1、专业英语八级(听力)-试卷116及答案解析 (总分:120.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数:4,分数:120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(分数:30.00)_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-fi
2、lling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.(分数:30.00)_Different Types of
3、 LearningI. The definition of learningA. A process of people experiencing relationship between eventsB.【T1】 1 of subjects changing behavior【T1】 2C. A process of recognizing how【T2】 3【T2】 4II. Two basic stages of learningA【T3】 5: gradual process with trial and error【T3】 6B. Maintenance: acting on the
4、 new information【T4】 7【T4】 8III. Four types of learningA Instrumental or【T5】 9【T5】 10 The common one in dog training Behavior produces eventwhich can be a(n)【T6】 11 or negative experience【T6】 12 Dogs【T7】 13 when rewarded by the experience【T7】 14 Humans get burned when touching a hot stove Events/con
5、sequences change the behaviorB. Classical/respondent【T8】 15【T8】 16 Learning that things go together Dogs begin【T9】 17 when hearing the bell rings【T9】 18 The first form of learning is【T10】 19【T10】 20 For humans, its likely to rain when its cloudyC.【T11】 21 learning【T11】 22 Also called single event le
6、arning Events are【T12】 23【T12】 24 Dogs wont perk up ears when hearing an irrelevant noise People get【T13】 25 to noises【T13】 26D. Social learning As a result of being in social groups Chimpanzees learning how to【T14】 27 by watching【T14】 28 People learn from others Frequently occurs in a situation of【
7、T15】 29 or being dynamic【T15】 30(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(
8、12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_Story Telling I. Status of story tellingA. In the past provided cultural【T1】 1【T1】 2 provided moral educationB. Today stories are still much valued as a way to deliver a personal,【T2】 3 message【T2】 4II
9、. Function and criteria of storiesA. To capture the interest【T3】 5 , story teller has to【T3】 6 take the needs of the【T4】 7 into account.【T4】 8 tailor the story to fita. the time availableb. the age of the audiencec. the location and【T5】 9【T5】 10B. Good stories are complete stories with a(n)【T6】 11【T
10、6】 12C. Adding a twist to make the ending【T7】 13 will definitely【T7】 14make the story more funIII. Sources of storiesA The sources of stories can be【T8】 15【T8】 16B. The best source is the story tellers own【T9】 17, because it【T9】 18 sounds true has a greater【T10】 19【T10】 20IV. Presentation of stories
11、A. Before giving a story publicly memorize the【T11】 21【T11】 22 pay attention to【T12】 23 and names【T12】 24 try to tell the story in【T13】 25【T13】 26B. When telling the story keep every thing in control and establish your【T14】 27【T14】 28 watch your speaking speed and use【T15】 29【T15】 30(分数:30.00)(1).【T
12、1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:
13、_(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_专业英语八级(听力)-试卷116答案解析 (总分:120.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数:4,分数:120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(分数:30.00)_解析:2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While list
14、ening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to previ
15、ew the gap-filling task.(分数:30.00)_解析:Different Types of LearningI. The definition of learningA. A process of people experiencing relationship between eventsB.【T1】 1 of subjects changing behavior【T1】 2C. A process of recognizing how【T2】 3【T2】 4II. Two basic stages of learningA【T3】 5: gradual process
16、 with trial and error【T3】 6B. Maintenance: acting on the new information【T4】 7【T4】 8III. Four types of learningA Instrumental or【T5】 9【T5】 10 The common one in dog training Behavior produces eventwhich can be a(n)【T6】 11 or negative experience【T6】 12 Dogs【T7】 13 when rewarded by the experience【T7】 1
