1、Guide to Presenting Reinforcing Steel Design Details Reported by Joint ACI-CRSI Committee 315 ACI 315R-18First Printing January 2018 ISBN: 978-1-945487-96-5 Guide to Presenting Reinforcing Steel Design Details Copyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. T
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11、 ACI Collection of Concrete Codes, Specifications, and Practices. American Concrete Institute 38800 Country Club Drive Farmington Hills, MI 48331 Phone: +1.248.848.3700 Fax: +1.248.848.3701 www.concrete.orgThis document guides designers of concrete structures how to determine information and design
12、details that are required to prepare reinforcing steel fabrication details and placing drawings. The guide stresses the importance of this information to ensure that the reinforcing steel detailer effectively and accurately captures the intent of the designer, presenting it in a manner that is clear
13、 and unambiguous to the reinforcing steel fabricator and placer . Recom- mendations are also provided concerning the review of placing drawings. Keywords: concrete structures; design details; detailing; engineering drawings; fabrication details; placing drawings; reinforcement; reinforcing steel; to
14、lerances. CONTENTS CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE, p. 2 1.1Introduction, p. 2 1.2Scope, p. 2 CHAPTER 2NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS, p. 2 2.1Notation, p. 2 2.2Definitions, p. 2 CHAPTER 3GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS, p. 2 3.1Building information modeling (BIM), p. 2 3.2Tolerance considerations, p. 4 3.3General
15、 cautions, p. 11 3.4Drawing types and purposes, p. 12 CHAPTER 4STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS, p. 12 4.1Scope, p. 12 4.2General, p. 12 4.3Order of sheets, p. 13 4.4General notes sheets, p. 13 4.5Plan sheets, p. 20 4.6Elevation sheets, p. 22 4.7Section sheets, p. 23 4.8Large-scale view sheets, p. 23 4.9Detail s
16、heets, p. 24 4.10Schedule and diagram sheets, p. 26 4.11Foundation sheets and schedules, p. 31 4.12User-defined sheets, p. 32 4.13Three-dimensional representations, p. 32 CHAPTER 5DESIGNING FOR CONSTRUCTABILITY, p. 32 5.1Defining requirements for concrete cover, clearance, development, and splices,
17、p. 33 5.2Defining bar placing configuration, p. 33 5.3Foundations, p. 34 5.4Walls, p. 36 5.5Columns, p. 40 5.6Beams, p. 42 Richard H. Birley, Chair Anthony L. Felder, Secretary ACI 315R-18 Guide to Presenting Reinforcing Steel Design Details Reported by Joint ACI-CRSI Committee 315 Mark Douglas Agee
18、 Gregory P. Birley David H. DeValve Grant Doherty Pedro Estrada David A. Grundler Jr. Robert W. Hall Todd R. Hawkinson Dennis L. Hunter David W. Johnston William M. Klorman Javed B. Malik Christopher J. Perry Peter Zdgiebloski Consulting Member Dale Rinehart ACI Committee Reports, Guides, and Commen
19、taries are intended for guidance in planning, designing, executing, and inspecting construction. This document is intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for the applicati
20、on of the material it contains. The American Concrete Institute disclaims any and all responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom. Reference to this document shall not be made in contract documents. If items found in this docum
21、ent are desired by the Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents, they shall be restated in mandatory language for incorporation by the Architect/Engineer. ACI 315R-18 supersedes ACI 315-99 and was adopted and published January 2018. Copyright 2018, American Concrete Institute. All r
22、ights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic or mechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or
23、 device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. 15.7Slabs, p. 43 CHAPTER 6REVIEW OF PLACING DRAWINGS, p. 46 6.1Scope, p. 46 6.2Definition, p. 46 6.3Overview, p. 46 6.4Procedure, p. 46 6.5Review of placing drawings, p. 48 6.6Levels of approval, p. 49 CHAPTER 7REFEREN
24、CES, p. 49 Authored documents, p. 50 CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE 1.1Introduction The purpose of this document is to guide the licensed design professional (LDP) in determining the information a reinforcing steel detailer requires to properly prepare rein- forcing steel fabrication details and pl
25、acing drawings. Guid- ance to the LDP is provided on how to present that informa- tion on their structural drawings so that the design intent is effectively and accurately conveyed. The intent of this guide is to encourage clarity and consis- tency in reinforcing steel design details to help improve
26、 the quality and uniformity of steel reinforcement detailing, fabrication, and installation. It is intended to facilitate clear communication between LDPs, reinforcing steel detailers, fabricators, and placers by encouraging clear presentation of design details and information. Information presented
27、 is consistent with the requirements and recommendations of several ACI documents, including ACI 318, ACI 301, ACI 117, ACI 131.1R, and ACI 132R. 1.2Scope This guide provides general and specific information, as well as illustrative design details that are required for steel- reinforced concrete mem
28、bers such as slabs, beams, and columns. The importance of this information is emphasized to ensure that the reinforcing steel detailer effectively and accurately captures the intent of the LDP, and presents it in a manner that is clear and unambiguous to the reinforcing steel fabricator and placer.
