1、 MARK 2AIRBORNE VOR RECEIVERARINC CHARACTERISTIC 711-10PUBLISHED: JANUARY 31, 2002AN DOCUMENTPrepared byAIRLINES ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING COMMITTEEPublished byAERONAUTICAL RADIO, INC.2551 RIVA ROAD, ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND 21401This document is based on material submitted by variousparticipants during the
2、 drafting process. Neither AEEC nor ARINChas made any determination whether these materials could besubject to claims of patent or other proprietary rights by thirdparties, and no representation or warranty, express or implied, ismade in this regard. Any use of or reliance on this document shallcons
3、titute an acceptance hereof “as is” and be subject to thisdisclaimer.Copyright 2002 byAERONAUTICAL RADIO, INC.2551 Riva RoadAnnapolis, Maryland 21401-7465ARINC CHARACTERISTIC 711-10MARK 2 AIRBORNE VOR RECEIVERPublished: January 31, 2002Prepared by the Airlines Electronic Engineering CommitteeCharact
4、eristic 711 Adopted by the Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee: May 3, 1978Characteristic 711-1 Adopted by the Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee: December 7, 1978Characteristic 711-1 Adopted by Industry: March 23, 1979Summary of Document SupplementsSupplement Adoption Date PublishedCha
5、racteristic 711-2 August 31, 1979 October 19, 1979Characteristic 711-3 June 19, 1980 August 29, 1980Characteristic 711-4 March 12, 1981 April 10. 1981Characteristic 711-5 December 10, 1981 February 12, 1982Characteristic 711-6 November 4, 1982 March 4, 1983Characteristic 711-7 October 12, 1983 Decem
6、ber 5, 1983Characteristic 711-8 November 7, 1985 December 24, 1986Characteristic 711-9 May 19, 1988 April 15, 1994Characteristic 711-10 December 11, 2001 January 31, 2002A description of the changes introduced by each supplement is included on goldenrod paper at the end of this document.FOREWORDActi
7、vities of AERONAUTICAL RADIO, INC. (ARINC)and thePurpose of ARINC CharacteristicsAeronautical Radio, Inc. is a corporation in which the United States scheduled airlines arethe principal stockholders. Other stockholders include a variety of other air transport companies,aircraft manufacturers and non
8、-U.S. airlines.Activities of ARINC include the operation of an extensive system of domestic andoverseas aeronautical land radio stations, the fulfillment of systems requirements to accomplishground and airborne compatibility, the allocation and assignment of frequencies to meet thoseneeds, the coord
9、ination incident to standard airborne compatibility, the allocation and assignmentof frequencies to meet those needs, the coordination incident to standard airbornecommunications and electronics systems and the exchange of technical information. ARINCsponsors the Airlines Electronic Engineering Comm
10、ittee (AEEC), composed of airline technicalpersonnel. The AEEC formulates standards for electronic equipment and systems for the airlines.The establishment of Equipment Characteristics is a principal function of this Committee.An ARINC Equipment Characteristic is finalized after investigation and co
11、ordinationwith the airlines who have a requirement or anticipate a requirement, with other aircraftoperators, with the Military services having similar requirements, and with the equipmentmanufacturers. It is released as an ARINC Equipment Characteristic only when the interestedairline companies are
12、 in general agreement. Such a release does not commit any airline orARINC to purchase equipment so described nor does it establish or indicate recognition of theexistence of an operational requirement for such equipment, not does it constitute endorsement ofany manufacturers product designed or buil
13、t to meet the Characteristic. An ARINCCharacteristic has a twofold purpose, which is:(1) To indicate to the prospective manufacturers of airline electronic equipment theconsidered opinion of the airline technical people, coordinated on an industrybasis, concerning requisites of new equipment, and(2)
14、 To channel new equipment designs in a direction which can result in themaximum possible standardization of those physical and electrical characteristicswhich influence interchangeability of equipment without seriously hamperingengineering initiative.iiARINC CHARACTERISTIC 711TABLE OF CONTENTSITEM S
15、UBJECT PAGEiii1.0 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION 11.1 Purpose of this Characteristic 11.2 Functions of the Equipment 11.3 Unit Description 11.3.1 Receiver Unit 11.3.2 Frequency Control 11.3.3 Antennas 11.4 Interchangeability 11.4.1 General 11.4.2 Interchangeability Desired for the ARINC 711 VOR Receiv
16、er 11.4.3 “Generation Interchangeability” Considerations 11.5 Regulatory Approval 12.0 INTERCHANGEABILITY STANDARDS 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Form Factors, Connectors, and Index Pin Coding 22.2.1 Receiver Unit 22.2.2 “Standard Control Panel” 22.2.3 Antennas 22.3 Standard Interwiring 22.4 Power Circuitr
