1、 ANSI/ASAE S396.3 JUN2016 Combine Capacity and Performance Test Procedure American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biologic
2、al systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water resource
3、 management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged in ind
4、ustry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulations. Prospective users are responsible for pro
5、tecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approval date. Newly developed Standards, Engineering Practices
6、and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and ot
7、her criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessar
8、ily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be taken periodically to
9、 reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/ASAE S396.3 JUN2016 Copyright American Society of Agr
10、icultural and Biological Engineers 1 ANSI/ASAE S396.3 JUN2016 Revision approved June 2016 YEAR as an American National Standard Combine Capacity and Performance Test Procedure Developed by the ASAE Grain Harvesting Committee; approved by the Power and Machinery Division Standards Committee; adopted
11、by ASAE as a Tentative Standard March 1979; reaffirmed December 1979; reclassified as a full Standard February 1981; reaffirmed December 1985; revised March 1988; approved as an American National Standard August 1988; revised January 1991; reaffirmed December 1994, December 1995, December 1996; Marc
12、h 1998, December 2001, March 2004; February 2009; reaffirmed January 2014; revised June 2016. Keywords: Capacity, Combine, Harvesting, Residue, Test procedure 1 Purpose and Scope 1.1 This Standard is intended to provide the basic requirements for a uniform procedure for measuring and reporting combi
13、ne capacity, as defined in American National Standard ANSI/ASAE S343, Terminology for Combines and Grain Harvesting. Because crop conditions are variable and uncontrollable, the procedure provides only for the comparative testing of one combine, or one combine configuration, relative to another, in
14、a particular crop condition. 1.2 In addition to measuring and reporting combine capacity, this Standard is also intended to provide the basic requirements for evaluating the uniformity of material spread from harvest residue spreading or chopping device(s). Harvest residue spreaders may be evaluated
15、 for spreading either straw or chaff separately or as a system for spreading both together. 2 Normative References ANSI/ASAE S343, Terminology for Combines and Grain Harvesting ANSI/ASAE S358, Moisture Measurement Forages. ANSI/ASAE S424, Method of Determining and Expressing Particle Size of Chopped
16、 Forage Materials by Screening ASAE S352, Moisture Measurement Unground Grain and Seeds USDA 810, Official United States Standards for Grains 3 Terminology 3.1 test combine: The combine or combine configuration to be tested 3.2 comparison combine: The combine or combine configuration with which the
17、test combine is being compared 3.3 test run: The events necessary to record a single set of measurements ANSI/ASAE S396.3 JUN2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 2 3.4 test series: All the events and data of the test combine and the comparison combine that define
18、their performance during the test runs on each combine 3.5 catch: Any material collected during a test run 3.5.1 grain catch: Any material collected through the primary clean grain discharge point for the purpose of sample analysis 3.5.2 separator system catch: Any material collected from the machin
19、es normal point of discharge from the separator 3.5.3 cleaning system catch: Any material collected from the machines normal point of discharge from the cleaning system 4 Selection of Crop 4.1 Capacity tests should preferably be conducted in crops and conditions listed in ANSI/ASAE Standard S343, Te
20、rminology for Combines and Grain Harvesting. Where test data indicate that such requirements have not been adhered to, the reasons for departures shall be stated in the test report. 4.2 Crops used for tests shall be reasonably uniform, free of disease, weeds and other crops. They should in general b
21、e standing well. If local climatic conditions or local practices lead to different conditions typical of the locality (for instance widespread lodging or the windrowing of crops), the circumstances should be stated in the test report. 5 Machines 5.1 The test combine shall be fully identified as to m
22、ake, model, year and other pertinent information. The terminology and methods of measurement defined by ANSI/ASAE Standard S343, Terminology for Combines and Grain Harvesting, shall be used where relevant. 5.2 The comparison combine shall be similarly identified, functionally sound and one which has
23、 been available on the open market for a continuous period of at least one year prior to the date of the test. 5.3 At the time of the test, both test and comparison combines shall be in good working order with all working surfaces free of thick or sticky paint, rust, grease, or other impediments to
24、smooth operation. A run-in period of 25 h is required to ensure this condition on a new combine, or one that has not been used recently. 5.4 Immediately prior to testing, both test and comparison combines should be adjusted for optimum performance in the same piece of crop that will be used for the
25、tests. Pretest adjustments should aim for optimum performance with harvesting conditions typical of normal practice in the relevant locality. Care should be taken to ensure that the dockage level in the clean grain sample of the test combine is similar to that of the comparison combine. Persons resp
26、onsible for adjusting the machines shall be given adequate time and opportunity to do so, with regard to the time requirements of Section 7 Test Procedures, for conduct of the test proper. They shall also be responsible for deciding when the optimum adjustments have been attained. 5.5 No operator ad
27、justment of the threshing, separating, or cleaning devices and header height shall be permitted during a test on either combine. 6 Collection of Samples 6.1 Apparatus for catching crop material discharged from the combine shall be built and operated so that: ANSI/ASAE S396.3 JUN2016 Copyright Americ
28、an Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 3 6.1.1 The whole of the effluent from separator system and cleaning system of the combine is caught during the catch period. 6.1.2 The grain catch may be delayed after initiation of material-other-than-grain, MOG, catch to compensate for the time
