1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO/IEC 14771:1999 ICS
2、 35.100.01 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Information technology Open Distributed Processing Naming frameworkThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the DISC Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and com
3、es into effect on 15 February 2000 BSI 02-2000 ISBN 0 580 35677 9 BS ISO/IEC 14771:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO/IEC 14771:1999 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its
4、 preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/15, Software Engineering, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests i
5、nformed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this doc
6、ument may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of
7、British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO/IEC title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 t
8、o 25 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Reference number ISO/IEC 14771:1999(E) OSICEI/ 9991 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 14771 First edition 1999-12-01 Information technology Open Distributed Processing Naming framework
9、 Technologies de linformation Traitement distribu ouvert Cadre de dnominationISO/IEC14771:1999(E) DPFdcsilremia ihTsPDFfilemayctnoainemeddebdtyfepaces.InaccnadrocewithAebodslicensinglopicy,thisfilemaybepirntedorivewedubtslahlton beidetedlnuessthetyfepaceswhichareemeddebdraelicensedtonadintslaledonth
10、ecomputerfrepormingtheideting.Inodwlnidaongthis feli,trapiesaccepttierehnthesersnoptilibiyofontinfrnignigAebodslicsneniglopicy.hTeISOtneCarlSecterairatacceptsnollibaiityinthis .aera AbodeisatdaremarkofAbodeStsyemsInctaropro.de teDailsofthesfotwraepudorctsusedtocrtaeetihsPDFfilecanbefnuodintheGarenel
11、Infolerativetothefile;theP-FDcerationrapamteers weretpoimizedforpirtning.EvreycraeahseebntakentoensruethatthefileissuitlbaeforusebyISOmemebridobse.Inthelnuikleyetnev tahtaplboremleratingtoitisfdnuo,lpaeseifnormthetneCarlSecterairatattheserddasgivenlebow. ii ISO/IEC 14771:1999(E) ISO/IEC 9991 All irt
12、hgs ersdevre iii Contents 3DJH 6FRSH 1RUPDWLYHUHIHUHQFHV ,GHQWLFDO5HFRPPHQGDWLRQV_,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUGV HILQLWLRQV 7HUPVGHILQHGLQRWKHU,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUGV $EEUHYLDWLRQV 2YHUYLHZRI23QDPLQJ ,QWURGXFWLRQ 6WUXFWXUHRIQDPLQJFRQWHWV 3URFHVVHVLQYROYLQJQDPHV %DVLF1DPLQJ2SHQ)HGHUDWHG1DPLQJ$3, $ 5HODWLRQVKL
