1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 Information technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL) Part 11: Schema associationBS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 BRITISH STANDARD National forew
2、ord This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/41, Document description and processing language. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secr
3、etary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 71810 6 ICS 35.240.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was
4、 published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2011. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011Reference number ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19757-11 First edition 2011-11-01 Info
5、rmation technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL) Part 11: Schema association Technologies de linformation Langages de dfinition de schma de documents (DSDL) Partie 11: Association de schmas BS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2011 All
6、rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of
7、 the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved i
8、iiContents Foreword . iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Conformance requirements 1 4 The xml-model processing instruction 2 Annex A (informative) Examples . 4 Annex B (informative) Suggested use of schematypens for determining schema language . 5 BS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 ISO
9、/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) iv ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in
10、the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-
11、governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main t
12、ask of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting
13、a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 19757-11 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information
14、 technology, Subcommittee SC 34, Document description and processing languages. ISO/IEC 19757 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL): Part 1: Overview Technical Report Part 2: Regular-grammar-based validation RELAX
15、NG Part 3: Rule-based validation Schematron Part 4: Namespace-based Validation Dispatching Language (NVDL) Part 5: Extensible Datatypes Part 7: Character Repertoire Description Language (CREPDL) Part 8: Document Semantics Renaming Language (DSRL) Part 9: Namespace and datatype declaration in Documen
16、t Type Definitions (DTDs) Part 11: Schema association BS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction There are several document schema definition languages in common use today that can be used to specify one or more validation processes performed aga
17、inst Extensible Markup Language (XML) documents. Some schema languages provide their own syntax for associating schemas with documents (DTD, W3C XML Schema) and some languages (RELAX NG, Schematron) do not provide schema association mechanisms at all. The purpose of this part of ISO/IEC 19757 is to
18、define a common, schema-agnostic syntax for associating schema documents written in any schema definition language with a given XML document. This part of ISO/IEC 19757 defines the syntax and processing expectations for an xml-model processing instruction. Such processing instructions associate one
19、or more schemas with the XML document in which they are present. The associated schemas may be written in any schema definition language. Applications can use the associated schemas for any purpose including those such as document validation, content completion in interactive editors, or creating mo
20、dels for data binding. Presence of an xml-model processing instruction is not in itself an instruction to any processor to validate the document, nor is it a statement that the document is not to be processed without validation. It is a declarative statement of a relationship between the document an
21、d one or more external schemas. This part of ISO/IEC 19757 does not prescribe what, if anything, an application does with an xml-model processing instruction. The presence of an xml-model processing instruction referencing a Document Type Definition (DTD) does not affect the validity of the document
22、 which contains it. This part of ISO/IEC 19757 is not meant as a replacement for other technologies that provide more general and indirect schema association features like Namespace-based Validation Dispatching Language (NVDL) and XProc. This part of ISO/IEC 19757 is complementary technology which c
23、an be used when it is necessary to store ad hoc schema associations directly inside an XML document. The technical content of this part of ISO/IEC 19757 has been developed jointly with W3C. It is expected to be identical to that of W3Cs Associating Schemas with XML documents 1.0. BS ISO/IEC 19757-11
24、:2011BS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 1Information technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL) Part 11: Schema association 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 19757 allows schemas using any schema definition language to be
25、associated with an XML document by including one or more processing instructions with a target of xml-model in the documents prolog. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
26、 For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ASSOCSS Associating Style Sheets with XML documents 1.0 (Second Edition). W3C, 28 October 2010. Available at IANACHARSET Character Sets, IANA, May 2007. Available at ISO/IEC 19757-3 ISO/IEC 197
27、57-3:2006, Information technology Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL) Part 3: Rule-based validation Schematron IETF RFC3987 Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs), M. Drst, M. Suignard. IETF, January 2005. Available at XML Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth Edition), T. Bray,
28、 J. Paoli, C. Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, F. Yergeau. W3C, November 2008. Available at 3 Conformance requirements All diagrams, examples, and notes in this part of ISO/IEC 19757 are non-normative, as are all sections explicitly marked non-normative. Everything else in this part of ISO/IEC 19757 is n
29、ormative. Documents A document is considered to conform to this part of ISO/IEC 19757 if it satisfies all criteria in this part of ISO/IEC 19757 that apply to documents. xml-model processors XML defines an application as a software module which receives the information content of an XML document fro
