1、The International Authority on Air System Components AIR MOVEMENT AND CONTROL ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL INC. ANSI/AMCA Standard 500-L-12 (Rev. 2015) Laboratory Methods of Testing Louvers for Rating An American National Standard Approved by ANSI on Dec. 3, 2015ANSI/AMCA Standard 500-L-12 (Rev. 2015)
2、Laboratory Methods of Testing Louvers for Rating Air Movement and Control Association International 30 W. University Drive Arlington Heights, Illinois 60004AMCA Publications Authority AMCA Standard 500-L (Rev. 2015) was adopted by the membership of the Air Movement and Control Association Internatio
3、nal Inc. on Oct. 28, 2015. It was approved by the American National Standards Institute on Dec.3, 2015. Copyright 2007 by Air Movement and Control Association International Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of any part of this work beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of
4、 the United States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to the executive direc- tor, Air Movement and Control Association International Inc. at 30 West University Drive, Arlington Heights, IL 60004
5、-1893 U.S. Objections Air Movement and Control Association International Inc. will consider and take action upon all written complaints regarding its standards, certification programs or interpretations thereof. For information on procedures for submitting and handling complaints, write to Air Movem
6、ent and Control Association International 30 West University Drive Arlington Heights, IL 60004-1893 U.S.A. AMCA International Incorporated European AMCA Avenue des Arts, numro 46 Bruxelles (1000 Bruxelles) Asia AMCA Sdn Bhd No. 7, Jalan SiLC 1/6, Kawasan Perindustrian SiLC Nusajaya, Mukim Jelutong,
7、79200 Nusajaya, Johor Malaysia Disclaimer AMCA uses its best efforts to produce publications for the benefit of the industry and the public in light of available information and accepted industry practices. However, AMCA does not guarantee, certify or assure the safety or performance of any products
8、, components or systems tested, designed, installed or operated in accordance with AMCA publications or that any tests conducted under its publications will be non-hazardous or free from risk.Review Committee Tim Fleitz Air Conditioning Products Co. Jacob Carr American Warming and Ventilating Ken Mo
9、yer Arrow United Industries Jeffrey Blake Construction Specialties Inc Alex Talwar Greenheck Fan Corp. Mike Steele Greenheck Fan Corp. Dustin Gagner Industrial Louvers Mike Astourian Metal Industries, Inc. Stoil Pamoukov Nailor Industries Peter Blaha PCI Industries Inc. Matt Remington Pottorff Marc
10、Hebert Price Industries Ltd. Matthew Joyce Price Industries Ltd. Dan Huber Ruskin Saad Ali Ruskin Titus Gulf LLC Dane Carey TAMCO Randal Geedey PCI Industries Inc. Chris Popoff Western Ventilation Products Ltd Tim Orris AMCA StaffRelated AMCA Documents AMCA Publication 501 Application Manual for Lou
11、vers AMCA Publication 511 Certified Ratings Program Product Rating Manual for Air Control Devices AMCA Publication 512 AMCA Listing Label Program ANSI/AMCA Standard 540 Test Method for Louvers Impacted by Wind Borne Debris ANSI/AMCA Standard 550 Test Method for High Velocity Wind Driven Rain Resista
12、nt Louvers Related Publications Related Standards1. Purpose .1 2. Scope.1 3. Definitions/Units of Measurement/Symbols .1 3.1 Definitions .1 3.2 Units of measure 3 3.3 Symbols and subscripts .3 4. Instruments and Methods of Measurement 3 4.1 Accuracy 4 3 4.2 Pressure.6 4.3 Airflow rate .7 4.4 Water f
13、low rate7 4.5 Torque 8 4.6 Air density .8 4.7 Voltage .8 4.8 Meters 8 4.9 Pneumatic actuator supply air pressure.8 4.10 Pressure gauges .8 4.11 Chronometers8 4.12 Rain gauge8 5. Equipment and Setups.9 5.1 Setups 9 5.2 Duct 9 5.3 Chamber 9 5.4 Variable supply and exhaust systems .10 5.5 Wind driven r
14、ain simulation equipment 10 5.6. Wind driven sand simulation equipment .11 6. Objective, Observations and Conduct of Test.11 6.1 Air performance-pressure drop test 11 6.2 Airflow leakage rate .13 6.3 Water penetration test .16 6.4 Wind driven rain test 18 6.5 Wind driven sand test .20 7. Calculation
