1、翻译三级笔译实务模拟7答案模拟 120Section English Chinese Translation Translate the following two passages into Chinese .第1题：参考答案：如果你从未见过一座发电厂，你可能很难想象发电设备是多么复杂，锅炉能产生多么巨大的热量，而炉子每天又是需要烧多少煤。 举例说，我们的一座发电厂摩根顿发电厂的各台锅炉一天中就能把二千四百万加仑的水化为蒸汽。这座电厂的炉子一天之内就消耗九千九百吨煤。波多马克电力公司(PEPCO)用煤量如此巨大，以致我们专门购置了两列八十节车皮的火车以加速输送煤的过程。仅仅一座摩根顿电厂就能
2、每天生产二千五百万千瓦小时的电。 电是靠使大型磁铁在发电机内的线圈里面转动而产生的。磁铁转速愈高，产生的电压就愈高。电流从波多马克电力公司的发电机出来时，其电压在13,800伏至24,000伏之间。 下一道程序是使电流通过一个变压器，把电压提升，并使电继续向前进。一根导线就象一根小口径的水管。把电压升高就象给水加压一样，这样一来就会使这个系统中能量的运动加快。详细解答：采分点解析 1If you have never seen a power plant，you might find it hard to imagine how enormously complex the equipment
3、 is or how much heat is generated by the boilers or how much coal it takes to fuel the furnaces for just one day. 如果你从未见过一座发电厂，你可能很难想象发电设备是多么复杂，锅炉能产生多么巨大的热量，而炉子每天又是需要烧多少煤。 分析 基本素质采分点与理解结构采分点。 power plant固定词组：发电厂；the equipment根据上下文译成“发电设备”：本句中主句的谓语动词find后是形式宾语it，而真正的宾语是动词不定式to imagine；而imagine后有三个宾语从
4、句，翻译时要用换序译法(将真正宾语提前)、断句译法(将三个how从句断开译)，还有转态译法即本句中的被动语态译成汉语时要变成主动(how much heat is generated)。 2During the course of a day，the boilers at one of our power plants，Morgantown，for example，can turn 24 million gallons of water into steam举例说，我们的一座发电厂摩根顿发电厂的各台锅炉一天中就能把二千四百万加仑的水化为蒸汽。 分析 理解结构采分点。 翻译中要注意措词的变换，有
5、时需将笼统的变成具体的，形象的变成抽象的，反之亦然：本句中的the boilers就应译成具体的“各台锅炉”。 3That generating plant alone uses 9,900 tons of coal in its furnaces in just one dayPotomac Electric Power Company(PEPCO) uses so much coal that we have purchased two 80-car unit trains to facilitate the delivery process这座电厂的炉子一天之内就消耗九千九百吨煤。波多马
6、克电力公司(PEPCO)用煤量如此巨大，以致我们专门购置了两列八十节车皮的火车以加速输送煤的过程。 分析 理解结构采分点。 翻译中要根据需要增减词义，使得译文语意完整；还要注意语序的调整，使得句子的指代清楚。如本句：That generating plant alone uses 9,900 tons of coal in its furnaces in just one day. 中的划线部分就可译成：这座电厂的炉子；sothat句式中要调整好语序；two 80-car unit trains to facilitate the delivery process中数词后要按汉语习惯加上量词，
7、to facilitate the delivery process 也要说清楚是“加速输送煤的过程”。 4 And Morgantown alone can produce over 25 million kilowatthours of electricity in a single days operation仅仅一座摩根顿电厂就能每天生产二千五百万千瓦小时的电。 分析 用词选词采分点。 上面提到翻译中要根据需要增减词义，使得译文语意完整；本句中的in a single days operation 中的划线词在翻译中可不译出。 5 The faster we spin the magn
8、ets，the higher will be the voltage of the electricity produced磁铁转速愈高，产生的电压就愈高。 分析 理解结构采分点。 本句是the fasterthe higher比较级结构，可用换序译法；同时前半句中的人称代词不要译出，可使句子的表达更为客观。 6 Electricity leaves a PEPCO generator at between 13,800 and 24,000 volts电流从波多马克电力公司的发电机出来时，其电压在13,800伏至24,000伏之间。 分析 理解结构采分点。 本句可用断句法翻译。当电流从发电机
9、输出时，其电压在13,800伏至 24,000伏之间。 7 The next step in the process occurs when electricity passes through a transformer where the voltage is stepped up to continue on its journey下一道程序是使电流通过一个变压器，把电压提升，并使电继续向前进。 分析 理解结构采分点。 本句中的被动结构若直译，则不符合汉语习惯，因此将被动变主动：the voltage is stepped up把电压提升；后面的目的状语也可用断句译法来译。Section
10、 Chinese-English Translation Translate the following passage into English .第2题：参考答案：Tibet, located on the Roof of the World, is still an underdeveloped area in China because of its harsh natural conditions and various social and historical restrictions formed by centuries of backward feudal serfdom.
