1、 ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 R2014) Ventilating Manure Storages to Reduce Entry Risk American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and b
2、iological systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead equipment, structures, soil and water r
3、esource management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisory only. Their use by anyone engaged
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6、ctices and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus,
7、 and other criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not n
8、ecessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE require that action be taken periodic
9、ally to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Copyright American
10、Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 1 ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Approved November 2010; reaffirmed January 2015 as an American National Standard Ventilating Manure Storages to Reduce Entry Risk Developed by Subject Matter Experts from the Ergonomics, Safety approved as an American
11、 National Standard November 2010; reaffirmed by ASABE December 2014; reaffirmed by ANSI January 2015. Keywords: Air-exchange-rate, Evacuation time, Fan-ventilation, Forced-ventilation, Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), Manure-gases, Manure-pits, Manure storages, OSHA, Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL), Sa
12、fe-entry, Safety, Threshold Limit Value (TLV) 1 Purpose 1.1 The primary purpose of this standard is to reduce risk from asphyxiation, poisoning, and explosions when entering confined space manure storages by specifying the positive pressure, forced ventilation requirements, including ventilation sys
13、tem layout, air exchange rates, and minimum ventilation times, for evacuation of contaminant gases from, and replenishment of oxygen into, empty or nearly empty covered or partially covered confined-space, on-farm, manure storages, reception tanks, agitation tanks and other similar containers that h
14、old/contain manure prior to entry. 1.2 This standard is to be used in conjunction with the appropriate confined space entry considerations defined in ASAE EP470, JAN 1992 (R2005), Manure Storage Safety 2 Scope 2.1 This Standard specifies the forced-ventilation times required to evacuate contaminant
15、gases (H2S, CH4, and CO2) from on-farm, confined-space, manure storages with either solid, totally slotted or partially slotted covers to concentrations below American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) recommended 8-hr. Threshold Limit Values (TLVs). 2.1.1 This Standard specif
16、ies forced-ventilation contaminant gas evacuation procedures and times for solid covered on-farm, confined-space manure storages located outside enclosed animal living quarters and for partially or totally covered on-farm, confined manure storages located beneath enclosed animal living quarters. 2.1
17、.2 This Standard specifies forced-ventilation contaminant gas evacuation times for ventilation systems with supply air taken from directly above the manure storage or ventilation systems with supply air ducted from a location with negligible or nearly zero contaminant gas concentrations and approxim
18、ately 20.4% oxygen by volume at sea level. 2.1.3 This Standard specifies forced-ventilation contaminant gas evacuation times for maximum possible initial contaminant gas concentration levels or for known (measured) initial contaminant gas concentration levels. 2.2 This Standard specifies the forced-
19、ventilation times required to replenish oxygen levels from 0% to 20% by volume at sea level in on-farm, confined-space, manure storages with either solid, totally slotted or partially slotted covers. ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
20、2 2.2.1 This Standard specifies forced-ventilation times required to replenish oxygen levels for on-farm, confined-space manure storages located either beneath or outside enclosed animal living quarters. 2.2.2 This Standard specifies forced-ventilation times required to replenish oxygen levels for s
21、upply air taken from directly above the manure storage or for supply air ducted from a location with negligible or nearly zero contaminant gas concentrations and approximately 20.4% oxygen by volume at sea level. 2.3 All forced ventilation systems in this standard are positive pressure systems unles
22、s otherwise noted. 2.4 The provisions of this standard may be used to design permanently installed or portable ventilation systems for any existing or new manure storage that fits within the stated scope. 2.5 The provisions of this standard assume the storage is empty or nearly empty (13:36(12.14)84
23、:54 13:3693:22 13:3684:00 13:36 4:34 30.5 m x 7.32 m x 2.44 m (100 ft x 24 ft x 8 ft) II 9:31 4:14 9:31 4:53 30.5 m x 7.32 m x 3.66 m (100 ft x 24 ft x 12 ft) III 7:56 2:01 7:56 3:47 30.5 m x 12.2 m x 2.44 m (100 ft x 40 ft x 8 ft) IV 7:34 2:04 7:34 3:50 30.5 m x 12.2 m x 3.66 m (100 ft x 40 ft x 12
24、 ft) V 7:07 3:02 7:07 3:25 30.5 m x 18.3 m x 2.44 m (100ft x 60 ft x 8 ft) VI 6:37 1:46 6:37 3:21 30.5 m x 18.3 m x 3.66 m (100 ft x 60 ft x 12 ft) 2 (Fig. 11 geometries shown in Figures 10, 12, and 14. 3) Ventilation time to reduce H2S concentration from 10,000 ppm to 1 ppm; gas emission rate = 0.4
25、8 mgs1m2; inter-contamination ratio = 0.40. 4) Ventilation time to reduce CO2concentration from 450,000 ppm to 5,000 ppm; gas emission rate = 7.25 mgs1m2; inter-contamination ratio = 0.40. 5) Ventilation time to reduce CH4concentration from 750,000 ppm to 1,000 ppm is less than the time required to
26、reduce H2S concentrations from 10,000 ppm to 1 ppm. 6) Ventilation time to replenish O2concentrations from 0 % by volume to 20 % by volume at sea level. 7) Maximum storage dimensions for which the tabulated times are valid for the given storage aspect ratios (L/W and L/D). 8) H2S evacuated to below
27、1 ppm in 97 % of the storage nearest to the fan location after 600 s of ventilation; i.e., the evacuated zone equals X/L = 0.97 where X = the length of the storage evacuated to 1 ppm after tabulated time and L = the total storage length. Table 6 Factors for increasing tabulated storage ventilation t
28、imes for manure storages with partially or totally slotted covers when the storage fan fresh air intake is located on top of the storage cover inside an animal living space Cover Type Gas H2S CO2CH4O2Totally slotted 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Partially slotted 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Co
29、pyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 14 Table 7 Threshold manure storage contaminant gas concentrations for evacuation of animals and personnel prior to ventilating manure storages with partially or totally slotted covers Contaminant Gas Threshold Concentration Hydrogen
30、sulfide 80 ppm Carbon dioxide 32,000 ppm Methane 25,000 ppm (2.5% by volume) Figure 1 Definition sketches: Ducted or non-ducted ventilation air supply configurations. Figure 2 Solid covered manure storage with square footprint ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Copyright American Society of Agricultura
31、l and Biological Engineers 15 Figure 3 Dimensions of solid covered manure storages with square footprints (meters) Figure 4 Solid covered manure storage with rectangular footprint Figure 5 Dimensions of solid covered manure storages with rectangular footprints (meters) Figure 6 Solid covered manure
32、storage with circular footprint ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 16 Figure 7 Dimensions of solid covered manure storages with circular footprints (meters) Figure 8 Totally slotted manure storage Figure 9 Dimensions of totally slotted
33、 covered manure storages (meters) ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 17 Figure 10 Partially slotted cover, Geometry 1 Figure 11 Dimensions of partially slotted covered manure storages, Geometry 1 (meters) Figure 12 Partially slotted co
34、ver, Geometry 2 ANSI/ASABE S607 OCT2010 (R2014) Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 18 Figure 13 Dimensions of partially slotted covered manure storages, Geometry 2 (meters) Figure 14 Partially slotted cover, Geometry 3 Figure 15 Dimensions of partially slotted covered manure storages, Geometry 3 (meters)