15、s 22 7.1 Calibration correction 22 Contents7.2 Density and viscosity of air .22 7.3 Louver airflow rate at test conditions 22 7.4 Density correction 24 7.5 Air leakage/system leakage correction 25 Annex A Presentation of Air Performance Results for Rating Purposes (Informative) .54 Annex B Water Pen
16、etration Performance (Informative) 55 Annex C References (Informative)56 Annex D Simulated Rain Spray Nozzles (Normative).57 Annex E Water Eliminator Performance Test (Normative).58 Annex F Wind Driven Rain Performance (Informative) .59 Annex G Core Area Measurements (Normative) 60 Annex H Grading o
17、f the Sand Used for the Wind Driven Sand Test (Normative) 61ANSI/AMCA 500-L-12 (Rev. 2015) | 1 Laboratory Methods of Testing Louvers for Rating 1. Purpose The purpose of this standard is to establish uniform labora- tory test methods for louvers. Characteristics to be deter- mined include air leakag
18、e, pressure drop, water penetration, wind driven rain, wind driven sand and operational torque. It is not the purpose of this standard to establish minimum or maximum performance ratings. 2. Scope This standard may be used as a basis for testing louvers with air used as the test gas. Tests conducted
19、 in accordance with the requirements of this standard are intended to demonstrate the performance of a louver and are not intended to determine acceptability level of performance. It is not the scope of this standard to indi- cate actual sequences of testing, nor is it in its scope to specify minimu
20、m or maximum criteria for testing. The parties to a test for guarantee purposes may agree to exceptions to this standard in writing, prior to the test. However, only a test which does not violate any mandatory requirement of this standard shall be designated as a test conducted in accordance with th
21、is standard. 3. Definitions/Units of Measurement/Symbols 3.1 Definitions 3.1.1 Louver A device comprised of multiple blades that, when mounted in an opening, permits the flow of air but inhibits the entrance of other elements. 3.1.1.1 Fixed blade louver A louver in which the blades do not move. 3.1.
22、1.2 Adjustable blade louver A louver in which the blades may be operated either manu- ally or by mechanical means. 3.1.1.3 Combination louver A louver having both fixed and adjustable blades. 3.1.1.4 Sand louver A louver comprised of multiple blades that, when mounted in an opening, permits the flow
23、 of air while minimizing the ingress of airborne sand particles. 3.1.2 Free area The minimum area through which air can pass. For horizontal blade louvers, free area is determined by multiplying the sum of the minimum distances between intermediate blades, top blade and head, and bottom blade and si
24、ll by the minimum distance between jambs. For vertical blade louvers, free area is determined by multi- plying the sum of the minimum distances between interme- diate blades, left blade and left jamb, and right blade and right jamb by the minimum distance between head and sill. The percent of free a
25、rea is the free area thus calculated, divided by the gross area of the air control louver 100. See louver cross sections (Figure 1). 3.1.2.1 Free area velocity The airflow through a louver divided by its free area. 3.1.3 Face area and core area 3.1.3.1 Face area The total cross sectional area of a l
26、ouver, duct or wall opening. 3.1.3.1.1 Face area velocity The airflow through a louver divided by its face area. 3.1.3.2 Core area The product of the minimum height, H, and minimum width, W, of the front opening in the louver assembly with the louver blades removed (see Annex G). 3.1.3.2.1 Louver ca
27、libration plate A plate having an opening of the same geometric shape and dimensions as the core area of the test specimen. 3.1.3.2.2 Core area velocity The airflow rate through the louver divided by the core area. 3.1.3.2.3 Core ventilation rate The airflow rate through the core area of the louver.
28、 3.1.4 Psychrometrics 3.1.4.1 Dry-bulb temperature (t d ) The air temperature measured by a dry temperature sensor. 3.1.4.2 Wet-bulb temperature (t w ) The temperature measured by a temperature sensor covered by a water-moistened wick and exposed to air in 2 | ANSI/AMCA 500-L-12 (Rev. 2015) motion.
