1、Building Services PipingASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B31.9-2014(Revision of ASME B31.9-2011)ASME B31.9-2014(Revision of ASME B31.9-2011)BuildingServices PipingASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USAD
2、ate of Issuance: April 28, 2014The next edition of this Code is scheduled for publication in 2017. This Code will become effective6 months after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Code.Interpretations, Code Cases, and
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10、rpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permissio
11、n of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2014 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viIntroduction . viiiSummary of Changes xChapter I Scope and De
12、finitions 1900 General . 1Chapter II Design. 9Part 1 Conditions and Criteria . 9901 Design Conditions 9902 Design Criteria 9Part 2 Pressure Design of Piping Components 11903 Criteria for Pressure Design of Piping Components 11904 Pressure Design of Components . 11Part 3 Selection and Limitation of C
13、omponents 14905 Pipe 14906 Fittings, Bends, and Intersections 15907 Valves 15908 Flanges, Blanks, Gaskets, and Bolting 15Part 4 Selection and Limitation of Joints . 15910 Piping Joints 15911 Welded Joints . 15912 Flanged Joints . 16913 Mechanical and Proprietary Joints . 16914 Threaded Joints . 1691
14、5 Flared, Flareless, and Compression Joints 16916 Bell and Spigot Joints . 16917 Brazed and Soldered Joints 16Part 5 Expansion, Flexibility, and Support . 17919 Expansion and Flexibility 17920 Loads on Pipe-Supporting Elements . 20921 Design of Pipe-Supporting Elements . 21Part 6 Systems 25922 Desig
15、n Requirements Pertaining to Specific Piping Systems 25Chapter III Materials 26923 Materials General Requirements 26Chapter IV Component Requirements and Standard Practices 28926 Dimensions and Ratings of Components . 28Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection . 34927 Welded Fabrication of Meta
16、ls 34928 Brazing and Soldering of Metals . 39929 Bending 40930 Forming 40931 Heat Treatment . 40934 Fabrication of Nonmetals 40935 Assembly . 41iiiChapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing 43936 Inspection and Examination . 43937 Leak Testing 44Figures900.1.2 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Pip
17、ing Drum-Type Boilers 2904.2.2 Nomenclature for Miter Joints . 12921.1.3-1 Support Spans for Standard Wall Steel Pipe 22921.1.3-2 Support Spans for Copper and Thermoplastic Pipe . 23927.4.3-1 Fillet Weld Size . 35927.4.3-2 Minimum Weld Size, Setback, and Depth of Insertion for Slip-On andSocket Weld
18、 Flanges 36927.4.3-3 Minimum Welding Dimensions for Socket-Welding Components Other ThanFlanges . 36927.4.5-1 Acceptable Welds for Flat Heads 37927.4.5-2 Unacceptable Welds for Flat Heads 37927.4.6-1 Typical Weld Branch Connections . 38927.4.6-2 Typical Weld Details 38Tables902.4.3 Joint Factors, E
19、11904.2.1 Pipe Thickness for Bends 12917.3 Rated Internal Working Pressures of Joints Made With Copper WaterTube and Solder Joint Fittings, psig 17919.3.1 Moduli of Elasticity and Thermal Expansion Coefficients . 18921.2.2 Capacities of Threaded ASTM A36 Steel Rods . 24926.1 Component Standards and
20、Specifications 29926.2 Standard Practices 33Mandatory AppendicesI Stress Tables 47II Allowable Pressures for Nonmetallic, Nonplastic Pressure Piping . 57III Reference Standards . 58IV Preparation of Technical Inquiries . 61Nonmandatory AppendicesA Nonmandatory Quality System Program . 62B Seismic De
21、sign and Retrofit of Piping Systems . 63Index 67ivFOREWORDThe need for a national code for pressure piping became increasingly evident from 1915 to1925. The American Standards Association (ASA) initiated the B31 Project in March 1926 to meetthat need. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (AS
22、ME) proposed the work and hasserved as sponsor since its inception.The first edition was published in 1935 as the American Tentative Standard Code for PressurePiping. To keep the Code abreast of developments in design, welding, and of new standards andspecifications, as well as of developments in se
23、rvice conditions, new or supplementary editionswere issued as follows:B31.1-1942 American Standard Code for Pressure PipingB31.1a-1944 Supplement 1B31.1b-1947 Supplement 2B31.1-1951 American Standard Code for Pressure PipingB31.1a-1953 Supplement 1 to B31.1-1951B31.1-1955 American Standard Code for
24、Pressure PipingIn 1955, a decision was made to develop and publish separate Code Sections for variousindustries. The current Sections areB31.1 Power PipingB31.3 Process PipingB31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids and SlurriesB31.5 Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer ComponentsB31.8 Ga
25、s Transmission and Distribution Piping SystemsB31.9 Building Services PipingB31.12 Hydrogen Piping and PipelinesIn 1969, ASA, renamed the United States of America Standards Institute (USASI), became theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), and the B31 Sectional Committee became theB31 Standa
26、rds Committee. In 1978, ASME was granted accreditation by ANSI to organize theB31 Committee as the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, with Code Sections designated asANSI/ASME B31.Need for a separate Building Services Section of the Code for Pressure Piping was recognizedfor several years. This new Code
27、 Section, ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping, first issued in1982, was developed to fill that need.The Code has intentionally been written on a conservative basis in order to avoid the necessityfor complex design, fabrication, and inspection criteria. For this reason, application of this Codeis exp
28、ected to be simple and straightforward.Metric (SI) units have been added in parentheses after U.S. Customary units. This Code isbased on U.S. Customary units. The 2008 edition was approved by ANSI on April 1, 2008, anddesignated as ASME B31.9-2008.The 2011 edition of B31.9 contained revisions to the
29、 definitions and materials section of theStandard. Additionally, the allowable stress values were updated to the 3.5 design margin.The 2014 edition of B31.9 includes revisions to materials and the standards for material specifica-tions, and other errata found in the Code.Following approval by the B3