17、y 32.4.1 Primary Power Input 32.4.2 Power Control Circuitry 32.4.3 The AC Common Cold 32.4.4 The Common Ground 32.5 Standard Outputs 32.6 Environmental Conditions 32.7 Cooling 32.8 Ground and Bonding 33.0 VOR RECEIVER DESIGN 43.1 VOR Receiver 43.1.1 Frequency Range and Channeling 43.1.2 Frequency Se
18、lection 43.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity-Aural Reception 43.1.4 Receiver Sensitivity-Navigation Operation 43.1.5 Selectivity 43.1.6 Undesired Responses 43.1.7 Cross Modulation 53.1.7.1 Cross Modulation in Band 53.1.7.2 Cross Modulation Out of Band 53.1.8 VOR Receiver Performance in the Presence of VHFCom
19、munications Transmissions 53.1.9 Automatic Gain Control 53.1.10 Desensitization and Interference Rejection 53.1.10.1 AGC Versus Pulse Interference 53.1.10.2 Pulse Noise Output 63.1.10.3 Out-of-Band FM Broadcast Intermodulation Interference 63.1.10.4 Out-of-Band FM Broadcast Desensitization Interfere
20、nce 63.1.11 Adjacent Channel Signal Protection 63.2 VOR Receiver Aural Output 63.2.1 Gain 63.2.2 Audio Output Level Variation with Load Impedance 63.2.3 Audio Frequency Response 63.2.4 Harmonic Distortion 73.2.5 Audio Output Service Adjustment 73.2.6 Audio Phase Shift 73.2.7 Audio Source Impedance 7
21、3.3 VOR Receiver Outputs 73.3.1 Digital Omnibearing Accuracy 83.3.2 Variable Conditions 83.3.3 Data Lag 8ARINC CHARACTERISTIC 711TABLE OF CONTENTSITEM SUBJECT PAGEiv3.4 Monitoring 83.4.1 Input Signal Monitoring 83.4.2 Failure Monitoring 83.4.3 Failure Warning Annunciation 83.5 Functional Test 94.0 A
22、NTENNAS 104.1 VOR Antenna 104.2 VOR Antenna Transmission Line Considerations 104.3 Marker Beacon Antenna 105.0 PROVISIONS FOR AUTOMATIC TEST EQUIPMENT 115.1 General 115.2 Unit Identification 115.2.1 Pin Allocation 115.2.2 Use of ATLAS Language 116.0 MARKER BEACON RECEIVER DESIGN 126.1 General 126.2
23、Operating Frequency 126.3 Receiver Sensitivity 126.3.1 Receiver Threshold 126.3.2 Threshold Operating Differential (Hysteresis) 126.3.3 Receiver Threshold Service Adjustment 126.4 Selectivity 126.5 Undesired Responses 126.6 Cross Modulation 126.7 Automatic Gain Control 136.8 Receiver Input Impedance
24、 136.9 Marker Beacon Receiver Audio Output 136.9.1 Gain 136.9.2 Audio Output Level Variation with Load Impedance 136.9.3 Audio Frequency Response 136.9.4 Noise and Distortion 136.9.5 Audio Output Service Adjustment 136.10 Marker Beacon Annunciator Actuation Outputs 136.10.1 Discrete Outputs 136.10.2
25、 Digital Output 136.11 Marker Beacon Receiver Function Inhibit 146.12 Functional Test 147.0 BUILT-IN TEST EQUIPMENT (BITE) 157.1 Built-In Test Equipment (BITE) 157.2 BITE Display 157.3 Fault Monitor 157.4 Self-Test Initiation 157.5 Monitor Memory Output 15ATTACHMENTS1 Receiver Unit Connector Positio
26、ning 172 Standard Interwiring 18Notes Applicable to the Standard Interwiring 20VOR Receiver Connector Layout (Middle Insert) 22VOR Receiver Connector Layout (Bottom Insert) 223 Digital Data Standards 234 Background Material on the Specification of VOR Receiver CrossModulation Performance 255 Environ
27、mental Test Categories 286 VOR Navigation Nomenclatures 297 Assumed Out of Band FM Broadcast Interference Test Procedures 308 Typical Audio Output Test Procedures 31ARINC CHARACTERISTIC 711TABLE OF CONTENTSITEM SUBJECT PAGEvAPPENDIXESA Standard Control Panel 32B Excerpts from ICAO Annex 10 “Internat
28、ional Standards and RecommendedPractices Aeronautical Telecommunications” Relevant to VOR 33C U. S. National Aviation Standard for the VORTAC System 34D Chronology and Bibliography 37ARINC CHARACTERISTIC 711 - Page 11.0 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION1.1 Purpose of this CharacteristicThis document sets
29、 forth the desired characteristics of anew generation VOR receiver intended for installation inall types of commercial transport aircraft. The intent ofthis document is to provide general and specific designguidance for the development and installation of a VORreceiver primarily for airline use. It
30、will describe thedesired operational capability of the equipment and thestandards necessary to ensure interchangeability.Equipment manufacturers should note that this documentaims to encourage them to produce maintenance-free, highperformance equipment rather than that of minimumweight and dimension
31、s. They are at liberty to accomplishthis objective by means of design techniques they considerto be the most appropriate, as their airline customers areinterested primarily in the end result rather than the meansemployed to achieve it.1.2 Functions of the EquipmentThe functions of the VOR Receiver a
32、re:a. To receive and process VHF omnidirectional rangesignals in the frequency band 108.00 to 117.95 MHzto provide serial digital outputs of omnibearing, andb. To receive and process marker beacon transmissionson 75 MHz to provide outputs for annunciatingmarker beacon over-flight to the crew.1.3 Uni
33、t Description1.3.1 Receiver UnitThe receiver unit should house all of the components,electronic circuitry, etc., incident to the functioning of thesystem, including channel selection, the reception of RFenergy and the recovery of the information contained inthe received signals. The unit should also
