1、BSI Standards Publication Software and systems engineering Tools and methods for product line technical management BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 26555:2015. It supersedes BS ISO/IEC 26555:2013 which is withdrawn. The UK participation
2、 in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/15, Software and systems engineering. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are res
3、ponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 91404 1 ICS 35.080 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Sta
4、ndards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2015. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015Software and systems engineering Tools and methods for product line technical management Ingnierie du logiciel et des systmes Outils et mt
5、hodes pour le management technique des gammes de produits INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 26555 Reference number ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E) Second edition 2015-12-01 ISO/IEC 2015 BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland A
6、ll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested
7、from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E) BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 ISO/IEC 2
8、6555:2015(E)Foreword vi Introduction vii 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Reference model for product line technical management 2 5 Process management . 6 5.1 Applying process enabling processes for product lines 7 5.1.1 Establish process management group 7 5.1.2 A
9、lign resources for process definition and improvements . 8 5.1.3 Govern process definition and improvement . 9 5.1.4 Prepare process management and improvement . 9 5.2 Domain engineering process definition .10 5.2.1 Define domain engineering processes .10 5.2.2 Validate domain engineering processes
10、.11 5.2.3 Deploy the domain engineering processes 11 5.3 Application engineering process definition 12 5.3.1 Define application engineering processes 12 5.3.2 Validate the conformance of application engineering processes with domain engineering processes .13 5.3.3 Deploy the application engineering
11、processes .14 5.4 Applying process monitoring and control for product lines 14 5.4.1 Plan for process monitoring and control .15 5.4.2 Define process performance measures .15 5.4.3 Measure and manage process performance .16 5.4.4 Coordinate processes for improving reusability .16 5.5 Applying proces
12、s improvement for product lines .17 5.5.1 Assess processes .17 5.5.2 Estimate the impact of changes on processes .18 5.5.3 Plan process improvement 18 5.5.4 Implement process improvements .19 5.5.5 Evaluate process improvement 19 6 Variability management 20 6.1 Variability modelling 21 6.1.1 Establi
13、sh variability modeling policy 21 6.1.2 Collect variability information 22 6.1.3 Verify variability models 23 6.1.4 Share and maintain variability models 23 6.2 Variability mechanism .23 6.2.1 Establish variability mechanism management policy 24 6.2.2 Operate variability mechanisms24 6.2.3 Support v
14、ariability mechanisms operation .25 6.3 Variability documentation .25 6.3.1 Establish policies for variability documentation 26 6.3.2 Collect annotations of variability models 26 6.3.3 Validate the variability documentation .26 6.4 Variability binding.27 6.4.1 Establish binding policy .27 6.4.2 Guid
15、e trade-offs analysis among alternatives of binding time 27 6.4.3 Guide binding time decision .28 6.4.4 Maintain binding information .28 6.5 Variability tracing 29 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents Page BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E)6.5.1 Establish policies for traceability
16、management of variability models .29 6.5.2 Define links between variability model and domain assets 30 6.5.3 Manage the changes of the defined trace links .30 6.6 Variability control and evolution30 6.6.1 Identify and analyse the evolution needs of variants 31 6.6.2 Add or remove variants.31 6.6.3 A
17、dd or remove dependencies and constraints .32 6.6.4 Change binding time 32 6.6.5 Maintain the affected traceabilities 33 6.6.6 Provide feedback for variabilities and the variability evolution process 33 7 Asset Management .33 7.1 Asset identification .34 7.1.1 Set up and maintain organizational poli
18、cies for managing assets .35 7.1.2 Identity asset candidates .35 7.1.3 Estimate efforts necessary to create, reuse, and update domain assets .35 7.1.4 Determine assets 36 7.1.5 Elicit information necessary to reuse assets 36 7.2 Asset base implementation .37 7.2.1 Establish the mining (retrieval) me
19、chanism for assets .37 7.2.2 Define and implement the CRUD method for assets 38 7.2.3 Establish asset base 38 7.2.4 Evaluate asset base .39 7.3 Asset validation .39 7.3.1 Review the selected assets .40 7.3.2 Review asset configurations .40 7.3.3 Create and release baselines of assets .40 7.4 Asset e
20、volution (including change management) .41 7.4.1 Manage asset changes 41 7.4.2 Maintain traceability of assets 42 7.4.3 Manage feedback and take appropriate evolution actions .42 7.4.4 Transform the existing assets into assets to rehabilitate asset base .43 7.4.5 Dispose assets from asset base 43 8
21、Support management .43 8.1 Technical quality management 44 8.1.1 Establish technical quality management policy 45 8.1.2 Establish and maintain criteria for quality assurance .45 8.1.3 Perform quality assurance according to criteria .45 8.1.4 Communicate and ensure resolution of noncompliance issues
22、.46 8.2 Configuration management 46 8.2.1 Identify configurations of member products .47 8.2.2 Establish configuration tree for a product line .48 8.2.3 Manage configuration of variability in space .49 8.3 Decision management .49 8.3.1 Establish decision management policy .50 8.3.2 Tailor decision p
23、rocedure .51 8.3.3 Guide the decision execution .51 8.3.4 Learn from execution results .51 8.4 Technical risk management 52 8.4.1 Identify technical risks 52 8.4.2 Assess technical risks .52 8.4.3 Develop technical risk mitigation plans53 8.4.4 Activate the mitigation plan 53 8.5 Tool management 54
24、8.5.1 Identify needs for tool management54 8.5.2 Select and adapt tools .55 8.5.3 Set up and maintain tools 55 Annex A (informative) Technical management and technical readiness levels (TRL) 56 iv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E)Annex B (informative) Relat
