1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 8705:2005 Mopeds Measurement method for location of centre of gravityICS 43.140 BS ISO 8705:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 9 January 2006 BSI 9 January 2006 ISBN 0 580 47104 7 National foreword Th
2、is British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 8705:2005 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/14, Motorcycles and mopeds, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can
3、 be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of t
4、he BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid en
5、quirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This docum
6、ent comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference n
7、umber ISO 8705:2005(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8705 Second edition 2005-09-01 Mopeds Measurement method for location of centre of gravity Cyclomoteurs Mthode de mesure de lemplacement du centre de gravit BS ISO 8705:2005ii iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative refere
8、nces . 1 3 Definitions of axis systems . 1 4 Measurement conditions . 1 5 Measuring instruments (apparatus) 2 6 Measuring procedure . 3 6.1 Location of centre of gravity along x-axis 3 6.2 Location of centre of gravity along y-axis 6 6.3 Location of centre of gravity along z-axis 9 7 Test results 16
9、 Annex A (normative) Format for measurement results 17 BS ISO 8705:2005 iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO t
10、echnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates clos
11、ely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draf
12、t International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this docum
13、ent may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8705 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 23, Mopeds. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8705:1991) whic
14、h has been technically revised. BS ISO 8705:2005v Introduction The stability of a moped is a very important element of its active safety. The moped/rider combination and the environment in which this combination is used form a unique closed-loop system. However, the evaluation of the moped/rider com
15、bination stability is extremely complex because of interaction of the intrinsic moped stability, the influence of position of the rider and his response to continuously changing conditions. In the evaluation of moped stability, the determination of the kinetic characteristics of the moped/rider comb
16、ination is considered an important part of the design parameters of the vehicle itself. The test procedure described in this International Standard deals with one aspect of the kinetic characteristics: the determination of the centre of gravity of the moped and of the moped/rider combination. BS ISO
17、 8705:2005blank1 Mopeds Measurement method for location of centre of gravity 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a measuring method for determining the location of the centre of gravity of the moped and of the moped/rider combination. It applies to two-wheeled mopeds. Other measuring metho
18、ds can be used if it is demonstrated that the results are equivalent. The measuring results obtained by the method given in this International Standard alone (see Annex A) cannot be used for an evaluation of the vehicle stability because they deal with only one aspect of this very complex phenomenon
19、. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3779, Road vehicles
20、Vehicle identification number (VIN) Content and structure 49 CFR Part 572, subpart B Code of Federal Regulations, issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) 3 Definitions of axis systems 3.1 The moped axis system (x, y, z) is a right-hand orthogonal axis system fixed in the
21、 moped such that when the moped is moving in a straight line on a level road, the x-axis is substantially horizontal, points forwards and is in the longitudinal plane of symmetry. The y-axis points to the riders left side and the z-axis points upwards. This coordinate system applies to translation m
22、otion and rotational motion together with the moped. Assuming that the moped is fixed to the platform, the coordinate system is also applied to the platform. 3.2 The Earth-fixed axis system (X, Y, Z) is a right-hand orthogonal axis system fixed on the Earth. The X- and Y-axes are in a horizontal pla
23、ne and the Z-axis points upwards. 4 Measurement conditions 4.1 Measurement conditions for a moped shall be as follows: a) the moped shall be free from mud and deformation, and operate normally; b) the fuel shall be filled up to the top level specified in the operation manual; c) lubricating oil and
24、cooling water shall be filled up to the level specified in the operation manual; BS ISO 8705:2005 2 d) tyre pressure shall be as specified in the operation manual; e) tools shall be provided at the regular storage positions; f) front and rear suspension systems shall be fixed at a static position; g
25、) the front wheel shall be positioned along the x-axis. If the conditions are to be modified according to the object of the measurement, the modified conditions shall be recorded in the measurement report. 4.2 Measurement conditions when a rider is on the moped shall be as follows: a) measurement co
26、nditions of the moped shall be as set forth as in 4.1; b) a test dummy 1 )having a mass of 73,4 kg, or an equivalent man, shall be used as the rider; c) the rider shall be positioned as follows: 1) the rider shall be positioned on the vertical centre surface of the moped; 2) the rider shall sit on t
27、he seat, hold the handle bar by both hands, and place both feet on the foot rests; 3) obtain the angle formed by the line connecting the point S 2 )and point H 3 )and the x-axis; that angle shall be the angle of the riders posture; 4) obtain the distance between the front axle and the point H along
28、the x-axis, that distance shall be the seating position of the rider. However, if the conditions are to be modified according to the object of measurement, the modified conditions shall be recorded in the measurement report. 5 Measuring instruments (apparatus) Measuring instruments to measure the ce