17、4 Humans get burned when touching a hot stove Events/consequences change the behaviorB. Classical/respondent【T8】 15【T8】 16 Learning that things go together Dogs begin【T9】 17 when hearing the bell rings【T9】 18 The first form of learning is【T10】 19【T10】 20 For humans, its likely to rain when its cloud
18、yC.【T11】 21 learning【T11】 22 Also called single event learning Events are【T12】 23【T12】 24 Dogs wont perk up ears when hearing an irrelevant noise People get【T13】 25 to noises【T13】 26D. Social learning As a result of being in social groups Chimpanzees learning how to【T14】 27 by watching【T14】 28 Peopl
19、e learn from others Frequently occurs in a situation of【T15】 29 or being dynamic【T15】 30(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:consequenceresult)解析:解析:讲座的主题是“learning(学习)”,讲座人认为learning是a process where a living being experi-ences,a consequence the subjects behavior changes,可知答案为consequence。表示定义
20、的词句是重点,特别是涉及讲话人观点或关键概念的定义,做笔记时要对其重视。此题也可填入consequence的同义词result。(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:action changes environment)解析:解析:在讲到学习的定义时,讲座后来又给出了更简单的说法,学习是认识到人的行为是如何改变环境还有其他人的行为等等的过程,把原文中how后面的句子进行总结,可以得出答案为action changes environ-ment。(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Acquisition)解析:解析:此题开始具体分述学
21、习的两个基本阶段。录音材料提到学习分为两个基本阶段:前者为acquisition,由此可知答案。由B点的Maintenance可知A点为另一个阶段Acquisition,注意首字母应大写。(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:appropriately)解析:解析:录音材料提到“一旦具备了新信息,就会在适当(appropriate)的时候使用”,由此可知答案为appropri-ately。要点提示词once后的信息常考,笔记中应特别注意。根据考题空格前的词可知,空白处应填入修饰acting的副词,故将词性转换。(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答
22、案:正确答案:operant learning)解析:解析:讲到四种学习类型时,第一种为instrumental learning,后面用了一个非限制性定语从句来解释它,说更众所周知的就是operant conditioning(操控反射),后面一个句子也提到如果你训练过狗的话,操控反射可能是你很熟悉的一种形式,所以答案为operant learning。(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:rewardingbeneficialpositive)解析:解析:此题具体谈论四种学习方式中的第一种类型。录音原文“这一事件可以是正面的经验,也可以是反面的经验”,由此可知
23、答案为rewarding,或beneficial,positive。如没听清原文,可由空格后的negative推测与之反义的答案positive或beneficial。(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:repeat the behavior)解析:解析:如果你的狗突袭了垃圾,因而吃了美食,那它很可能会重复这个行为,故应填入repeat the behavior。(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:conditioning)解析:解析:此题谈论第二种类型。根据录音原文“Classical conditioning是另一种越来越流行
24、的学习模式”,可知答案为conditioning。此题作为四种类型中的第二种,文中多次提及,考生应记录其内容。(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:salivating)解析:解析:此题通过对动物狗的实验,举例说明学习的第二种类型。录音中提到狗在渴望食物时会分泌唾液(salivate),可知答案为salivating。注意begin后接动词-ing或to do形式,根据上下文应填入salivating。(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:demonstrated experimentally)解析:解析:命名为Classical
25、 conditioning的原因是它是第一个以试验方法来论证的学习方式,所以答案为demonstrated experimentally。(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Non-associative)解析:解析:此题谈论四种学习方式中的第三种类型。根据录音原文Non-associative learning is one of themost basic forms of learning,可知答案为Non-associative。关于主题的分项内容是常考之处,另外,材料中多次提及non-associative learning,笔记当然不能漏。同时要
26、注意首字母大写。(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:unrelatedirrelevant)解析:解析:录音中具体提到“此类的学习涉及了许多不相关的事项”,可知答案为unrelated或irrelevant。细心的考生可能会将unrelated和irrelevant都记录笔记中,此题填入其中之一便可。(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:habituatedusedaccustomed)解析:解析:此题通过列举人们睡觉时对噪音的反应,说明学习的第三种类型。录音中提到“几天之后你会习惯(habituated)这些噪音,而且不久
27、后,你甚至会感觉不到它们的存在。”再对照题目可知答案为habituated。涉及列举的例子,是常考之处,听音时不应忽视。另外根据上下文,也可填入used或accustomed等词。(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:use tools)解析:解析:此题通过黑猩猩的行为,举例说明学习方式中的第四种类型。录音中提到“黑猩猩能够通过观察种群中长者们如何使用工具来学会这一技能。”由此可知答案为use tools。本题属于细节题,涉及列举的例子,是常考之处,听音时应给予注意。(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:social hier
28、archy)解析:解析:讲座的最后提到社交学习最经常发生在存在着某种社会阶层的场合,故应填入social hierarchy。Story Telling I. Status of story tellingA. In the past provided cultural【T1】 1【T1】 2 provided moral educationB. Today stories are still much valued as a way to deliver a personal,【T2】 3 message【T2】 4II. Function and criteria of storiesA.