25、ionship with ISO/IEC 12207 processes .57 Annex C (informative) Construct for process, method, tool, and aspect 60 Bibliography .61 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved v BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the Internation
26、al Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields o
27、f technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint
28、 technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document wa
29、s drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
30、such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and
31、does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary inf
32、ormation The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 7, Systems and software engineering. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 26555:2013), of which it constitutes a minor revision.vi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights res
33、erved BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E) Introduction The major purpose of this International Standard is to deal with the capabilities of tools and methods of software and systems product line (SSPL) Technical Management. This International Standard defines how the tools and methods can su
34、pport for the software and systems product line-specific technical management processes. Since product lines deal with multiple products that have similarities, product lines have an unprecedented level of technical management complexities. This arises from the following sources: There are inherent
35、differences in technical considerations because there are parallel development processes, domain and application engineering, in a product line and the two processes are tightly related with each other around assets. The close relationships among domain engineering, application engineering, and asse
36、ts require the highly matured managerial capabilities for addressing relationships among them. There are lack of tools and methods to support the product line-specific technical management. Technical management provides management support for a timely and proper deployment of product line in balance
37、 with pre-defined product line objectives such as reusability, reducing cost, improving quality, etc., as well as its planned cost, schedule, and resources. Technical management addresses actual means used to support, monitor, and control the activities of both domain engineering and application eng
38、ineering of a product line. There are needs for defining product line-specific technical management processes that integrate the involved product line disciplines with those for a single product. Furthermore, support of tools and methods are required so that a product line organization can perform t
39、echnical management under the systematic control of complexities. This International Standard addresses the product line-specific processes in technical management by dividing those into process management, variability management, asset management, and support management areas with the guidance of a
40、 set of tools and methods capabilities for supporting tasks for product line technical management. This International Standard is intended to benefit people who acquire, supply, develop, operate, and maintain tools and methods for product line technical management. This International Standard can be
41、 used in one or more of the following modes: By an organization intended to implement product linesto understand, adopt, and enact the processes, tools, and methods for product line technical management. This also helps the organization to evaluate and select relevant tools and methods based on busi
42、ness and user-related criteria. By a tool vendor who facilitates or leverages product line engineering practicesto provide a set of tool capabilities that should be embodied in a tool for supporting product line technical management. ISO/IEC 26550 addresses both engineering and management processes
43、and covers the key characteristics of product line development. ISO/IEC 26550 provides an overview of the consecutive international standards (i.e. ISO/IEC 26551 to ISO/IEC 26556), as well as the structure of the model: Processes and capabilities of methods and tools for product line scoping, domain
44、 requirements engineering, and application requirements engineering are provided as ISO/IEC 26551. Processes and capabilities of methods and tools for domain design and application design are provided as ISO/IEC 26552. Processes and capabilities of methods and tools for domain realization and applic
45、ation realization are provided as ISO/IEC 26553. Processes and capabilities of methods and tools for domain verification and validation and application verification and validation are provided in ISO/IEC 26554. Processes and capabilities of methods and tools for technical management are provided in
46、this International Standard. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved vii BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E) Processes and capabilities of methods and tools for organizational management are provided in this International Standard.viii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved BS ISO/IEC 26555:2015 INTERNAT
47、IONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 26555:2015(E) Software and systems engineering Tools and methods for product line technical management 1 Scope This International Standard deals with the tools and methods of technical management for software products, software services, software-intensive systems (including
48、System Architecture and excluding hardware) within a product line. The scope of this International Standard is as follows: Enable the users of this standard to holistically understand, adopt, and enact the processes, tools, and methods for product line technical management. In addition, this Interna
49、tional Standard helps the users evaluate and select relevant tools and methods based on business and user-related criteria. Help product line engineers, developers, and tool vendors become informed about capabilities of tools and methods that are required for supporting product line implementation from technical aspects. Provide product line-specific processes and capabilities of tools and methods in technical management. This International Standard does not concern processes and capabilities of tools and metho