30、1 Main Committee and the ASME Board on Pressure TechnologyCodes and Standards, and after public review, this Code Section was approved by ANSI onMarch 18, 2014.vASME B31 COMMITTEECode for Pressure Piping(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Code.)STANDARDS COM
31、MITTEE OFFICERSM. L. Nayyar, ChairJ. E. Meyer, Vice ChairN. Lobo, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELR. J. Appleby, ExxonMobil Development Co.C. Becht IV, Becht Engineering Co., Inc.A. E. Beyer, Fluor EnterprisesK. C. Bodenhamer, EPCO, Inc.R. Bojarczuk, ExxonMobil Research it does not do away wit
32、h the need for the designer or for competentengineering judgment.To the greatest possible extent, Code requirements for design are stated in terms of basic designprinciples and formulas. These are supplemented as necessary with specific requirements toensure uniform application of principles and to
33、guide selection and application of piping elements.The Code prohibits designs and practices known to be unsafe and contains warnings wherecaution, but not prohibition, is warranted.(a) This Code Section includes(1) references to acceptable material specifications and component standards, includingdi
34、mensional requirements and pressuretemperature ratings(2) requirements for design of components and assemblies, including pipe supports(3) requirements and data for evaluation and limitation of stresses, reactions, and movementsassociated with pressure, temperature changes, and other forces(4) guida
35、nce and limitations on the selection and application of materials, components, andjoining methods(5) requirements for the fabrication, assembly, and erection of piping(6) requirements for examination, inspection, and testing of pipingIt is intended that this Edition of Code Section B31.9 not be retr
36、oactive. Unless agreement isspecifically made between contracting parties to use another issue, or the regulatory body havingjurisdiction imposes the use of another issue, the latest edition issued at least 6 months prior tothe original contract date for the first phase of activity covering a piping
37、 system or systems shallbe the governing document for all design, materials, fabrication, erection, examination, and testingfor the piping until the completion of the work and initial operation.Users of this Code are cautioned against making use of revisions without assurance that theyare acceptable
38、 to the proper authorities in the jurisdiction where the piping is to be installed.Code users will note that clauses in the Code are not necessarily numbered consecutively. Suchdiscontinuities result from following a common outline, insofar as practicable, for all CodeSections. In this way, correspo
39、nding material is correspondingly numbered in most Code Sections,thus facilitating reference by those who have occasion to use more than one Section.The Code is under the direction of ASME Committee B31, Code for Pressure Piping, which isorganized and operates under ASME procedures that have been ac
40、credited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute. The Committee is a continuing one and keeps all Code Sectionscurrent with new developments in materials, construction, and industrial practice. New editionsare published at intervals of 3 to 5 years.It is the owners responsibility to select the C
41、ode Section that most nearly applies to a proposedpiping installation. Different Code Sections may apply to different parts of an installation. Factorsto be considered by the owner include: limitations of the Code Section, jurisdictional requirements,and the applicability of other codes and standard
42、s. All applicable requirements of the selectedCode Section shall be met, and the owner should impose additional requirements supplementingthose of the Code in order to ensure safe piping for the proposed installation.viii(b) Rules for each Code Section have been developed considering the need for ap
43、plicationspecific requirements for the pressure piping involved. Applications considered for each CodeSection include(1) B31.1,PowerPiping piping typically found in electric power generating stations, indus-trial and institutional plants, geothermal heating systems, and central and district heating
44、andcooling systems(2) B31.3, Process Piping piping typically found in petroleum refineries; chemical, textile,paper, semiconductor, and cryogenic plants; and related processing plants and terminals(3) B31.4, Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids and Slurries piping for transportingpredominantl
45、y liquid products between plants and terminals and within terminals, and forpumping, regulating, and metering stations(4) B31.5, Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components piping for refrigerants andsecondary coolants(5) B31.8, Gas Transportation and Distribution Piping Systems piping for tra
46、nsporting pre-dominantly gas products between sources and terminals, including compressor, regulating, andmetering stations; and gas gathering pipelines(6) B31.9, Building Services Piping piping for industrial, institutional, commercial, andpublic buildings, and multi-unit residences, which does not
47、 require the range of sizes, pressures,and temperatures covered in B31.1(7) B31.12, Hydrogen Piping and Pipelines piping in gaseous and liquid hydrogen service,and pipelines in gaseous hydrogen service(c) Certain piping within a facility may be subject to other codes and standards, including butnot
48、limited to(1) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III nuclear power piping(2) ANSI Z223.1, National Fuel Gas Code fuel gas piping from the point of delivery to theconnections of each gas utilization device(3) NFPA Fire Protection Standards fire protection systems using water and other mate
49、rialssuch as carbon dioxide, halon, foam, dry chemicals, and wet chemicals(4) NFPA 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code(5) NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities medical and laboratory gas systemsThe Committee has established an orderly procedure to consider requests for interpretationand revision of Code requirements. To receive consideration, inquiries must be in writing andmust give full particulars (see Mandatory Appendix IV, Preparation of Technical Inquiries). Theapproved reply to an inquiry will be sent directly to the inquirer. In addition, the qu
