1、 ANSI/ASAE S354.6 NOV2016 Safety for Farmstead Equipment American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biological systems. ASABE
2、 Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water resource management, turf
3、 and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in industry or trade is
4、 entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulations. Prospective users are responsible for protecting themselve
5、s against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approval date. Newly developed Standards, Engineering Practices and Data approved
6、 after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for
7、approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Co
8、nsensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise
9、, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/AAE S354.6 NOV2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biol
10、ogical Engineers 1 ANSI/ASAE S354.6 NOV2016 Revision approved November 2016 as an American National Standard Safety for Farmstead Equipment Proposed by the Farmstead Equipment Association of the Farm and Industrial Equipment Institute; approved by the ASAE Electric Power and Processing Division Stan
11、dards Committee; adopted by ASAE as a Recommendation June 1972; revised and reclassified as a Standard April 1975; reaffirmed December 1979, December 1980, December 1981, December 1982; revised December 1983; reaffirmed December 1988; revised April 1990; revised editorially and reaffirmed December 1
12、994; reaffirmed December 1995; revised December 1998, January 2006; approved as an American National Standard February 2006; revised editorially February 2009; reaffirmed February 2011, revised November 2016. Keywords: Bale chopper, Barn cleaners, Equipment, Farmstead, Guarding, Manure auger elevato
13、r, Mills, Mixers, Safety, Safety signs, Shielding, Silo unloaders 1 Purpose and Scope 1.1 The purpose of this standard is to provide a reasonable degree of personal safety for operators and other persons during normal operation and servicing of farmstead equipment. 1.2 This standard applies to power
14、ed farmstead equipment as defined in paragraph 3.1. This standard does not apply to agricultural field equipment nor to self-propelled mobile equipment such as motor vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, and skid-steer loaders. In addition, it does not apply to farmstead equipment covered by other ASABE s
15、afety standards unless it is specifically referenced by these standards. 1.3 In addition to the design and configuration of equipment, hazard control and accident prevention are dependent upon the awareness, concern, prudence, and proper training of personnel involved in the installation, operation,
16、 transport, maintenance, and storage of equipment or in the use and maintenance of facilities. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest ed
17、ition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ANSI/ASAE S318.17, Safety for Agricultural Field Equipment ANSI/ASABE AD3600:2015 APR2016, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Operators manual Content and presentation. ANSI/ASAE S39
18、0.5, Definitions and Classifications of Agricultural Field Equipment ANSI/ASAE S466.2, Nomenclature/Terminology for Livestock Manure Handling Equipment ANSI/ASAE S493.1, Guarding for Agricultural Equipment ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electric Code ANSI/ASABE AD11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agricult
19、ural and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment Safety signs and hazard pictorials General principles ANSI/AAE S354.6 NOV2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 2 ASAE EP470.1, Manure Storage Safety ASAE S207.13, Operating Requirements for Tractors and Power Tak
20、e-off Driven Implements 3 Definitions 3.1 Farmstead Equipment: Equipment; other than agricultural field equipment, used in agricultural operations for the production of food and fiber (examples include livestock feeding systems, livestock watering and waste handling systems, crop dryers, milling sys
21、tems, material handling equipment, etc.). 3.2 For other definitions see ANSI/ASAE S390, ANSI/ASAE S466, ANSI/ASAE S493 and ANSI/ASAE S318 4 Electrical Specifications 4.1 Electric controllers shall contain a positive, lockable electrical disconnect to prevent unintended application of electrical powe
22、r to the equipment. An appropriate safety sign shall be affixed in close proximity to the controller and components of the controlled equipment that may require routine maintenance, instructing the operator to disconnect and lock out power before performing service or maintenance on the equipment. 4
23、.2 For motors equipped with a manual reset type of overload protector, there shall be an appropriate safety sign, constructed per the requirements of clause 9, located near the reset. The sign shall instruct the operator to lock out power before resetting the overload. 4.3 Electric motors with autom
24、atic resettype overload protection are allowable only in equipment applications where the motor is inaccessible and extreme difficulty would be encountered in the manual reset of the overload. In addition to the requirements of clause 9 of this standard, safety signs shall be affixed in close proxim
25、ity to the motor and driven equipment (if located remotely), informing the operator and others of the potential for sudden, unanticipated start-up, and the measure(s) that should be taken to avoid potential hazards. 5 Guarding 5.1 All power driven rotating drive shafts, and implement input driveline
26、s, shall conform to ASAE S207 and ANSI/S318. 5.2 Guarding requirements. Refer to ANSI/ASAE S493. 6 Service Access 6.1 Access shall be provided to equipment components requiring daily or routine maintenance, adjustment, lubrication, or inspection procedures. This access shall be so designed that thes
27、e procedures can be readily carried out. 6.2 Access doors that must be opened for routine or daily service, inspection or cleaning shall: 6.2.1 Be easy to open and close. 6.2.2 Remain attached; for example, by means of a hinge, slide, linkage, tether, or other suitable means. 6.2.3 Include a conveni
28、ent and effective means to keep them closed. 6.2.4 An interlock shall be provided if opening the access door exposes hazardous moving mechanisms. ANSI/AAE S354.6 NOV2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 3 7 Operators Instructions 7.1 Written operators instructions
29、in accordance with ANSI/ASAE EP363 shall be supplied with the equipment. 7.2 Where applicable, safety instructions shall include the proper use of positive lockable electrical disconnects for electric controllers. 7.3 Operators instructions shall include a statement that all wiring shall be installe
30、d in compliance with the latest edition of ANSI/NFPA 70 as a minimum requirement and shall also be in compliance with all local, state, and national electrical codes. 8 Installation Instructions 8.1 Installation instructions, where applicable, shall be prepared in accordance with ANSI/ASAE EP363. In
31、 addition, if applicable, they shall include any or all of the following specific information: 8.1.1 Require that equipment be installed in compliance with the latest edition of ANSI/NFPA 70 as a minimum requirement, and in compliance with local wiring codes as applicable. 8.1.2 Require that electri
32、c circuits that are used to complete the system electrical wiring shall contain a positive, lockable electrical disconnect to prevent unintended application of electrical power to the equipment. 8.1.3 Require that the installation provide for convenient access for normal operation. 9 Safety Signs 9.