11、 However, the development of Tibet in the past 50 years has greatly changed its former poor and backward look, and the Tibetan peoples living standards have greatly improved. Social and economic development has enriched the peoples material and cultural life remarkably. In 2000, people of various et
12、hnic groups in Tibet basically shook off poverty, and had enough to eat and wear. Some of them began to live a better-off life. Along with the improvement in the peoples livelihood, consumer goods such as refrigerators, color TV sets, washing machines, motorcycles and wristwatches have entered more
13、and more ordinary homes. Many well-off farmers and herdsmen have built new houses. Some have even bought automobiles. Currently, Tibet ranks first in per-capita housing in the country. Radio, television, telecommunications, the Internet and other modem information transmission means are now part of
14、daily life in Tibet. News about various parts of the country and the world now reach most people in Tibet by radio and TV. Local people can obtain information from and make contacts with other parts of the country and the world through telephone, telegram, fax or the Internet. The Tibetan peoples he
15、alth has also improved substantially, because the situation featuring a lack of both doctors and medicine has changed fundamentally. The average life expectancy of the Tibetan people has increased from 35.5 years in the 1950s to 67 years presently.详细解答：采分点解析 1由于西藏地处“世界屋脊”，自然条件恶劣，也由于几百年落后的封建农奴制社会形成的各
16、种社会历史条件的限制，西藏在全国还属于不发达地区。 Tibet，located on the“Roof of the World”，is still an underdeveloped area in China because of its harsh natural conditions and various social and historical restrictions formed by centuries of backward feudal serfdom 分析 理解表达采分点。 本句采用的是并句技巧，把汉语中的四个语言单位合译成英语的一个句子；汉译英时注意利用分词、介词、
17、连词、不定式、从句和独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句。另外将“世界屋脊”译成the“Roof of the World”。 22000年，西藏全区各族人民已基本摆脱贫困，实现温饱。部分群众生活达到了小康水平。In 2000, people of various ethnic groups in Tibet basically shook off poverty， and had enough to eat and wearSome of them began to live a better-off life 分析 用词选词采分点。 “各族人民”应泽为：various ethnic groups
18、“摆脱贫困，实现温饱”应译为：shook off poverty，and had enough to eat and wear “生活达到了小康水平”应译为：live a better-off life 3西藏目前的人均居住面积处于全国首位。 Currently，Tibet ranks first in per-capita housing in the country 分析 用词选词采分点。 “处于首位”应译为：rank first “人均居住面积”应译为：per-capita housing 4绝大多数地区的百姓能够通过收听收看广播、电视，了解全国和全世界各地的新闻。News about
19、various parts of the country and the world now reach most people in Tibet by radio and TV 分析 理解表达采分点。 本句采用的是井句技巧，把汉语中的两个语言单位合译成英语的一个句子： 此外汉译英时语序作了调整：因为汉语是主题显著的语言，它所突出的是主 题而不是主语：而英语是主语显著的语言，它所突出的是主语：汉语中常用 “人”作主语(本句中是“百姓”)，而汉译英时，常选取句子中应突出的被 阐述的对象作为主语，本句选取了news作主语：其一，“新闻”在原文中是非常重要的信息，在译文中应突出，其二，用news作主
20、语可以使后面的谓语部分及其他部分的行文更为洗炼、简洁，也更符合英语的表达习惯。 5当地百姓能够通过电话、电报。传真或互联网等手段获取信息资料，并与全国和全世界各地取得联系。Local people can obtain information from and make contacts with other parts of the country and the world through telephone，telegram，fax or the Internet. 分析 理解表达采分点。 本句的翻译还是要注意语序问题；状语在汉语中习惯放在主语之后、谓语之前(见本句原文)，但有时为了强调
21、，也可将状语置于主语之前，英语中状语的位置则富于变化，但较长的状语则往往放在句首或句末(见本句译文)。因此，译文中的结构是主谓宾状，其中谓语是obtain information 和 make contacts；状语是from(telephone，telegram, fax or the Internet)andwith other parts of the country and the world through telephone，telegram, fax or the Internet。 6由于缺医少药状况得到根本改变，人民群众的健康水平大幅度提高。西藏人均预期寿命由二十世纪五十年代
22、的35.5岁增加到现在的67岁。The Tibetan peoples health has also improved substantially, because the situation featuring a lack of both doctors and medicine has changed fundamentallyThe average life expectancy of the Tibetan people has increased from 35.5 years in the 1950s to 67 years presently 分析 用词选词采分点。 “缺医少药状况”译为：the situation featuring a lack of both doctors and medicine“人均预期寿命”译为：the average life expectancy更多试卷请见麦多课文库