29、When properly measured, it is a close approxima- tion of the temperature of adiabatic saturation. 3.1.4.3 Wet-bulb depression The difference between dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures at the same location. 3.1.4.4 Stagnation (total) temperature (t t ) The temperature that exists by virtue of the int
30、ernal and kinetic energy of the air. If the air is at rest, the stagnation (total) temperature will equal the static temperature. 3.1.4.5 Static temperature (t s ) The temperature that exists by virtue of the internal energy of the air only. If a portion of the internal energy is converted into kine
31、tic energy, the static temperature will be decreased accordingly. 3.1.4.6 Air density ( r) The mass per unit volume of air. 3.1.4.7 Standard air Air with a density of 1.2 kg/m 3(0.075 lbm/ft 3 ), a ratio of specific heats of 1.4, and a viscosity of 1.8185 10 -5Pa-s (1.222 10 -5lbm/ft-s). Air at 20 C
32、 (68 F) temperature, 50% relative humidity, and 101.3207 kPa (29.92 in. Hg) baromet- ric pressure has these properties, approximately. 3.1.5 Pressure 3.1.5.1 Pressure (P) A force per unit area. This corresponds to energy per unit volume of fluid. 3.1.5.2 Absolute pressure (p) The value of a pressure
33、 when the datum pressure is abso- lute zero. It is always positive. 3.1.5.3 Barometric pressure (p b ) The absolute pressure exerted by the atmosphere at the location of measurement. 3.1.5.4 Gauge pressure The value of a pressure when the reference pressure is the barometric pressure at the point of
34、 measurement. It may be negative or positive. 3.1.5.5 Velocity pressure (P v ) That portion of the air pressure that exists by virtue of the rate of motion only. It is always positive. 3.1.5.6 Static pressure (P s ) That portion of the air pressure that exists by virtue of the degree of compression
35、only. If expressed as gauge pres- sure, it may be negative or positive. 3.1.5.7 Total pressure (P t ) The air pressure that exists by virtue of the degree of compression and the rate of motion. It is the algebraic sum of the velocity pressure and the static pressure at a point. Thus, if the air is a
36、t rest, the total pressure will equal the static pressure. 3.1.5.8 Pressure differential The change in static pressure across a louver. 3.1.6 Performance variables 3.1.6.1 Pressure drop ( DP) The difference in pressure between two points in a flow system, usually caused by frictional resistance to f
37、luid flow through an opening, in a duct or other flow system. Pressure drop is a measure of the resistance to airflow across a louver. It is expressed as the difference in static pressure across the louver for a specific rate of airflow. 3.1.6.2 Air leakage The amount of air passing through a louver
38、 when it is in the closed position and at a specific pressure differential. It is expressed as the volumetric rate of air passing through the louver divided by the face area. 3.1.6.3 Water penetration The amount of water passing through a louver while air is flowing through it at a specific free are
39、a velocity. It is expressed as the weight of water passing through the louver divided by the free area, at a specified free area velocity. 3.1.6.4 Wind driven rain 3.1.6.4.1 Louver effectiveness (E w ) At any core area velocity through the louver, the insertion loss of the louver assembly divided by
40、 the water penetra- tion of the calibration plate at that velocity times 100. 3.1.6.5 Wind driven sand 3.1.6.5.1 Louver effectiveness (E s ) At any free area velocity, as defined in Table 5, the total mass of sand rejected divided by the total mass of sand injected times 100. 3.1.7 Miscellaneous 3.1
41、.7.1 Shall and should The word shall is to be understood as mandatory and the word should as advisory. 3.1.7.2 Determination A complete set of measurements for a particular point of operation of the test louver. The measurements must be ANSI/AMCA 500-L-12 (Rev. 2015) | 3 sufficient to determine all
42、appropriate performance variables as defined in Section 3.1.6. 3.1.7.3 Test A series of determinations for various points of operation of a louver. 3.1.7.4 Energy factor The ratio of the total kinetic energy of the airflow to the kinetic energy corresponding to the average velocity of air. 3.2 Units
43、 of measure 3.2.1 System of units SI units (The International System of Units, Le Systme International dUnits) 1 are the primary units employed in this standard, with I-P units (inch-pound) given as the secondary reference. SI units are based on the fundamental values of the International Bureau of
44、Weights and Measures 1, and I-P values are based on the values of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which are in turn based on the values of the International Bureau. 3.2.2 Basic units The SI unit of length is the meter (m) or the millimeter (mm); the I-P unit of length is the foot
45、 (ft) or the inch (in.). The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg); the I-P unit of mass is the pound-mass (lbm). The SI unit of mass flow rate is the kilo- gram per second (kg/s); the I-P unit of mass flow rate is the pound-mass per second (lbm/s). The unit of time is either the minute (min) or the
46、second (s). The SI unit of temperature is either the degree Celsius (C) or the degree kelvin (K); the I-P unit of temperature is either the degree Fahrenheit (F) or the degree Rankine (R). The SI unit of force is the newton (N); the I-P unit of force is the pound force (lbf). 3.2.3 Airflow rate and
47、velocity 3.2.3.1 Airflow rate The SI unit of volumetric airflow rate is the cubic meter per second (m 3 /s); the I-P unit of volumetric airflow rate is the cubic foot per minute (cfm). 3.2.3.2 Airflow velocity The SI unit of airflow velocity is the meter per second (m/s); the I-P unit of airflow vel
48、ocity is the foot per minute (fpm). 3.2.4 Water flow rate The SI unit of liquid volume is the liter (L); the I-P unit of liquid volume is the gallon (gal). The SI unit of liquid flow rate is the liter per second (L/s); the I-P unit of liquid flow rate is the gallon per minute (gpm). 3.2.5 Pressure T
49、he SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa); the I-P unit of pressure is either the inch water gauge (in. wg) or the inch mercury column (in. Hg). Values in in. Hg shall be used only for barometric pressure measurements. The in. wg shall be based on a one-inch column of distilled water at 68 F under standard gravity and a gas column balancing effect based on standard air. The in. Hg shall be based on a one- inch column of mercury at 32 F under standard gravity in a vacuum. 3.2.6 Torque The SI unit of torque is the newton-meter (N-m); the I-P unit is the pound-inch (l
