1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 16-2016(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 16-1983 RA2014)Method of Testing for RatingRoom Air Conditioners,Packaged TerminalAir Conditioners, andPackaged Terminal Heat Pumpsfor Cooling and Heating CapacityApproved by ASHRAE on October 31, 2016, and by the American National Standar
2、ds Institute on November 1, 2016.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the Standard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org)or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1
3、791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprintpermission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2016 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American Nati
4、onal Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and
5、 materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until
6、and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpos
7、e of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project
8、 Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISC
9、LAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, in
10、stalled, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the publ
11、ic by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guideline
12、s is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Commit
13、tee 16Cognizant TC: 8.11, Unitary and Room Air Conditioners and Heat PumpsSPLS Liaison: Donald M. BrundageMark W. Paquette, I*, Chair Clinton D. Finstad* Christopher G. Stone*Patrick E. Collins* Rob Lafleur*Kevin L Eicher* W. Vance Payne* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approv
14、ed for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20162017Rita M. Harrold, Chair Michael W. Gallagher Cyrus H. NasseriSteven J. Emmerich, Vice-Chair Walter T. Grondzik David RobinJames D. Aswegan Vinod P. Gupta Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Susanna S. Hanson Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Roger L. Hed
15、rick Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Drury B. Crawley Rick M. Heiden Jack H. ZarourJohn F. Dunlap, Srinivas Katipamula William F. Walter, BOD ExOJames W. Earley, Jr. Cesar L. Lim Patricia Graef, COKeith I. Emerson Arsen K. MelikovJulie M. Ferguson R. Lee Millies, Jr.Stephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of
16、 StandardsCONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 16-2016,Method of Testing for Rating Room Air Conditioners, Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners, andPackaged Terminal Heat Pumps for Cooling and Heating CapacitySECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose22 Scope .23 Definitions.24 Classifications 35 Instruments.36 Apparat
17、us.47 Methods of Testing.118 Test Procedures.139 Data to be Recorded 1510 Measurement Uncertainty.1511 Test Results1512 References .16Normative Appendix A: Cooling Capacity CalculationsCalorimeter Test Indoor and Calorimeter Test Outdoor 20Normative Appendix B: Cooling Capacity CalculationsCalorimet
18、er Test Indoor and Psychrometric Test Indoor.22Normative Appendix C: Cooling Capacity CalculationsPsychrometric Test Indoor and Calorimeter Test Outdoor23Normative Appendix D: Cooling Capacity CalculationsPsychrometric Test Indoor.24Normative Appendix E: Heating Capacity CalculationsCalorimeter Test
19、 Indoor and Calorimeter Test Outdoor25Normative Appendix F: Heating Capacity CalculationsCalorimeter Test Indoor and Psychrometric Test Indoor.27Normative Appendix G: Heating Capacity CalculationsPsychrometric Test Indoor and Calorimeter Test Outdoor28Normative Appendix H: Heating Capacity Calculati
20、onsPsychrometric Test Indoor 29Normative Appendix I: Heating Capacity CalculationsCalorimeter Test Indoor and Hydronic Coil.30Normative Appendix J: Heating Capacity CalculationsPsychrometric Test Indoor and Hydronic Coil31Normative Appendix K: Heating Capacity CalculationsCalorimeter Test Indoor and
21、 Steam Coil.32Normative Appendix L: Heating Capacity CalculationsPsychrometric Test Indoor and Steam Coil .33Normative Appendix M: Heating Capacity CalculationsPsychrometric Test Indoor and Electric Resistance Heat.34Informative Appendix N: Bibliography.35Informative Appendix O: Uncertainties of Mea
22、surement 36Informative Appendix P: UUT Standby Power Measuring Equipment41Informative Appendix Q: Instrumentation of Test Room Walls and Separating Partition42Informative Appendix R: Leakage Airflow Measurement44NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded fre
23、e of charge from the ASHRAEwebsite at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2016 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark
24、 of the American National Standards Institute.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 16-2016(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand
25、 may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDThis standard prescribes methods of test for obtaining coolingcapacity, heating capacity, and airflow qu
26、antity for ratingroom air conditioners and heat pumps and packaged terminalair conditioners and heat pumps.ASHRAE Standard 16-2016 is the latest revision of oneof ASHRAEs oldest standards. A short publishing history ofthis standard traces the origins of its provisions. The stan-dard, originally evol
27、ved from the American Society of Refrig-erating Engineers (ASRE) Circular 13-42, Standard Methodsof Rating and Testing Air-Conditioning Equipment, and ASREStandard 16-56, was first issued as ASHRAE Standard 16-1961, Method of Testing for Rating Room Air Conditioners,with revisions in 1969 and 1983.T
28、he 1983 standard was approved by the ASHRAE Stan-dards Committee on September 16, 1983; by the ASHRAEBoard of Directors on December 1, 1983; and by the Ameri-can National Standards Institute on February 24, 1984.The 1983 standard was submitted for reaffirmation withminor editorial changes by the Sta
29、ndards Committee on Janu-ary 31, 1988. Because the ASHRAE Journal intent-to-reaffirmnotice elicited no negative comments, the Board of Directorsapproved the reaffirmation with minor editorial changes onJune 30, 1988. The reaffirmed standard was recognized as anAmerican National Standard by ANSI on D
