：20.00）A.He wants to work as a management trainee.B.His college program is Integrated Business Studies.C.He is the organizer of Orientation Camp.D.He is the president
8、 of Student Union.A.It includes such subjects as Finance, Marketing, and Banking.B.It is a very conventional course of study.C.The subjects are taught in an integrated way.D.It is quite helpful for the future career.A.It is more consistent.B.It is more cutting-edge.C.It is more incentive.D.It is mor
9、e practical.A.Felix wants to work in the big bank because it offers high salary.B.Felix thinks that Integrated Business Studies is rather dull and remote.C.Felix supposes that long-term opportunities are important.D.Felix has little experience of taking part in extra-curricular activities.A.Its very
10、 generous of them.B.They want Felix to get a high salary immediately.C.They enormously support Felix.D.It is a family with love.四、PART LANGUAGE USAG(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Almost universally, women have failed to reach leading positions in major corporations and private sector organizations, respective of t
11、heir abilities, said author Linda Wirth. The higher 1 the position, the glaring the gender gap. The ILO said men 2 traditionally rely in old boy networks to climb up the ladder. 3 Women are more invisible in the corporate world but they are less 4 keen on informal gatherings. They are also fighting
12、a losing battle for 5 against sexual harassment. A British study found that women in one company subjecting to 6 continuing sexual harassment and bullying failed to achieve promotion whatever strategy they used. Protesting and complaining earned them a label of feminist and whining, while trying to
13、7 be one of the men invited further harassment, the ILO report said. A survey of 300 companies in Britain last year found that just 3 percent of board members are women. In the FTSE top 100 8 companies listed in Britain, women held just 4 percent of directors posts, while female managers earned just
14、 71 percent of the salary of their male counterpart, the ILO report said. 9 British female managers as a whole earned 83 percent of the salaries of their male counterpartsputting them ahead of their counterparts in most other countries. The situation in Germany was no better. A survey of 70,000 larg
15、est companies found that women there held just 1 to 3 percent of the top executive and boardroom positions. The ILO also reported that the comparative high proportion of women executives in large 10 French companies13 percentwas now falling again from the 1980s levels.（分数：25.00）专业八级分类模拟418答案解析 (总分：1
16、05.05，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Cross-Cultural CommunicationMulticulturalism is a reality in North America. It is, therefore, important to know how to bridge cultural differences in our communications. Here are some of the tips to help with th
17、e cross-cultural communication. . Dont expect cultures are the same . South Texas customs Stand at a(n) 1 angle Eyes are cast down to or out across 2 Say Pleased to know you Dont 3 with women San Antonio: women have haute hug . Bow Cambodia and Laos: bow as if they are 4 Japan: the deeper you bow, t
18、he more 5 you are Korea: prefer bowing to handshaking Thai: bow with 6 together . Hugging People from Hawaii, Greece and 7 greet by hugging . Kiss Cuba: kissing means approval Middle east: shake hands before they exchange kisses on cheeks; Dont shake hands with women unless she 8 to you People from
19、Eastern Europe, Portugal, Spain and Italy often kiss male friends on the cheek . Postures Middle East: Sitting with your legs crossed is 9 To show someone the sole is to 10 . Handshaking Most of the world does not greet by shaking hands Britain: brief but 11 handshake France: light grip, a single an
20、d quick handshake Germany: one firm pump then 12 Germany and France: more than one handshake means 13 . Mirroring gestures Begin with 14 Wait and mirror other partys gesture When in doubt, youd better be 15 Dont assume others follow their traditional greetings （分数：40.05）解析：90 degree 听力原文 Cross-Cultu
21、ral CommunicationGood morning, everyone. Today we are going to talk about cross-cultural communication. As we know, multiculturalism is a reality in North America and for those of us who do business globally. The US has more legal immigrants yearly than all the other countries in the world combined.