29、 To capture the interest【T3】 5 , story teller has to【T3】 6 take the needs of the【T4】 7 into account.【T4】 8 tailor the story to fita. the time availableb. the age of the audiencec. the location and【T5】 9【T5】 10B. Good stories are complete stories with a(n)【T6】 11【T6】 12C. Adding a twist to make the e
30、nding【T7】 13 will definitely【T7】 14make the story more funIII. Sources of storiesA The sources of stories can be【T8】 15【T8】 16B. The best source is the story tellers own【T9】 17, because it【T9】 18 sounds true has a greater【T10】 19【T10】 20IV. Presentation of storiesA. Before giving a story publicly me
31、morize the【T11】 21【T11】 22 pay attention to【T12】 23 and names【T12】 24 try to tell the story in【T13】 25【T13】 26B. When telling the story keep every thing in control and establish your【T14】 27【T14】 28 watch your speaking speed and use【T15】 29【T15】 30(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:continui
32、ty)解析:解析:文中提到了在纸质印刷品出现之前,story teller提供了cultural continuity,并进一步解释这种文化持续性preserving the past to serve as guide through the future。填入continuity。(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:individualized)解析:解析:表示并列之处往往是听音重点。在谈到story teller未能被取代时,演讲人说到了故事的信息传递具有personal,individunlized的特点,故应填individualized。(3).【T
33、3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:of the audience)解析:解析:好的故事选择会抓住观众的兴趣,讲座好几处都谈到了抓住观众的兴趣,所以空格处应填入of theaudience。(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:situation)解析:解析:讲座谈到并非所有故事都适合任何情况,因而要对号入座。在叙述故事时要考虑到situation,并且要对故事做适当的删减工作。空格应填situation。(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:the mood desired)解析:解析:表示并列之处是常考点,一定
34、要做好笔记。谈到对故事进行tailor时,演讲人谈到了要依照3个方面:时间、听众年龄、地点和所需的情绪。空格处缺少的是the mood desired。(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:climax)解析:解析:讲座中说,好的故事要有开头、过程、结局,还要有高潮部分,填climax。(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:unexpected)解析:解析:演讲人谈到,更好的故事可能会增加一个twist让故事的结局更加出人意料。However是听音重点,其后的内容必须做笔记。答案填unexpected。(8).【T8】(分数:2.00
35、)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:various)解析:解析:在讲到故事来源的时候,讲座提到故事可以来自几乎任何地方,换句话说,故事的来源是多方面的,所以答案可总结为various。(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:experiences)解析:解析:此题比较容易,文中多次提及好故事的来源应与自身经历相关。填experiences。(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:vitality)解析:解析:在谈到与自身相关的故事更能吸引观众的原因时,演讲人谈到它能让听众感觉真实,也能给观众带来更强的画面感。填vitality。(11
36、).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:outline and flow)解析:解析:在谈到故事的叙述时,演讲人提到了叙述前的注意事项:无须把故事背下来,记住故事的大纲以及故事的过程即可。填outline and flow。(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:key points,events)解析:解析:在故事的表达上,要特别注意关键点、时间和名字,原文中的take special note of对应空格前的payattention to,所以答案为key points,events。(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1
37、:_(正确答案:正确答案:your own words)解析:解析:讲座提到,不要设法一字不差地陈述一个故事,应该用自己的语言讲述,所以空格处应填入your ownwords。(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:presence)解析:解析:演讲人在结尾处还进一步说到了叙述故事并不仅仅是选用恰当的词语,还应建立你的气场(presence),让一切尽在掌握中。填录音原文提到的presence。(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:gestures as needed)解析:解析:讲故事的时候,应该注意语速,用需要的手势,但是要避免使故事分散的手势,所以答案为gestures asneeded。