30、ecember 14, 1988.In 2015, the standard was revised to incorporate themethod of test for obtaining heating capacity for rating roomair-conditioner and packaged terminal air-conditioner heat-ing capacity prescribed in ASHRAE Standard 58, Method ofTesting for Rating Room Air Conditioner and Packaged Te
31、r-minal Air-Conditioner Heating Capacity. ASHRAE Standard58 was originally issued in 1965, revised in 1974, and lastreaffirmed in 1999. ASHRAE Standard 16 was last reaffirmedin 2014. This standard also includes heating capacity testingof these products with a hydronic or a steam coil.1. PURPOSEThe p
32、urpose of this standard is to prescribe test methods fordetermining the cooling and heating capacity of room air con-ditioners, packaged terminal air conditioners, and packagedterminal heat pumps. 2. SCOPEThis standarda. establishes uniform methods of testing to obtain ratingdata,b. specifies test e
33、quipment for performing such tests,c. specifies data required and calculations to be used, and d. lists and defines the terms used in testing.3. DEFINITIONSair conditioner: the room air conditioner, packaged terminalair conditioner, or packaged terminal heat pump being tested. apparatus: refers excl
34、usively to test room facilities and asso-ciated instrumentation.capacity, latent cooling: the rate, expressed in watts (Britishthermal units), that the equipment removes moisture from theair passing through it under specified conditions of operation.capacity, sensible cooling: the rate, expressed in
35、 watts (Brit-ish thermal units), that the equipment removes sensible heatfrom the air passing through it under specified conditions ofoperation.capacity, total cooling: the rate, expressed in watts (Britishthermal units), that the equipment removes heat from the airpassing through it under specified
36、 condition of operation.capacity, latent heating: the rate, expressed in watts (Britishthermal units), that the equipment adds latent heat to the airpassing through it under specific conditions of operation.capacity, sensible heating: the rate, expressed in watts (Brit-ish thermal units), that the e
37、quipment adds sensible heat to theair passing through it under specific conditions of operation.capacity, total heating: the rate, expressed in watts (Britishthermal units), that the equipment adds heat to the air passingthrough it under specific conditions of operation.electric resistance heater: t
38、he electric resistance elementlocated in the indoor airstream of the equipment under test.equilibrium conditions: UUT inlet conditions that fall withinallowable variations as stated in Table 1 of this standard.heat leakage factor: the amount of energy (Btu/hF) transferacross a surface or surfaces fo
39、r a given temperature differ-ence. heating coil: a hydronic or steam coil located in the indoorairstream of the equipment under test. hybrid calorimeter: a test facility consisting of a fully func-tional balanced ambient or calibrated calorimeter with addi-tional psychrometric test apparatus include
40、d within theindoor-side compartment and possibly in the outdoor-sidecompartment.indoor air enthalpy test method: a procedure for determiningindoor cooling or heating capacity that involves measurementof the enthalpy of air entering and leaving the equipment andthe mass airflow rate leaving the equip
41、ment.indoor coil: the heat exchanger that removes heat from oradds heat to the conditioned space by the vapor compressioncycle.leakage airflow: the amount of air interchanged between theroom side and outdoor side through the air conditioner as aresult of construction features or sealing techniques.
42、outdoor coil: the heat exchanger that rejects heat to orabsorbs heat from a source external to the conditioned spaceby the vapor compression cycle. packaged terminal air conditioner: a wall sleeve and a sepa-rate unencased combination of heating and cooling assem-ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 16-2016 3blies
43、specified by the manufacturer and intended formounting through the wall; includes refrigeration compo-nents, separable outdoor louvers, forced ventilation, and heat-ing availability by purchasers choice of at least hot water,steam, or electrical resistance heat.packaged terminal heat pump: a separat
44、e unencased refriger-ation system installed in a cabinet of the same function andconfiguration to that of a packaged terminal air conditioner;uses reverse cycle refrigeration as its prime heat source andhas other supplementary heat sources with the choice of atleast hot water, steam, or electric res
45、istance heat.pressure, standard barometric: a barometric pressure of101.325 kPa (14.696 psia or 29.921 in. Hg). qualification test: a procedure employed for verifying theaccuracy of the measuring techniques (temperature, airflowrates, duct heater calibration) employed in determination ofsimulated he
46、ating capacity of a UUT. This qualification pro-cedure is employed in the verification of the air enthalpy mea-surements.recirculated airflow: the air discharged from the air condi-tioner to the conditioned space when all UUT ventilatingdampers are closed. recognized third-party laboratory: an ISO 1
47、7025 accreditedlaboratory with measurements from all instruments traceableto primary or secondary standards calibrated by the NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology (NIST), or to theBureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) if aNational Metrology Institute (NMI) other than NIST is used
48、,and having the product types covered in this standard withinthe laboratorys scope of accreditation. room air conditioner: an encased assembly designed as a unitfor mounting in a window or through the wall for the purposeof providing conditioned air to an enclosed space; systemsinclude cooling only
49、or cooling and heating, and may incor-porate ventilation. room calorimeter: a test facility consisting of an indoor-sidecompartment and an outdoor-side compartment, each equippedwith instrumented reconditioning equipment. The output of thisequipment is measured and controlled to counterbalance theroom-side total cooling effect of the equipment under test. standard air I-P: dry air at 21.1C (70F) and 101.325 kPa(14.696 psia) (at conditions, dry air has a mass density of0.075 lb/ft3).standard air SI: dry air at 21.1C (70F) and 101.325 kPa(14.696 psia)
