1、Printed in U.S.A.A SS EAMERICAN SOCIETY OFSAFETY ENGINEERSAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDANSI/ASSE A10.22 2007 (R2012)ANSI/ASSE A10.22 2007 (R2012)Safety Requirements forRope-Guided and Non-Guided Workers HoistsAmerican National Standardfor Construction and Demolition OperationsANSI/ASSE A10.22 2007 (R20
2、12)The information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited A10 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the
3、 correctness or completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the A10 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property. ANSI ANSI/ASSE A
4、10.22 2007 (R2012) American National Standard Construction and Demolition Operations Safety Requirements for Rope-Guided and Non-Guided Workers Hoists Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 Approved July 3, 2012 American National Sta
5、ndards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Rev
6、iew, directly and materially affected interests have reached substantial agreement. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution
7、. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The Ame
8、rican National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National S
9、tandards Institute. Requests for interpretation shall be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute
10、 require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published September 2012 by American Society of Safet
11、y Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2012 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior wr
12、itten permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard A10.22 2007 (R2012).) This standard is one of a series of safety standards that have been formulated by the Accredited Standards C
13、ommittee on Safety in Construction and Demolition Operations, A10. It is expected that the standards in the A10 series will find a major application in industry, serving as a guide to contractors, labor, and equipment manufacturers. For the convenience of users, a list of existing and proposed stand
14、ards in the A10 series for Safety Requirements in Construction and Demolition Operations follows. A10.1 Pre-Project that when released, shall promptly deactivate the engine and stop the hoist drum rotation, thereby stopping the travel of the cage. 4.5 Line Speed Indicator. The hoist machine shall be
15、 provided with a line speed indicator located within clear view of the operator. 4.6 Braking System. The hoist shall be provided with the following two independent braking systems, each capable of stopping and holding 150% of the maximum line load: 1) A manually controlled friction brake, applied to
16、 the hoist drum or shaft. 2) An automatic friction brake applied by a spring or by gravity and released electri-cally or hydraulically. The brake application shall be automatic upon cessation of power. 3) Load hold valves, in the event of hydraulic/air hose failure, will maintain pressure and not le
17、t the load come down. 4.7 Limit Switches. The hoisting system shall be equipped with limit switches to automatically prevent overtravel at the top supporting structure and at the base. 4.8 Location and Arrangement. The hoist machine shall be designed, installed and located to provide proper (fleet a
18、ngle) winding or spooling of the rope on the drum. 4.9 Diameter of Drum. The hoist drum shall have a root diameter not less than 24 times the nominal diameter of the rope used. The rope shall not be spooled closer than 2 inches (50.8mm) to the outer perimeter of the drum flanges. 4.10 Minimum Rope T
19、urns on Drum. The drum shall have not less than three turns of rope when the hoist load is at the lowest point of travel. The hoist end of the rope shall be mechanically secured through the frame or drum flange. 4.11 Stability. The hoisting machine shall be secured in position to prevent movement sh
20、ifting or dislodgement. 4.12 Electrical System Protection. All electrical circuitry shall be weatherproof. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.22 2007 (R2012) 16 4.13 Grounding. The hoisting machine shall be grounded at all times in accordance with the requirements of the ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrica
21、l Code. 4.14 Overspeed. The hoist machine shall be provided with an audible and/or visual overspeed indicating alarm that will activate before the line speed exceeds 275 ft/min (83.82m/min) (10% overspeed) when transporting personnel. 5. OPERATION OF HOIST 5.1 Operator. The operator of the hoist sha