33、1 Safety signs shall be appropriately displayed when necessary to alert the operator and others of the risk of personal injury during normal operations and servicing. 9.1.1 Safety signs shall conform to the requirements of ANSI/ASABE AD11684:1995. 9.1.2 To distinguish from safety signs, instructiona
34、l signs relating to equipment servicing and care should use signal words such as IMPORTANT or NOTICE, without the safety-alert symbol. The appearance of these signs should be different from safety signs. 10 Travel on Highways 10.1 Refer to ANSI/ASAE S318 for travel on highways. 11 Product-Specific S
35、afety Requirements 11.1 All powered farmstead equipment shall meet the requirements of clauses 4 through 10 of this standard. In addition, it shall meet any of the following sub-clauses as applicable: 11.2 Top unloading silo unloaders 11.2.1 For purposes of this standard, top unloading silo unloader
36、 is defined as a machine whose function is to unload ensiled material from the top surface within an upright tower silo. The machine consists of a mechanism operating on the top surface that loosens, collects, and discharges material into a vertical shaft or chute where it falls to the base of the s
37、ilo. ANSI/AAE S354.6 NOV2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 4 11.2.2 A portable, manually operated control shall be provided for use in the silo at the location of the unloader. This control shall allow momentary application of electric power to assist in the tes
38、ting of adjustments or repairs. The control shall lock out control functions from other locations and permit only momentary power application via momentary electrical contacts. 11.2.3 The sweep arm material gathering mechanism shall be provided with a barrier that is generally parallel to and extend
39、ing the fullest practical length of the gathering mechanism, located as shown in Figure 1. This barrier shall conform to the requirements of ANSI/ASAE S493. Figure 1 Gathering mechanism barrier zone 11.2.4 Suspension system 11.2.4.1 For the purposes of this clause, the following definitions apply: 1
40、1.2.4.1.1 suspension system: A system that suspends and hoists top unloading silo unloaders. It consists of a supporting framework, located at the top of the silo, wire rope that connects the unloader within the silo to a take-up winch located on the silo exterior via the supporting framework, and t
41、he winch itself. 11.2.4.1.2 maximum working load: The weight of the largest (heaviest) model equipped with all options and the largest recommended electric motor 11.2.4.1.3 wire rope breaking strength: The minimum static tensile breaking strength, measured in N (lbf) 11.2.4.1.4 wire rope duty cycle:
42、 One 180-deg wrap-over suspension system sheave, one 360-deg wrap-around-the-system winch drum, followed by unwrapping the cable through the reverse cycle (see Figure 2) ANSI/AAE S354.6 NOV2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5 Figure 2 Configuration for testing o
43、f wire rope duty cycle 11.2.4.1.5 factor of safety: Wire rope breaking strength divided by maximum working load 11.2.4.2 Wire rope winch 11.2.4.2.1 The winch drum shall have a minimum diameter of seven times the wire rope diameter. 11.2.4.2.2 The winch mechanism shall be a design such that the suspe
44、nded load will not move unless an input force or torque is applied to the winch. 11.2.4.3 Wire rope sheaves used in the suspension system shall have a minimum root diameter seven times the wire rope diameter. 11.2.4.4 Wire rope 11.2.4.4.1 Wire rope used with top unloading silo unloader suspension sy
45、stems shall be constructed of corrosion-resistant materials. 11.2.4.4.2 The wire rope shall have a minimum design factor of safety of 4.0. 11.2.4.4.3 A test sample length of wire rope selected must pass the following verification test: 11.2.4.4.3.1 Cycle per the above-defined duty cycle while under
46、a load equal to 25% of the wire rope breaking strength. 11.2.4.4.3.2 After 80 complete cycles, wire rope shall exhibit a minimum breaking strength of 200% of maximum working load. 11.2.5 In addition to the requirements of clause 9, safety signs shall be affixed at the following locations: 11.2.5.1 O
47、n the portable electrical control informing the operator of the hazard associated with remote start-up of the equipment, and of the need to place the control in the “locked out” position. 11.2.5.2 On the unloader gathering mechanism, informing the operator of the hazard of contact with the mechanism
48、 and the recommended safe operating practices that should be followed to prevent the occurrence. ANSI/AAE S354.6 NOV2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 6 11.3 Bottom-unloading silo unloaders 11.3.1 For purposes of this standard bottom-unloading silo unloader is d
49、efined as a machine whose function is to unload ensiled material from the underside of that material stored within an upright tower silo. The mechanism consists of a gathering means that loosens, collects and discharges ensiled material from the interior of the silo to the exterior. 11.3.2 Safety signs. In addition to the requirements of clause 9, a safety sign(s) shall be placed in close proximity to the bottom access of the structure in which the unloader is installed, informing of the following hazards