34、 originate all ofthe VOR-related outputs defined in Chapter 3 and themarker-related outputs defined in Chapter 6.1.3.2 Frequency ControlManual frequency control of the VOR receiver should beaccomplished from a VHF NAV control panel, adedicated control panel, or the equivalent data inputfacility of a
35、 centralized radio systems management system.The VOR receiver should utilize the 2-wire serial digitalfrequency/function selection system defined in ARINCCharacteristic 720, as outlined in Section 3.1.2 of thisCharacteristic.1.3.3 AntennasThe VOR receiver should employ an antenna operatingover the f
36、requency range of 108 to 118 MHz for VORreception and an antenna operating at 75 MHz for markerbeacon reception. The reader is referred to Chapter 4 formore information on antennas.1.4 Interchangeability1.4.1 GeneralOne of the primary functions of an ARINC EquipmentCharacteristic is to designate, in
37、 addition to certainperformance parameters, the interchangeability desiredfor aircraft equipment produced by various manufacturers.Manufacturers are referred to Section 1.6 of ARINCReport 414 for the airline industrys definitions of Termsand General Requirements for interchangeability. Asexplained i
38、n that Report, the degree of interchangeabilityconsidered necessary and attainable for each particularequipment is specified in the pertinent ARINC EquipmentCharacteristic.1.4.2 Interchangeability Desired for the ARINC 711VOR ReceiverUnit interchangeability is desired for the receiver unitregardless
39、 of the manufacturing source. In recognition ofthe widely varying control unit designs used in the pastand expected in the future, unit interchangeability is notsought for the control unit. Control units should, however,conform to the electrical interface and digital signalstandards set forth in thi
40、s Characteristic.1.4.3 “Generation Interchangeability” ConsiderationsIn defining the equipment described in this Characteristic,the air transport industry has chosen to depart fromseveral of its previous VOR receiver standards. In orderto achieve the full benefit of the economies offered bythese cha
41、nges, the industry desires that no provisions bemade in this equipment for backward compatibility withearlier generations of equipment, for example, thatdescribed in ARINC Characteristic 579.Unchanged, however, is the industrys traditional desirethat future evolutionary equipment improvements and th
42、einclusion of additional functions in new equipmentsduring the next few years do not violate the interwiringand form factor standards set forth in this document.Provisions to ensure forward-looking “generationinterchangeability” (as best can be predicted) are includedin this document to guide manufa
43、cturers in futuredevelopments.1.5 Regulatory ApprovalThe equipment described in this document should meet allapplicable FAA regulatory requirements. This ARINCCharacteristic does not and cannot set forth the specificrequirements that an equipment must meet to be assuredof FAA approval. This informat
44、ion must be obtained fromthe FAA itself.c-2c-2c-2ARINC CHARACTERISTIC 711 - Page 22.0 INTERCHANGEABILITY STANDARDS2.1 IntroductionThis Section of this Characteristic sets forth the specificform factor, mounting provisions, interwiring, input andoutput interfaces, and power supply characteristics des
45、iredfor this VOR receiver.Manufacturers should note that although this ARINCCharacteristic does not preclude the use of other formfactors and interwiring features, the practical problem ofredesigning that will then be a standard aircraftinstallation to accommodate some special system couldvery well
46、make the use of that other design prohibitivelyexpensive for the customer. They should, therefore,recognize the practical advantages of developingequipment in accordance with the standards set forth inthis document.2.2 Form Factors, Connectors, and Index Pin Coding2.2.1 Receiver UnitThe VOR receiver
47、 should comply with the dimensionalstandards in ARINC Specification 600, “Air TransportAvionics Equipment Interfaces (NIC Phase 1),” for the3MCU form factor. The receiver should also comply withARINC 600 standards in respect of weight, rackingattachments, front and rear projections, and cooling.The
48、receiver should be provided with a low insertionforce, size 1 shell ARINC 600 service connector. Thisconnector, which should accommodate serviceinterconnections in its center insert (MP), automatic testequipment interconnections in its upper insert (TP), andcoaxial and power interconnections in its
49、lower insert(BP), should be located on the center grid of the receiversrear panel. Index pin code 02 should be used.The ATE interconnection insert (TP) will not be includedin the mating half of the connector installed in the aircraftsince ATE interconnections are employed in the benchtesting of the receiver only. This insert should be providedwith a protective cover to prevent contamination of thecontacts during the time the receiver is installed in theaircraft. Further guidance on the ATE interface will befound in Chapter 5 of this document.2.2.2 “Standard Control Panel”Frequency co