22、 Also there are vast cultural differences among native North Americans living in the US and Canada for several generations, as you know if youve done business with a New Yorker or with a Texan. Culture is not ethnic or racial. It is learned and of course each culture is different. Treat everyone lik
23、e a unique individual, as you would like to be treated, dont get hung up on stereotypes. Develop your emotional intelligence so you can be more intuitive about how to communicate with, negotiate with, and provide services and products for people from cultural backgrounds other than your own. I offer
24、 some tips below, and yet they are not universal in all cultures, but I am sure they are helpful to a lesser or greater degree. 1. I repeat, do not expect everyone in a culture to be the same! 2. In South Texas, if youre talking to a male, they will often stand at a 90 degree angle to you. If you mo
25、ve to reorient, a dance will begin. This is a markedly non-intimate position, and often the eyes are cast down to the floor or out across the floor. South Texans generally say Pleased to know you, while Mid Westerners say, Pleased to meet you or Pleased to make your acquaintance. In social settings
26、in South Texas, it is not customary, to shake hands with women. Other San Antonio cultural customsin San Antonio society, we have the haute hugtwo women will parody a hug, not touching any part of their bodies, and just patting one another lightly on the back. As a sign of affection, when you shake
27、hands, sometimes you cover the other persons hand with your left hand and pat or squeeze with warm eye contact. This is particularly done with respected older people. 3. People from Asian cultures bow in greeting, but the bows are different. People from Cambodia and Laos bow with both hands together
28、 in front of the chest, as if praying. In Japan, the depth of the bow signifies the level of respect for the other party. Many Koreans prefer bowing and if they shake hands, the right hand is supported at the wrist by the left hand to show respect. Thais bow with palms together about chest-high with
29、 their fingers outstretched. And, there are exceptions. The Taiwanese usually nod the head in recognition rather than bow. 4. Some cultures naturally greet by hugging. Native Hawaiians hug each other, exchanging breaths. The custom is called ha. Ancient Hawaiians, incidentally, actually bumped heads
30、 together. Greeks and Italians often hug with or without shaking hands first. 5. Some cultures kiss! If your Cuban male client kisses you on the cheek, you know youve made the short list. Immigrant men from the Middle East often shake hands with a slight nod or bow and then exchange kisses on both c
31、heeks. Men from the Middle East usually dont shake hands with women, nor do they introduce the woman with them. Do not attempt to shake hands with a Middle Eastern woman unlessand heres where the EQ comes inshe extends her hand to you. Men in Eastern Europe, Portugal, Spain and Italy will often kiss
32、 male friends on the cheek. 6. Postures also have meaning. Ready to settle in with your Middle Eastern client? You may be most comfortable sitting back in your chair and crossing your legs. Well, dont! the Middle East, one of the most insulting things you can do is sit with your legs crossed so the
33、bottoms of the feet are pointed in the other persons direction. The foot is the dirtiest part of the body and the sole of the shoe is the dirtiest of the low. To show someone the bottom of your foot or shoe means youre looking for a fight! 7. Be aware that most of the world does not greet by shaking
34、 hands. Even handshaking cultures do it differently. Many Britons prefer a brief but firm handshake. The French prefer a light grip while sharing a single gentle shake thats quickly withdrawn. Germans will give a very firm hand- shakejust one pump then quick withdrawal. More than one shake with Germ