13、SZLWK26,1DPLQJDQG$GGUHVVLQJ $QQH%VHULHV_ ,62,(_ ,62,(!GRPDLQ 7KLV5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ_,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUGPDNHVXVHRIWKHIROORZLQJWHUPVGHILQHGLQ,7875HF;_ ,62,(!IHGHUDWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ $EEUHYLDWLRQV )RUWKHSXUSRVHRIWKLV5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ_,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUGWKHIROORZLQJDEEUHYLDWLRQVDSSO 23 2SHQLVWULEXWHG3URFHVVLQJ
14、 26, 2SHQ6VWHPV,QWHUFRQQHFWLRQ ;)1 ;2SHQ)HGHUDWHG1DPLQJ 2YHUYLHZRI23QDPLQJ ,QWURGXFWLRQ ,7875HF;_,62,(&LQWURGXFHVWKHEDVLF23QDPLQJFRQFHSWV7KLVFODXVHSURYLGHVDQLQIRUPDO GLVFXVVLRQRIWKHQDPLQJVWUXFWXUHVVXSSRUWHGEWKRVHFRQFHSWV ,QSULQFLSOHXVLQJWKH23FRQFHSWVLWZRXOGEHSRVVLEOHWRFRQVWUXFWDVLQJOHXQLYHUVDOQDPLQJ
15、FRQWHWIRUGLVWULEXWHG VVWHPVD JOREDOQDPLQJVFKHPH ,QVXFKDQDPLQJVFKHPHRQORQHVHOHFWHGQDPLQJFRQYHQWLRQZRXOGDSSOWRDOO WKHHQWLWLHVRIFRQFHUQLQWKH23VVWHP1DPHVLQVXFKDVFKHPHDUHXVXDOOUHIHUUHGWRDV DEVROXWHQDPHVDOWKRXJK WKHDUHLQIDFWUHODWLYHWRDVLQJOHDJUHHGFRQWHWIURPZKLFKDOOQDPHUHVROXWLRQVWDUWV 6XFKDVFKHPHLVEDVHGRQ
16、WKHDVVXPSWLRQWKDWDOOWKHSDUWLHVSDUWLFLSDWLQJLQGLVWULEXWHGSURFHVVLQJIROORZWKHVDPH QDPLQJVFKHPH7KLVLPSOLHVWKDW DOOWKHSDUWLHVLQWKH23VVWHPVDJUHHWRXVHWKHVDPHQDPLQJFRQYHQWLRQ WKHUHLVDUHOHYDQWQDPHDXWKRULWWRDGPLQLVWHUWKHVFKHPH 7KHVHFRQGLWLRQVFDQDSSOLQVRPHVSHFLDOLHGHQYLURQPHQWVRUIRUVVWHPVDGPLQLVWHUHGEDVLQJOHD
17、GPLQLVWUDWLRQ +RZHYHUDWUXOJOREDOVFKHPHZRXOGUHTXLUHDJUHHPHQWRQDXQLYHUVDOQDPHVSDFHWREHXVHGLQWKHQDPLQJRIDQ HQWLWLHVWKDWUHTXLUHQDPLQJDQGDXQLYHUVDOPDSSLQJEHWZHHQWKHQDPHVIURPWKHQDPHVSDFHDQGWKHHQWLWLHV0DQ,62,( LQGHSHQGHQWOGHYHORSHGQDPLQJVFKHPHVKDYHDOUHDGEHHQLPSOHPHQWHGDQGPDQPRUHDUHEHLQJSURSRVHG7KH23 QDPLQJ
18、PRGHOPXVWDFFRPPRGDWHWKHVHGLIIHUHQWQDPLQJVFKHPHVDQGDOORZWKHLULQWHUFRQQHFWLRQ$VLQJOHXQLYHUVDO QDPLQJFRQWHWZRXOGQRWVXSSRUWWKHQHFHVVDUKHWHURJHQHLWDQGFRXOGQRWEHPDQDJHG 0RUHRYHULQDYHUODUJHQDPLQJVVWHPQDPLQJPXVWUHPDLQXQDPELJXRXVDQGWKHQDPHVSDFHPXVWWKHUHIRUHEH HTXDOOODUJH(DFKQDPLQJDFWLRQPXVWEHFKHFNHGIRUFRQVLV
19、WHQFZLWKWKHHIIHFWVRIDOOSUHYLRXVQDPLQJDFWLRQV7KH WLPHUHTXLUHGIRUDQDPLQJDFWLRQZLOOWKXVEHFRPHUHODWHGWRWKHQXPEHURISUHYLRXVQDPLQJDFWLRQVPDNLQJWKH DYDLODELOLWRIWKHQDPLQJDFWLRQSURFHVVXQSUHGLFWDEOH7KHSHUIRUPDQFHRIWKHQDPLQJDFWLRQSURFHVVFDQRQOEH LQFUHDVHGDWWKHFRVWRIUHGXFHGFRQVLVWHQFVRPHQDPHVPDEHXVHGPRUHWKDQRQ
20、FHFUHDWLQJKRPRQPVDQGQDPH UHVROXWLRQEHFRPHVDPELJXRXV $FRQWHWUHODWLYHQDPLQJVFKHPH DOORZVWKHIHGHUDWLRQRIQDPLQJFRQWHWVDQGVROYHVPDQRIWKHVHSUREOHPV ,QDFRQWHWUHODWLYHQDPLQJVFKHPHPXOWLSOHQDPLQJFRQWHWVFDQDSSOWRHQWLWLHVLQGLIIHUHQWDGPLQLVWUDWLYHGRPDLQV RIWKH23VVWHPEXWWKHVHQDPLQJFRQWHWVFDQEHUHODWHGWRRQHDQRWKHUV
21、RWKDWLWLVSRVVLEOHWRUHIHUIURPRQH QDPLQJFRQWHWWRDQHQWLWLQDQRWKHUQDPLQJFRQWHW,QRUGHUWRDFKLHYHWKLVLQDGGLWLRQWRDVVRFLDWLQJDQDPHZLWKDQ HQWLWDQDPLQJDFWLRQFDQDOVRDVVRFLDWHDQDPHZLWKDQRWKHUQDPLQJFRQWHW6LQFHDQDPLQJFRQWHWLVVRPHWKLQJRI LQWHUHVWLWLVDQHQWLWDQGFDQEHQDPHG 6XFKDQDSSURDFKSURYLGHV WKHDELOLWWRDYRLGWKHQH