30、m an XML processor. An xml-model processor is such an application which processes XML processing instructions in accordance with this part of ISO/IEC 19757. BS ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011 ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reservedAn xml-model processor may be part of a larger XML applicat
31、ion, or may function independently. In either case, an application is the consumer of the pseudo-attribute information defined in this part of ISO/IEC 19757. An xml-model processor is considered to be a conforming xml-model processor if it satisfies all criteria in this part of ISO/IEC 19757 that ap
32、ply to xml-model processors; xml-model processors do not have to check or enforce any of the constraints on documents. This part of ISO/IEC 19757 is defined with reference to the vocabulary for XML provided by the XML Information Set as well as the rules for parsing pseudo-attributes from a string a
33、s defined in the Associating Style Sheets with XML documents Recommendation ASSOCSS. The productions in this part of ISO/IEC 19757 use the same notation as used in the XML Recommendation. Tokens in the grammar and terms used in this part of ISO/IEC 19757 that are not defined in this part of ISO/IEC
34、19757 are defined in the XML Recommendation XML or the Associating Style Sheets ASSOCSS Recommendation. 4 The xml-model processing instruction A processing instruction information item is said to be a potential xml-model processing instruction if it has the target property xml-model and it is in the
35、 children property of a document information item and appears before the element information item of the document information items children property. For such potential xml-model processing instructions, xml-model processors shall report to the application the parsing result of invoking the rules f
36、or parsing pseudo-attributes from a string, using the processing instruction information items content property as the string. A potential xml-model processing instruction is said to be an xml-model processing instruction if the parsing result is not an error when invoking the rules for parsing pseu
37、do-attributes from a string, using the processing instruction information items content property as the string. Documents shall not contain processing instruction information items with the target property xml-model that are not xml-model processing instructions. An xml-model processor shall process
38、 all xml-model processing instructions properly and shall pass on to the application the full parsing result for each xml-model processing instruction. An xml-model processing instruction shall match the following production: XmlModelPI := “ Char*) “?“ Documents may specify the following pseudo-attr
39、ibutes on xml-model processing instructions, unless otherwise stated: href Specifies the location of the referenced schema. Documents shall specify this pseudo-attribute. Documents shall set the value to a string that matches the grammar for given in RFC 3987 RFC3987. type Specifies the content type
40、 of the referenced schema. If unspecified, the xml-model processor should return a parsing result that would be identical to that when the value is given as application/xml. The value of this pseudo-attribute is advisory in that it is intended to be used by an application only when no other source o
41、f media type information becomes available during retrieval of the schema itself. schematypens Specifies the namespace name of the schema language in which the referenced schema is written. The application can use this value when determining whether it can make use of the referenced schema. BS ISO/I
42、EC 19757-11:2011 ISO/IEC 19757-11:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 3. charset Specifies the character encoding for the referenced schema. If specified, documents shall set the value to a valid character encoding name, which shall be the name or alias labeled as “preferred MIME name“ in the I
43、ANA Character Sets registry, if there is one, or the encodings name, if none of the aliases are so labeled IANACHARSET title Gives the title (or other human readable description) of the referenced schema. If specified, documents may use any string as the value. group If, for any xml-model processing
44、 instruction, its group pseudo-attribute has a non-empty value, special rules for associating schemas apply as follows: 1. By default only schemas which do not have a group pseudo-attribute specified or schemas which have an empty value in the group pseudo-attribute on the corresponding xml-model pr
45、ocessing instruction are treated as being associated with XML document. 2. An application may provide an interface for specifying a group name. If the group name is specified, only schemas which have the same value specified in the group pseudo-attribute on the corresponding xml-model processing ins
46、truction are considered to be associated with the XML document. phase Gives the phase name of the validation function for use with a Schematron schema. If specified, documents may use any string as the value. If specified, the xml-model processor should include this information in the parsing result
47、 (regardless of the language of the associated schema). If the associated schema is a Schematron schema, and the parsing result includes the phase pseudo- attribute, then the application is expected to use the value of this pseudo-attribute as the phase name of the validation function (see ISO/IEC 1
48、9757-3:2006, 6.1 ISO/IEC 19757-3). To allow for extensibility, documents may specify other pseudo-attributes on xml-model processing instructions. This part of ISO/IEC 19757 provides a way to associate multiple schemas with a given XML document. Furthermore, there exist other ways certain schemas ca
49、n be associated with a given XML document. Regardless of the association method, this part of ISO/IEC 19757 does not prescribe the processing order when multiple schemas are associated with a given XML document. In particular, this part of ISO/IEC 19757 does not define the interaction of xml-model processing instructions with xsi:schemaLocation and xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation attributes which provide hints for locating schema in W3C XML Schema. Applications sup
