1、Classifying and Loading of Crude Oil into Rail Tank CarsANSI/API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 3000 FIRST EDITION, SEPTEMBER 2014Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be r
2、eviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or respons
3、ibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications
4、may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any lia
5、bility or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publ
6、ications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marki
7、ng equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.User
8、s of this Recommended Practice should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, o
9、r suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respec
10、t to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Where applicable, authorities having jurisdiction should be consulted.Work sites and equipment operations may differ. Users are solely respo
11、nsible for assessing their specific equipment and premises in determining the appropriateness of applying the Recommended Practice. At all times users should employ sound business, scientific, engineering, and judgment safety when using this Recommended Practice.All rights reserved. No part of this
12、work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.C
13、opyright 2014 American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the
14、 publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.The verbal forms used to express the provisions in this specification are as follows: the term “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification; the term “should” denotes a
15、 recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification; the term “may” is used to express permission or a provision that is optional; the term “can” is used to express possibility or capability.This document was produced under API standardization procedure
16、s that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should
17、 be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are review
18、ed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is publ
19、ished annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Roles and Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.1 General . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.2 Offeror. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.3 Consignor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.4 Pre-transportation Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.5 Function-specific Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Classifying Crude Oil for Transportation by Rail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.1 Identification of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Crude Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.2 Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Risk and Additional Marking Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . 125.3 Corrosivity Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.4 Selection of Proper Shipping Name (PSN) and Associated UN ID Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . 125.5 Documentation of Transportation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.6 Sampling and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . 136 Determining the Loading Target Quantity (LTQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.2 Volumetric or Weight Loading Target Quantity (LTQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.3 Calculating the Loading Target Quantity (LTQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . 186.4 Measurement Equipment and Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.5 Other Operational Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . 227 Record Retention. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Annex A (informative) Sampling and Testing Program Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . 24Annex B (informative) Example for Calculating LTQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Annex C (informative) Summary of Roles, Responsibilities and Training Requirements of Hazmat Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Annex D (informative) Shipping Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Bibliography . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37FiguresB.1 Segment 1 Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 26B.2 Segment 2 Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27B.3 Segment 3 Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28B.4A Segment 4A Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29B.4B Segment 4B Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30B.5 Segment 5 Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31B.6 Segment 6 Example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31vContentsPageTables1 Criteria for Assignment of PG for a Class 3 Flammable Liquid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Flash Point Test Methods for the Assignment
39、of PG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Initial Boiling Point Test Methods for the Assignment of PG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Initial Boiling Point Alternative Test Methods for the Assignment of PG
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Reference Temperature Requirement Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17C.1 Roles, Responsibilities and Training Requirements of Hazmat Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41、 . . . . . . . . 32D.1 Example Proper Shipping Descriptions for IT Waybill Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35vi1Classifying and Loading of Crude Oil into Rail Tank Cars1 ScopeThis document provides guidance on the material characterization, transport classif
42、ication, and quantity measurement for overfill prevention of petroleum crude oil (crude oil) for the loading of rail tank cars. Guidance on the documentation of measurement results is also provided. The criteria for determining the frequency of sampling and testing of petroleum crude oil are identif
43、ied for transport classification. This document applies only to petroleum crude oil classified as Hazard Class 3Flammable Liquid under the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at the time of publication.2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application
44、of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS)MPMS Chapter 3.1A, Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsM
45、PMS Chapter 3.1B, Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging MPMS Chapter 3.2, Standard Practice for Gauging Petroleum and Petroleum Products in Tank CarsMPMS Chapter 5 (all parts), MeteringMPMS Chapter 7, Temperature MeasurementMPMS Chapter 8.1-2013, Stan
46、dard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsMPMS Chapter 8.2, Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Liquid Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsMPMS Chapter 9.1, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Produ
47、cts by Hydrometer MethodMPMS Chapter 9.3, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method MPMS Chapter 11.1-2004 (including Addendum 1-2007), Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction Factors for General
48、ized Crude Oils, Refined Products, and Lubricating OilsMPMS Chapter 11.5 (all parts), Density/Weight/Volume IntraconversionMPMS Chapter 12.1.1, Calculation of Static Petroleum QuantitiesUpright Cylindrical Tanks and Marine VesselsAAR Pamphlet 34 1, Recommended Methods for the Safe Loading and Unload
49、ing of Non-Pressure (General Service) and Pressure Tank CarsAAR Scale HandbookASTM D4057-12 2, Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products 1Association of American Railroads, 425 3rdStreet, SW, Washington, DC 20024, USA, www.aar.org.2ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, USA, www.astm.org.2 ANSI/API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 3000ASTM D6377, Standard Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure of Crude Oil: VPCRx (Expansion Method)ASTM D7900, Standard Test Method for Determination of Light Hydrocarbons in Stabil