29、Recommendations are also provided concerning the review of placing drawings by the LDP. CHAPTER 2NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS 2.1Notation A g= gross area of concrete section, in. 2(mm 2 ) where for a hollow section, A gis the area of the concrete only and does not include the area of the void(s) A st= t
30、otal area of nonprestressed longitudinal reinforce- ment, including bars or steel shapes and excluding prestressing reinforcement, in. 2(mm 2 ) b = width of member, in. (mm) d = distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of tension reinforcement, in. (mm) d agg= nominal maximum size of coar
31、se aggregate, in. (mm) d b= nominal diameter of bar or wire, in. (mm) f c = specified compressive strength of concrete, psi (MPa) f y= specified yield strength for nonprestressed rein- forcement, psi (MPa) h = overall thickness, height, or depth of member, in. (mm) d= development length in tension o
32、f deformed bar, deformed wire, or plain and deformed welded wire reinforcement, in. (mm) dh= development length in tension of deformed bar or deformed wire with a standard hook, measured from outside end of hook, point of tangency, toward critical section, in. (mm) ext= straight extension at the end
33、 of a standard hook, in. (mm) V u= factored shear force 2.2Definitions ACI provides a comprehensive list of definitions through an online resource, ACI Concrete Terminology. The defini- tions provided herein complement that resource. design detailsdrawings or other information presented by the licen
34、sed design professional (LDP) defining steel reinforcement sizes, locations, clearances, splices, geom- etry, points of termination, relationships, and tolerances. detailerperson, firm, or corporation producing the rein- forcing steel fabrication details and placing drawings based on the design draw
35、ings and design details for the structure. detailingthe process of determining fabrication details based on design details. fabrication detailsdimensions and geometry of steel reinforcement determined for fabrication. fabricatorperson, firm, or corporation producing the reinforcing steel cut and ben
36、t to needed dimensions and geometry. federated modela building information model (BIM) that electronically links, but does not merge, single-disci- pline models together for analysis or presentation; the model databases remain distinct and are not combined into a single database. placing drawingsdet
37、ailed drawings that give the quan- tity, size, dimensions, spacing, locations, and other informa- tion required for reinforcement fabrication and installation. CHAPTER 3GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 3.1Building information modeling (BIM) 3.1.1 Introduction to BIMBuilding information modeling is a three-dim
38、ensional process used to generate and manage digital models of buildings and other structures. This process is used by those who plan, design, and build structures, as well as those who manage these facilities. The process involves creating and maintaining intelligent models with attributes that rep
39、resent characteristics of a facility and contain parametric data about the elements within the model. Many software packages exist that fall within the definition American Concrete Institute Copyrighted Material www.concrete.org 2 GUIDE TO PRESENTING REINFORCING STEEL DESIGN DETAILS (ACI 315.1R-18)o
40、f BIM; each of these have distinct advantages to varying elements of the life cycle of a facility, from its design to construction through operation. Although the focus of most BIM discussions center on the three-dimensional virtual model, the parametric data is of equal importance. The following is
41、 from the National BIM Standard-United States (NBIMS-US 2015): Building Information Model: Is the DIGITAL REPRESENTATION of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility, forming a reliable basis for decisions
42、 during its life cycle from inception onwards. In general, what makes BIM different than simple three- dimensional modeling is more information; not only is it a virtual mockup of a structure, but also a relational database of information. A building information model is applied to the details of co
43、ncrete reinforcement in the design and construction phases of a structure. In the design phase, BIM is often used by the design team to define the physical characteristics of the concrete to be reinforced by defining concrete edges in phys- ical space, and reinforcement information using either data
44、 within the concrete elements or physical representations of the reinforcement. During the construction phase, concrete geometry is often further developed to the level required for construction, and reinforcement is defined to a level from which it can be fabricated and installed. The definition of
45、 the level of modeling, which is known as the Level of Develop- ment (LOD), is a key concept described as follows. 3.1.2 Level of DevelopmentThe content and reliability of a BIM is defined by an industry standard referred to as the Level of Development (LOD). The American Institute of Architects (AI
46、A) and BIMForum have developed an LOD specification (2016) to standardize these definitions. The specification enables BIM stakeholders to specify and discuss with precision the content and reliability of models at different stages of the design and construction process. The LOD speci- fication inco
47、rporates the AIA definition from the AIA G202 - 2013 form and is organized in The Construction Specifica- tions Institute (CSI) UniFormat (2010), which defines the important properties of model elements at various levels of development. This establishes a framework that allows model creators and use
48、rs to establish reliable uses for the model. The intent of the specification is strictly to facilitate communi - cation; it does not establish or prescribe what LOD is to be attained at any specific point in the project. For example, in the construction phase, the concrete geom- etry is defined to a
49、 construction level of at least LOD 300 or 350, and the reinforcement is defined to LOD 350 to 400 to assure proper fabrication and placement (CSI UniFormat 2010). Many structural design models produced are not able to provide this level of detail for reinforcing steel. 3.1.3 Benefits and challenges of BIMThe technology of building construction and the preparation of documents for construction is rapidly evolving. All stakeholders should be aware of the potential benefits and wary of potential chal- lenges in usi
