1、专业英语八级（改错）-试卷211及答案解析 (总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_The interloper who seized our telephone line continued to hit us again and again for the next six months. The phone companyseemed powerful. Its security folks moved us to one unlisted number
2、 1after another half a dozen times. They put special pin codes inplace. They put traces on the line. And the troublemaker kept 2breaking through. If our hacker has been truly evil and omnipotent as only 3fictional movie hackers are, there would probably have been even worse ways he could have threat
3、ened my privacy. He could havedestroyed my credit rate. He could have eavesdropped on my 4telephone conversations or siphoned off my e-mail. He could havecalled in my mortgage, discontinued my health assurance or deleted 5my Social Security number. Still, I remember feeling violating at the time and
4、 as powerless 6as a minnow in a flash flood. Someone was invading my privatespacemy familys private spaceand there was anything I or the 7authorities could do. It was as close to a technological epiphany(主显节)as I have ever been. And as I watched my personal digitalhell unfold, which struck me that o
5、ur privacymine and yours 8has already disappeared bit by bit. Losing control of your telephone, of course, is least of it. After 9all, most of us voluntarily give out our phone number and address when we allow ourselves to be listed in the White Pages. We makeit public our interests and our purchasi
6、ng habits every time we shop 10by mail order or visit a commercial website.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The process of acquiring the self-discipline for Japanese begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birthhow early theJapanese child is given h
7、is own identity! If I was to define in a word 1the attitude of the Japanese toward their children, I would put it in a 2concise wordLove! Yes, abundance of love, warmly expressedfrom the moment which he is put to his mothers breast. For a 3mother this nursing of her child is psychologically importan
8、t. Rewards are frequent, a bit of candy bestowing at the right 4moment, an inexpensive toy. For time to enter school comes, however, 5discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is greatest 6shame for the child. What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline?It lies, I th
9、ink, in the fact which the aim of all teaching is the 7establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over and over, and continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive. This repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect a child to obey and to learn through obedience. Th
10、e demand isgentle at first and tempering to the childs tender age. It is no more 8gentle as time goes on, but certainly it is increasingly inexorable. Now, far away from that warm Japanese home, I reflect what I 9learned there. What, I wonder, will take place of the web of love 10and discipline whic
11、h for so many centuries has surrounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan?（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_There are four major types of benchmarking activities pursued at Xerox; internal, functional, generic, and competitive. Thetheory behind internal
12、benchmarking maintains that while large 1organizations have multiples of the same units setting up to perform 2similar activities, information can easily be shared among similarunits at the companys advantage. At Xerox, the company utilizes 3internal benchmarking as a device to transfer opinions, id
13、eas, and information among its divisions. Functional benchmarking is the story of Xeroxs learning relationship with L. L. Bean. In the early 1980s, the members of Xeroxs benchmarking review team found that L. L. Bean, whichadopt of the same methods of customer order processingpicking 4orders manuall
14、yas themselves, was three times fast. Thus, Bean 5became Xeroxs functional benchmark in the area of order processing. Generic benchmarking has become Xeroxs focal points. Xerox identified numerous basic business processes, such as order taking,in that they sought improvement. One individual was assi
15、gned to 6oversee improvements in each of 10 areas encompassing the 67identified processes, the owners of which became responsible 7documenting specific means of improving processes, overseen 8implementation of organizational benchmarking activities. Finally, competitive benchmarking entails uncoveri
16、ng competitor practices that can then be implemented and improvedupon within an organization. Xerox had four places which it stored 9and handled material, but it changed its materials managementstructure to be more in line with those of its competitors. 10 As a result, Xerox has been able to reclaim
17、 the market leadership position.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（改错）-试卷211答案解析 (总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_解析：The interloper who seized our telephone line continued to hit us again and again for t
18、he next six months. The phone companyseemed powerful. Its security folks moved us to one unlisted number 1after another half a dozen times. They put special pin codes inplace. They put traces on the line. And the troublemaker kept 2breaking through. If our hacker has been truly evil and omnipotent a