22、ll be qualified and instructed in the proper operation of the hoisting system, in accordance with manufacturers recom-mendations. 5.2 Speed Limitation. The speed of the rope guided cage shall be limited to 250 ft/min (76.2m/min) when transporting personnel. Including 10% overspeed, the maximum hoist
23、 speed shall not exceed 275 ft/min (83.82m/min) when transporting personnel. 5.3 Communication. Voice commun-ications shall be maintained between the hoist operator and each landing. 5.4 Operation. The hoist may be used to hoist construction materials or personnel, but not both simultaneously. 5.5 O
24、verhead Protection. Where the hoist and/or hoist operator is subject to falling objects, such as tools, material or debris, they shall be adequately protected from such hazards. 5.6 Exhaust Pipe and Muffler. On hoisting machines powered by internal combustion engines, the internal com-bustion engine
25、 shall be provided with an exhaust pipe and muffler with the tail pipe arranged to discharge at a point outside the hoist enclosure, if provided, and away from the operator to prevent carbon monoxide (CO) contamination. 5.7 Noise. Operator exposure to noise levels shall not exceed 90 dBA over an 8-h
26、our period (Time Weighted Average (TWA) in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1926.52 (USA), or as established by the applicable governing body. 6. HOIST ROPE 6.1 Rope Specification. 6.1.1 Rope Diameter. For all personnel hoisting operations, the minimum nominal diameter of hoist rope shall be 1/2-inch (12
27、.7mm). 6.1.2 Rope Construction. Only steel wire ropes having the specifications recommended by the wire rope manufacture for the intended use shall be used. 6.1.3 Rope Lay. Preformed regular lay rope shall be used. The direction of exterior lay (right or left) should be used to match the drum termin
28、ation and winding characteristics. 6.1.4 Rope Grade. The minimum hoist-ing rope grade shall be improved plow steel (IPS). 6.1.5 Rope Core. An independent wire rope core (IWRC) or a wire strand core (WSC) shall be used when the hoisting cable is exposed to temperatures of 180 degrees F (82.2 degrees
29、C), or greater. 6.2 Rope Design Factor. For all personnel hoist operations, the rope shall provide a minimum safety factor of 8.0 based on the total suspended load including suspended rope weight. 6.3 Rope Attachment. 6.3.1 End Terminations. The convey-ance (cage or overhaul weight) end of the hoist
30、ing rope shall be terminated by means AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.22 2007 (R2012) 17 of mechanically spliced eyes, swaged fittings, poured sockets or by other equivalent means, in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. 6.3.2 Thimbles. A protective fitting for a steel wire rope eye mad
31、e from metal. It ensures that the correct size loop is made for the rope diameter and protects the eye from wear. 6.3.3 Wire Rope Clips. Wire rope clips shall be drop-forged steel of the single saddle (U-bolt) or double saddle type clip. Malleable clips shall not be used. The spacing and number of c
32、lips shall be in accordance with the clip manufacturers recommendation. Wire rope clips attached with U-bolts shall have the U-bolt over the dead end of the rope and the live rope resting in the clip saddle. Clips shall be tightened evenly to the manufacturers recommended torque. After the initial l
33、oad is applied to the rope, the clip nuts shall be retightened to the recommended torque to compensate for any decrease in rope diameter caused by the load. Rope clip nuts should be retightened periodically to compensate for any further decrease in rope diameter during usage. 6.3.4 Attachment of Hoi
34、sting Rope to Personnel Cage. The hoisting rope shall be attached to the personnel cage by a positive connection such as a screw pin shackle. The pin shall be moused or drilled to accept a cotter key or bolt to prevent accidental disengagements. 6.4 Rotation-Resistant Ropes and Swivels. When employi
35、ng rotation-resistant hoisting ropes, a swivel shall not be used anywhere in the system. 6.5 Avoiding Line Run. The load end of the hoisting rope shall be provided with an overhaul weight or other equivalent means to prevent line run. 6.6 Rope Protection. The hoisting rope shall be barricaded betwee