29、the grain spends in the conveyor. This circumstance must be reported. Samples of grain for analysis must be taken by passing a container through the stream of grain at the normal discharge point. Storage containers shall be completely filled, and air-tight. The size of the grain catch is to be at le
30、ast 1 liter. 6.1.3 Catches are started and stopped without interrupting combine systems forward travel. 6.1.4 The apparatus does not significantly interfere with the combines normal operation; for instance, with the flow of air from the cleaning system. 6.1.5 Catches are taken from the points of nor
31、mal discharge from the combines separating and primary cleaning systems at the normal rate of discharge. Conveyor-type apparatus for improving the accessibility of the catch points is permitted, but must be such as to cause no change in the condition of the crop material as discharged from the combi
32、ne. If testing is such that the separating and cleaning discharge cannot be gathered independently then such configurations must be noted 7 Test Procedure 7.1 Prior to each catch period, the combine shall operate for at least 20 seconds to ensure that conditions have become stabilized throughout the
33、 relevant systems. Any deviations deemed relevant by the testing supervisor must be noted. 7.2 A test shall consist of at least 5 test runs, and preferably not less than 7. 7.3 During this period and during the catching periods, the full gathering with of the header shall be used. If the crop is win
34、drowed, the windrow(s) should preferably be symmetrical and shall be picked up wholly and smoothly to ensure flow of crop across substantially the full width of the thresher. 7.3.1 In certain limited conditions, if the test supervisor deems this impractical (ex. Header width improperly sized for cro
35、p volume), then a width less than full header width may be used. If less than a full header width is used the machine shall be operated in a manner that presents a uniform width and consistent, symmetrical delivery of crop to the machine. Document width of crop harvested and reason for deviation in
36、the final report. 7.4 Field speed and compensatory header adjustments shall be made only between test runs. The only adjustments permitted are reel speed, reel height, reel fore-and-aft settings, pick-up speed, or gathering chain speed to accommodate differences in ground speed. Stubble height shall
37、 remain the same during and between test runs within a specific test series. 7.5 Successive test runs shall be made at differing forward speeds to cover the full range of practical throughputs. Field speeds for test runs should be selected to start below the speed used during the pretest adjustment
38、period and should be carried high enough to perceptibly indicate that maximum feasible feed rate has been reached. The limiting factor on feed rate such as engine overload, feeding difficulty, etc., should be noted and recorded in the test report. 7.6 The time of day selected for the test shall be w
39、hen crop conditions are most stable, usually the several hours after noon. Comparative tests shall be conducted as closely as possible to the same time and location in the field. Differing circumstances should be reported. 7.7 The catches of grain and MOG shall be taken over a minimum of 9m or the a
40、mount in total for the separator system and cleaning system catch must be greater than 50 kg. Exceptions shall be noted, and reasons shall be given. 7.8 The test supervisor may discard attempted test runs at the time of test if in his judgment there is obvious reason to do so; e.g., functional failu
41、re, detrimental foreign objects entering combine, overfilling or spillage from ANSI/ASAE S396.3 JUN2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 4 catch receptacle, etc. Otherwise the results of all test runs made shall be entered on the test report, and comments shall be
42、included on any unusual circumstance. 7.9 Not less than 1 liter shall be taken through a test run for grain analysis. 7.10 Straw samples of at least 0.5 kg each for moisture testing shall be at least three in number and taken throughout the test series. Samples should be taken from the straw dischar
43、ged immediately after the end of the catch period and stored in completely-filled, air-tight containers until analyzed. Requirements are similar with regard to straw moisture measurements made by portable meter. 8 Processing of Catches 8.1 Separating and cleaning should be as fully mechanized as pra
44、cticable to ensure consistency. Feeding of crop should aim for relatively low feed rates, to retain at least 99% of the free grain contained in the samples before processing. Manual sorting of cleaned grain should be minimized. 8.2 In the event that USDA Grade No. 2 grain or seed standards are not m
45、et, the sample should be evaluated by USDA standard techniques. These techniques may be found in USDA publication, Official United States Standards for Grain #810. In countries other than the United States, a similar government procedure should be followed and must be noted 9 Test Reporting 9.1 The
46、test file should include all original data and measurements recorded for both test and comparison combines. These data shall include the following: 9.1.1 Location of test site. 9.1.2 Date and time of starting and stopping tests. 9.1.3 Combine and header identifications. 9.1.4 Crop, variety, crop con
47、ditions, and a reasonable estimate of average yield during the catch period. 9.1.5 Combine settings and adjustments, particularly those relevant to the crop-handling systems. 9.1.6 Details from the test runs recorded as follows: 9.1.6.1 Duration in seconds to nearest 0.1 s. 9.1.6.2 Field speed in ki
48、lometers per hour (miles per hour) to the nearest 0.1 km/h (0.1 mph). 9.1.6.3 Grain catch in kilograms (pounds) to the nearest 0.2 kg (0.5 lb). 9.1.6.4 Separator system catch in kilograms (pounds) to the nearest 0.05 kg (0.1 lb). 9.1.6.5 Cleaning system catch in kilograms (pounds) to the nearest 0.0
49、5 kg (0.1 lb). 9.1.6.6 Free grain from separator in kilograms (pounds) to the nearest 0.005 kg (0.01 lb) up to 2 kg (5 lb) and to nearest 0.05 kg (0.1 lb) thereafter. 9.1.6.7 Free grain weight from cleaning system in kilograms (pounds) to the nearest 0.005 kg (0.01 lb) up to 2 kg (5 lb) and to the nearest 0.05 kg (0.1 lb) thereafter. ANSI/ASAE S396.3 JUN2016 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5 9.1.6.8 Grain weight from rethreshed MOG catches in kilograms (pounds) to the nearest 0.005 kg (0.01