19、s only 3fictional movie hackers are, there would probably have been even worse ways he could have threatened my privacy. He could havedestroyed my credit rate. He could have eavesdropped on my 4telephone conversations or siphoned off my e-mail. He could havecalled in my mortgage, discontinued my hea
20、lth assurance or deleted 5my Social Security number. Still, I remember feeling violating at the time and as powerless 6as a minnow in a flash flood. Someone was invading my privatespacemy familys private spaceand there was anything I or the 7authorities could do. It was as close to a technological e
21、piphany(主显节)as I have ever been. And as I watched my personal digitalhell unfold, which struck me that our privacymine and yours 8has already disappeared bit by bit. Losing control of your telephone, of course, is least of it. After 9all, most of us voluntarily give out our phone number and address
22、when we allow ourselves to be listed in the White Pages. We makeit public our interests and our purchasing habits every time we shop 10by mail order or visit a commercial website.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：powerfulpowerless）填空项1:_（正确答案：AndBut）填空项1:_（正确答案：hashad）填空项1:_（正确答案：raterating）填空项1:_（正确答案：assuranc
23、e一insurance）填空项1:_（正确答案：violatingviolated）填空项1:_（正确答案：anythingnothing）填空项1:_（正确答案：which一it）填空项1:_（正确答案：least一the）填空项1:_（正确答案：it去掉it）解析：解析：代词冗余。make的宾语是our interests and our purchasing habits，补语是public，这里是宾语后置，因此不需要it。此处意为“每当我们邮购或者访问网站时，我们都在使个人兴趣和购物习惯公开化。”The process of acquiring the self-discipline
24、for Japanese begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins at birthhow early theJapanese child is given his own identity! If I was to define in a word 1the attitude of the Japanese toward their children, I would put it in a 2concise wordLove! Yes, abundance of love, warmly expressedfrom the mom
25、ent which he is put to his mothers breast. For a 3mother this nursing of her child is psychologically important. Rewards are frequent, a bit of candy bestowing at the right 4moment, an inexpensive toy. For time to enter school comes, however, 5discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family
26、is greatest 6shame for the child. What is the secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline?It lies, I think, in the fact which the aim of all teaching is the 7establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over and over, and continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive. This repetitio
27、n is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They expect a child to obey and to learn through obedience. The demand isgentle at first and tempering to the childs tender age. It is no more 8gentle as time goes on, but certainly it is increasingly inexorable. Now, far away from that warm Japanese h
28、ome, I reflect what I 9learned there. What, I wonder, will take place of the web of love 10and discipline which for so many centuries has surrounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan?（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：waswere）填空项1:_（正确答案：aone）填空项1:_（正确答案：which去掉which）填空项1:_（正确答案：bestowingbestowed）填空项1
29、:_（正确答案：ForAsWhen）填空项1:_（正确答案：greatestthe）填空项1:_（正确答案：whichthat）填空项1:_（正确答案：temperingtempered）填空项1:_（正确答案：reflect一onupon）填空项1:_（正确答案：placethe）解析：解析：冠词缺失。take place表示“发生”，take the place of sth表示“代替某物”。此处句子的含义是“我不知道什么将会代替围绕日本人生活和思维方式几百年的爱和约束所形成的网。”因此应该使用take the place of。There are four major types of
30、benchmarking activities pursued at Xerox; internal, functional, generic, and competitive. Thetheory behind internal benchmarking maintains that while large 1organizations have multiples of the same units setting up to perform 2similar activities, information can easily be shared among similarunits a
31、t the companys advantage. At Xerox, the company utilizes 3internal benchmarking as a device to transfer opinions, ideas, and information among its divisions. Functional benchmarking is the story of Xeroxs learning relationship with L. L. Bean. In the early 1980s, the members of Xeroxs benchmarking r
32、eview team found that L. L. Bean, whichadopt of the same methods of customer order processingpicking 4orders manuallyas themselves, was three times fast. Thus, Bean 5became Xeroxs functional benchmark in the area of order processing. Generic benchmarking has become Xeroxs focal points. Xerox identif
33、ied numerous basic business processes, such as order taking,in that they sought improvement. One individual was assigned to 6oversee improvements in each of 10 areas encompassing the 67identified processes, the owners of which became responsible 7documenting specific means of improving processes, ov
34、erseen 8implementation of organizational benchmarking activities. Finally, competitive benchmarking entails uncovering competitor practices that can then be implemented and improvedupon within an organization. Xerox had four places which it stored 9and handled material, but it changed its materials
35、managementstructure to be more in line with those of its competitors. 10 As a result, Xerox has been able to reclaim the market leadership position.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：whilebecause）填空项1:_（正确答案：settingset）填空项1:_（正确答案：at一to）填空项1:_（正确答案：第一个of去掉of）填空项1:_（正确答案：fast一faster）填空项1:_（正确答案：thatwhich）填空项1:_（正确答案：responsible一for）填空项1:_（正确答案：overseenoverseeing）填空项1:_（正确答案：whichin或whichwhere）填空项1:_（正确答案：those一that）解析：解析：代词误用。这里代词指代的是前面的materials management structure，中心词structure为名词单数，因此代词用that。
