ANSI ASME PTC 6-2004 Steam Turbines (Erratum 2 2006).pdf

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1、Performance Test CodesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDSteam TurbinesASME PTC 6-2004(Revision of ASME PTC 6-1996)Intentionally left blank ASME PTC 6-2004(Revision of ASME PTC 6-1996)Steam TurbinesPerformance Test CodesThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDate of Issuance: Oct

2、ober 31, 2005This Code will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be noaddenda issued to ASME PTC 6-2004.ASME issues written replies to inquiries as code cases and interpretations of technical aspects of thisdocument. Code cases and interpretations are publis

3、hed on the ASME Web site under the CommitteePages at http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan-dards.

4、 The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from com-petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avail-able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additio

5、nal public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with an

6、y itemsmentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringe-ment of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advisedthat determination of the validity of any such patent

7、 rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely theirown responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as gov-ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for o

8、nly those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior wr

9、itten permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSNotice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiCommitee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xCorrespondence With the PTC 6 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiSection 1 Object and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 Object . . .

12、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 Full-Scale and Alternative Tests . . . . . .

13、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4 Conformance to Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-5 Additional Requirements and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14、 2Section 2 Definitions and Description of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-1 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32-2 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32-3 Subscripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42-4 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62-5 Table for Conversion to SI Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 3 Guiding Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73-1 Planning f

17、or Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73-2 Items on Which Agreement Shall be Reached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73-3 Timing of Acceptance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83-4 General Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93-5 Isolation of the Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103-6 Location

19、of Turbine Valve Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113-7 Number of Test Runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123-8 Testing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123-9 Frequency of Observations and Duration of Test Runs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143-10 Calibration of Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153-11 Steam Pressu

21、re and Temperature Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173-12 Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173-13 Methods of Comparing Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173-14 Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Section 4 Instruments and Methods of Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204-1 General . . . . . .

23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204-2 Measurement of Mechanical Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214-3 Measurement of Feedwater Pump Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224-4 Measurement of Electrical Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244-5 A-C Generator Test Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274-6 D-C Generator Test Instruments

25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284-7 Calibration of Electrical Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294-8 Primary Flow Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、 . . . . . . . 294-9 Installation of Flow Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384-10 Flow Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454-11 Other Flow-Measuring Device

27、s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454-12 Measurement of Steam Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454-13 Measurement of Water Flow Using Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28、. . . . . . 454-14 Differential-Pressure Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464-15 Enthalpy-Drop Method for Steam-Flow Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48iii4-16 Additional Flow Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494-17 Measurement of Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514-18 Measurement of Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574-19 Me

30、thods of Determining Steam Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594-20 Measurement of Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644-21 Measurement of Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644-22 Measurement of Water Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Section 5 Computation of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655-1

32、Deviations From Specified Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655-2 Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655-3 Test Data Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655-4 Throttle-Steam Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665-5 Capability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . . . . . . . .665-6 Steam Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665-7 Heat Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .665-8 Correction of th

35、e Test Results to Specified Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675-9 Calculation of Turbine Exhaust Steam Enthalpy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675-10 Turbine Efficiency and Effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、 . . . . . 705-11 Calculation of Group 1 Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715-12 Calculation of Group 2 Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715-13 Average Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Section 6 Report of Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736-1 Turbine Generator Acceptance Test Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、. . . . . . 73Section 7 Required Number of Readings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747-2 Illustrations . . . . . . . . .

39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .747-3 Effect of Flow Nozzle Differentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747-4 Effect of Throttle Steam Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757-5 Combining Readings From More Than One Sensor or Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767-6 Estimated Effect of all Readings for the Entire Test Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767-7 Development of Fig. 3-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767-8 Standard Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767-9 Discussion on Fig. 7-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42、767-10 Standard Deviation of the Averages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767-11 Uncertainty Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767-12 Formula for NRH11005 NH33526aLine in Fig. 3-1 .

43、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807-13 Development of NaLines in Fig. 3-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Section 8 Group 1 Corrections for the Alternative Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

44、8-1 Corrections to Specified Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828-2 Cycle Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828-3 Correction Factor Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828-4 Sample Group 1 Correction Curves for Fossil Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828-5 Sample Group 1 Correction Curves for Nuclear Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Section 9 Rationale for

46、 Heat Rate Testing Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919-1 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919-2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919-3 Heat Rate Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919-4 Measurement Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48、. . . . . . . 919-5 Variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .919-6 Uncertainty Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919-7 Typical Test Uncertai

49、nty Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91ivFigures2-1 Temperature-Entropy Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53-1 Required Number of Readings (NR) Corresponding to 0.05% Effect on the Test Results Due to Scatter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163-2 Corrected First Stage Inlet (Bowl) Pressure vs. Corrected Throttle Flow for Use in Determining Predicted VWO Throttle Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183-3 Corr

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