35、ans or French is considered aggressive. 8. A final tip for cultural communication: mirroring gestures. We begin with a polite word or two, such as Mr. and Mrs. Takida, its so nice to meet you at last, and then hesitate for a moment to see what they want to do and are comfortable with. Then mirror th
36、eir gesture, be it bow, hand shake, hug or nothing! Use your intuition! When in doubt, err on the side of conservatism. Also, you may want to bear in mind the other person may be trying to accommodate your culture, so dont assume they will use their traditional greeting. For example, if you start fi
37、rst, for instance bowing, and then see a hand extended for a shake, and switch to that, the other person will then have switched to a bow and this becomes awkward. For many cultures such awkwardness will kill the relationship early on, which means the deal is off. All right. I am sure you have a lot
38、 to digest for today. Wherever you come from, I am sure we would resolve our misunderstandings by communications. Thats why the main purpose and function of cross-cultural communication is to accommodate the diversity of cultures. 解析 本题考查德州南部地区的一些礼仪。如果在德州南部跟一位男性交谈，他们通常会站在与你成90度角的位置。因此本题填90 degree。解析
39、：the floor解析 讲座提到，当和德州南部的男性聊天时，如果双方位于明显不亲密的位置，他们的视线会投向地板或者望向地板四周，因此本题填the floor。解析：shake hands解析 本题考查在德州南部不能用什么方式与女性打招呼。讲座提到，在德州南部与女性握手是不符合习俗的。因此这里填shake hands。解析：praying解析 本题考查柬埔寨和老挝的鞠躬方式。这两个国家的人鞠躬时会把双手放在胸前，像是在祈祷。本篇讲座多处出现例子，这是常见考点，应注意做笔记。解析：respectful解析 在日本，鞠躬的深度代表你对对方尊敬的程度。鞠躬越深代表越尊敬。本题需在记取信息的基础上对信
40、息进行加工，要把respect转换成respectful。解析：palms解析 本题考查泰国人的鞠躬方式。泰国人鞠躬时会双手伸展合十放在齐胸高的地方。故本题应填入palms。解析：Italy解析 本题考查在哪些国家人们见面时会互相拥抱，讲座中列举了夏威夷人、希腊人和意大利人等。填extends her hand。听音时应排除插入语的干扰。解析：extends her hand解析 讲座中提到不要与中东女士握手，除非她们主动伸手与你握手。填extends her hand。听音时应排除插入语的干扰。解析：(most) insulting解析 在中东，翘起二郎腿坐着，鞋子底部对着别人是十分侮辱人的
41、。因此这里填(most)insulting。解析：pick a fight解析 讲座中提到，鞋底或脚底对着别人是十分侮辱人的，并且进一步说到这是挑衅的行为。录音是looking for a fight，但因不能填入四个单词，故将其同义转换为pick a fight。解析：firm解析 英国人握手都是又快又有力的。讲座中罗列了多个国家的握手方式，做笔记过程中要加以区分并分行记下每一点。本题答案为firm。解析：quick withdrawal解析 本题考查德国人的握手方式，即用力握一下，然后很快把手缩回来。因此这里填quick withdrawal。解析：aggressive解析 根据讲座，在德
42、国和法国多次握手是具有攻击性的表现。因此这里填aggressive。解析：polite words解析 本题考查考生对细节的把握。讲座提到文化交流的最后一个建议是模仿别人的姿势，同时指出首先要说一些礼貌性的问候语，故本题应填入polite words。解析：conservative解析 本题属于细节题，考查学生理解和转换信息的能力。当在交际中有疑惑时，宁可犯一些保守的错误(err on the side of conservatism)。结合题目这里概括为conservative。三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.He is a
43、psychologist.B.He is a financial advisor.C.He is a psychiatrist.D.He is a best-selling author.解析：听力原文 W: Many people dream of making it big, buying a bigger house, designer clothes and a nicer car, but with a record number of millionaires now living right here in the United States, an age-old questi
44、on is now front and centercan money really buy happiness? Best-selling author David Bach is a psychiatrist and a money advisor on CNBCs The Millionaire Inside. Going from rags to riches, he says he found happiness but it wasnt just about dollars and cents. Morning, David. M: Good morning, Maggie. W:
45、 What do you think that makes people happy then, if they have no money? M: Well, I think what most Americans really want is freedom. We are in the land of the free, but when three out of four people are living paycheck to paycheck, they dont feel free. So I think there are a lot of opportunities for
46、 the average American to become what I call an automatic millionaire, which means paying yourself first, saving one hour a day of your income and spending less. W: Do you mean that the people having different levels of life all have the same feeling? M: Absolutely. You may have different levels of l
47、ife. You have the survival level, or someone really is living paycheck to paycheck. Then you have security, where someone as you might basically need to cover. Maybe theyve got six months to a year with the expenses put aside. Once you gel passed a year of expenses, youll start to become free. W: You also say that happiness is not as simple as making more money. M: Yes. The more money you have, the more you need to spend anyway. People dont know how to keep their money. And people dont know how to spend it wisel