22、HGIRUXQPDQDJHDEOODUJHQDPLQJVVWHPV DXWRQRPRIWKHHOHPHQWVRIRSHQGLVWULEXWHGSURFHVVLQJVVWHPVVRWKDWHOHPHQWVDGPLQLVWHUHGXQGHU GLIIHUHQWQDPLQJVFKHPHVFRQWLQXHWRZRUNRQWKHLURZQEXWFDQZRUNWRJHWKHU HDVHLQUHDFKLQJDJUHHPHQWVDQGJHWWLQJFRPPLWPHQWVRQDQDPLQJVFKHPHVLQFHVPDOOHUFRPPXQLWLHV DUHLQYROYHGZKLFKFDQWKHQEHEURXJKW
23、WRJHWKHUWRIRUPDJOREDO23FRPPXQLWEIHGHUDWLQJWKHLU QDPLQJVFKHPHV HIILFLHQWDQGFRPSDFWUHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIQDPHVZLWKLQORFDOFRPPXQLWLHV WKHDELOLWWRLQFRUSRUDWHGLIIHUHQWHLVWLQJJOREDOQDPLQJVFKHPHV 7KXVWKHQDPLQJSURFHVVDQGPDQDJHPHQWRIFRQVLVWHQFRIQDPHVEHFRPHPDQDJHDEOHSUREOHPVDQGHLVWLQJQDPLQJ FRQWHWVFDQEHDFFRPPRGDWHG
24、 6WUXFWXUHRIQDPLQJFRQWHWV $QODUJHGLVWULEXWHGVVWHPLVOLNHOWRFRPSULVHDQXPEHURIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHDQGWHFKQRORJGRPDLQV$VDUHVXOWLWLV OLNHOWKDWWKHVVWHPDOVRFRPSULVHVDQXPEHURIQDPLQJFRQWHWVHDFKUHODWLQJWRDQDPHVSDFHDQGDVHWRIWDUJHW HQWLWLHV$WDQJLYHQWLPHQRWDOORIWKHQDPHVIURPWKHQDPHVSDFHDQGQRWDOORIWKHHQWLWLHVIURPWKHVHWR
25、IWDUJHW HQWLWLHVZLOOEHLQYROYHGLQDQDPLQJFRQWHW :KHUHDQXPEHURIQDPLQJFRQWHWVHLVWLWPDDWWLPHVEHQHFHVVDUIRUDQHQWLWLQRQHQDPLQJFRQWHWWRQDPHDQ HQWLWLQVRPHRWKHUQDPLQJFRQWHWHQRWLQJDQHQWLWLQDQRWKHUQDPLQJFRQWHWUHTXLUHVDQDPHIRUWKHHQWLWDQGWKH LGHQWLILFDWLRQRIWKHQDPLQJFRQWHWLQZKLFKWKHQDPHUHVROYHVWRWKHHQWLW7RVXSSRUW
26、VXFKLGHQWLILFDWLRQDQDPLQJ FRQWHWFDQQDPHRWKHUQDPLQJFRQWHWV+RZHYHUQRWDOOQDPLQJFRQWHWVFDQEHQDPHGIURPDQSDUWLFXODUQDPLQJ FRQWHW)LJXUHVKRZVDQHDPSOHRIKRZQDPLQJFRQWHWVUHODWHQDPHVWRHQWLWLHV,62,( 7G FRQWHW FRQWHW (QWLWLHV 1DPLQJ&RQWHW 6HWRI7DUJHW(QWLWLHV7(V 1DPLQJ5HODWLRQVKLS 1DPH6SDFH16 7HUPVVRPHDUHQDPHV )LJ
27、XUH(DPSOHRIQDPLQJFRQWHWV DEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ ( S 7( 16 ( T ( U ( V 7( ( Y ( X DEF ( Q ,QWKHHDPSOHLQ)LJXUHWKHUHDUHWZRQDPLQJFRQWHWVHDFKDVVRFLDWHGZLWK DVHW7( 7( RIWDUJHWHQWLWLHV7KHWDUJHWHQWLWLHVLQ7( DUH(S(T(U(XDQG(YWKHWDUJHW HQWLWLHVLQ7( DUH(V(U(XDQG(Y D1DPH6SDFH16JHQHUDWHGEWKHVPDOOOHWWHUVRIWKH5RPD
28、Q$OSKDEHWDQGVKDUHGEERWKFRQWHWV DVHWRIUHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQQDPHVDQGHQWLWLHV7KHHQWLW(XLVDFRQWHWZLWKUHODWLRQVKLSVRIWKH QDPHDZLWK(TQZLWK(UDQGJZLWK(Y7KHHQWLW(YLVDFRQWHWZLWKUHODWLRQVKLSVRIWKHQDPHK ZLWK(XQZLWK(VDQGZLWK(U+RZHYHUEHFDXVHRIWKHUHODWLRQVKLSRIDQDPHZLWKWKHQDPLQJ FRQWHWHQWLWLWVHOIJZLWK(YDQGKZLWK(XFR
29、QWHWUHODWLYHQDPHVRIHQWLWLHVDUHSRVVLEOH7KXV(TLQ 7( FDQEHQDPHGKDIURPWKHFRQWHW(YDQG(VLQ7( FDQEHQDPHGJQIURPWKHFRQWHW(X$Q HQWLWWKDWLVLQERWK7( DQG7( HJ(UFDQEHQDPHGHLWKHUGLUHFWORUZLWKDFRQWHWUHODWLYHQDPH 7DEOHVKRZVKRZWKHQDPHVIRUWKHHQWLWLHVYDUZLWKWKHQDPLQJFRQWHWLQZKLFKWKHQDPHVDUHUHVROYHG7KH VHSDUDWRUVQWDWKHF
30、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