29、ntre of gravity shall be as follows or having equivalent functions and accuracy. 5.1 precision square level, that can measure up to 0,1 mm/1 m. 5.2 steel tape measure, with a tolerance of 0,3 + 0,1(L 1) mm at a length, L expressed in metres. 5.3 angle gauge, that can measure the rotational angle to
30、0,1 electrically or mechanically. 5.4 weighing scales, with enough accuracy to weigh the object to 0,1 kg. 5.5 support, used when placing the platform on the weighing scale. 5.6 platform, with the highest possible rigidity and of light weight. 1 ) Test dummy as specified in 49 CFR Part 572, subpart
31、B, or equivalent. 2 ) Point indicating the centre of rotation of the dorso and the arms of the rider. 3 ) Point indicating the centre of rotation of the dorso and femoral regions of the rider. BS ISO 8705:20053 5.7 knife edge, the roundness of which at the edge shall be below 1 mm in radius 4 ) . NO
32、TE An edge angle below 90 is recommended. 5.8 weights, to incline the platform. 6 Measuring procedure 6.1 Location of centre of gravity along x-axis 6.1.1 Location of centre of gravity of the empty platform along x-axis Measure the location of the centre of gravity of the empty platform along the x-
33、axis as follows (see Figure 1): a) place supports (5.5) at the centres of the front and rear weighing scales and measure the respective loads, P KFand P KR ; b) place the platform (5.6) on the two supports, such that its centre of gravity lies directly above the line connecting the two supports (the
34、 platform includes any brackets/wires necessary to hold the moped; NOTE If it is difficult to locate the centre of gravity above the line connecting the two supports, use additional sets of a weighing scale and a support, such that the centre of gravity falls on the area framed by additional support
35、s and the support F and R. c) measure the distance, x PF , along the x-axis from the point A at the front end of the platform to the support F on the front side and the distance, x PR , along the x-axis from the point A to the support R on the rear side; d) measure the loads, P FRand P RR , distribu
36、ted to the front and rear supports; e) calculate the distance x Palong the x-axis from the point A at the front end of the platform to the centre of gravity using the following equations: PF FR KF PPP = (1) PR RR KR PPP = (2) PF PF PR PR P PF PR xP xP x PP + = +(3) where P PFis the load of the platf
37、orm distributed to support F, in newtons; P FRis the total load given by the platform and the load given by support F distributed to support F, in newtons; P KFis the load of support F, in newtons; P PRis the load of the platform distributed to support R, in newtons; P RRis the total load given by t
38、he platform and the load given by support R distributed to support R, in newtons; 4 ) The roundness at the edge is the form of edge finished sharply when rounded with the load applied to it. BS ISO 8705:2005 4 P KRis the load of support R, in newtons; x Pis the distance from point A at the front end
39、 of the platform to the centre of gravity along the x-axis, in millimetres; x PFis the distance from point A at the front end of the platform to support F along the x-axis, in millimetres; x PRis the distance from point A at the front end of the platform to support R along the x-axis, in millimetres
40、. Figure 1 Location of centre of gravity of the platform along the x-axis 6.1.2 Location of centre of gravity of moped along the x-axis Measure the location of the centre of gravity of the moped 5 )along the x-axis as follows (see Figure 2): a) place the moped on the platform, such that the tyre cen
41、trelines are parallel to and vertically above the line connecting the two supports and fix it so it cannot move, lateral inclination angle of the moped to the platform shall be 0 0,5; b) measure the distance, x F , along the x-axis from point A at the front end of the platform to the front axle of t
42、he moped; c) measure the loads, P MFand P MR , distributed to the front and rear supports; d) calculate the distance, x g , along the x-axis from the front axle of the moped to the location of centre of gravity using the following equations: 5 ) The case here includes both cases of the moped without
43、 and the moped with a rider. BS ISO 8705:20055 mTP mmm = (4) TF MF KF PPP = (5) TR MR KR PPP = (6) PF TF PR TR T TF TR xP xP x PP + = +(7) TT PP m m xm xm x m = (8) gmF xxx = (9) where m mis the mass of the moped, in kilograms; m Tis the total mass of the moped and platform, in kilograms; m Pis the
44、mass of the platform, in kilograms; P TFis the load of the platform and moped distributed to support F, in newtons; P MFis the total load given by the platform and moped, and the load given by support F distributed to support F, in newtons; P TRis the load of the platform and moped distributed to su
45、pport R, in newtons; P MRis the total load given by the platform and moped, and the load given by support R distributed to support R, in newtons; x Tis the distance from point A at the front end of the platform to the centre of gravity of both moped and platform along the x-axis, in millimetres; x m
46、is the distance from point A at the front end of the platform to the centre of gravity of the moped along the x-axis, in millimetres; x gis the distance from the front axle of the moped to the centre of gravity along the x-axis, in millimetres; x Fis the distance from point A at the front end of the
47、 platform to the front axle of the moped along the x-axis, in millimetres. BS ISO 8705:2005 6 Figure 2 Location of centre of gravity of the moped along x-axis 6.2 Location of centre of gravity along y-axis 6.2.1 Location of centre of gravity of the empty platform along y-axis Measure the location of
48、 the centre of gravity of the empty platform along the y-axis as follows (see Figure 3): a) place supports at the centres of the right and left weighing scales and measure the respective loads, P KLand P KR ; b) place the platform on the two supports, such that its centre of gravity lies directly ab
49、ove the line connecting the two supports (the platform includes any brackets/wires necessary to hold the moped); if it is difficult to locate the centre of gravity above the line connecting the two supports, use additional sets of a weighing scale and a support, such that the centre of the gravity falls on the area framed by additional supports and supports F and R; c) measure the distance, y PL , along the y-axis from point B at the left end of the platf