36、n the hoisting machine and the footblock, and protected from contact with the ground by nonabrasive guarding. Where the hoisting rope is subject to falling material or debris, it shall be protected from such hazards. 6.7 Splicing of Hoisting Ropes. Hoisting ropes shall not be spliced except for the
37、formation of end terminations. 6.8 Removal Criteria. No precise rules can be given for determination of the exact length of time that a wire rope may be used since many variable factors are involved. Continued use shall be determined by a competent or qualified person in evaluating remaining strengt
38、h in a used rope after allowance for deterioration disclosed by inspection. Continued rope operation depends upon this remaining strength. 6.8.1 Wire rope shall be taken out of service when any of the following conditions exist: 1) In standard round strand running ropes, six randomly distributed bro
39、ken wires in one lay or three broken wires in one strand in one lay. 2) For rotation-resistant ropes, two broken wires in a distance of six times the rope nominal diameter or eight broken wires in thirty times the rope nominal diameter. 3) One outer wire broken at the point of contact with the core
40、of the rope that has worked its way out of the rope structure and protrudes or loops out from the rope structure. Additional inspection of this section is required. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.22 2007 (R2012) 18 4) Wear of one-third the original diameter of outside individual wires. 5) Kinking, c
41、rushing, bird caging or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure. 6) Evidence of any heat damage from any cause. 7) Reductions from nominal diam-eter of more than: a) 1/64-inch (0.4mm) for diam-eters up to and including 5/16-inch (8.0mm); b) 1/32-inch (0.8mm) for diam-eters 3/8
42、-inch (9.5mm), up to and including 1/2-inch (12.7mm); c) 3/64-inch (1.2mm) for diam-eters 9/16-inch (14.3mm), up to and including 3/4-inch (19.0mm); d) 1/16-inch (1.6mm) for diam-eters 7/8-inch (22.2mm), up to and including 1-1/8-inch (28.6mm); e) 3/32-inch (2.4mm) for diam-eters 1-1/4-inch (31.8mm)
43、, up to and including 1-1/2-inch (38.1mm). 6.8.2 If any of the above conditions is localized near a terminal attachment in an operating rope and the section in question can be eliminated by making a new attachment, this may be done instead of replacing the entire rope. 6.9 Used Hoisting Rope. Hoisti
44、ng rope shall be new, unused ropes. Reuse of rope for hoisting personnel will be permitted on subsequent jobs if, after a detailed inspection of the entire rope length, the rope does not warrant removal as specified in 6.8.1. 6.10 Records. At each job location, records of the initial, weekly and qua
45、rterly inspections shall be maintained and kept on file for the duration of the job and shall be available for review. 7. FOOTBLOCKS 7.1 Type of Blocks. Footblocks shall be construction-type rope blocks, of solid single piece bail or equivalent, grooved for the size of rope being used and designed t
46、o return the rope to the sheave groove after slack rope condition. 7.2 Footblock Diameter. The root diameter of the footblock sheave that carries the personnel cage shall not be less than 24 times the nominal rope diameter of the rope being used. 7.3 Direction Change. The change in direction of hois
47、t rope at the footblock shall be approximately 90 degrees. 7.4 Footblock Anchorage. The foot-block anchorage shall be capable of sustaining at least eight times the resultant force of the horizontal and vertical loads transmitted by the hoisting rope. The footblock shall be supported both laterally
48、and vertically such that it will be held in the proper position under slack rope conditions. The footblock shall be guarded from damage caused by external forces and impacts. 7.5 Footblock Substitute. A properly mounted sheave, as specified in 8.1 and 8.2, may be substituted for the footblock descri
49、bed in this section. 8. CATHEAD AND SHEAVES 8.1 Sheave Supports. The overhead supports shall be securely fastened together by bolting or welding to prevent spreading. The sheaves shall be attached to the supporting members. Each shall rotate on a fixed shaft or, in cases where the shafts are AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.22 2007 (R2012) 19 fixed in the sheaves, the shafts shall revolve in pillow block bearings. Construction blocks of the type described in 7.1 and 7.2 may be substituted for top sheaves. 8.2 Sheave Diameter. The wire rope sheaves used to carry the
