1、 STD-ASQ DbO300-3-2-ENGL 1777 m 075950b 00023Li7 570 m ANSUIEC/ASQ D60300-3 -2- 1997 Dependability management Part 3: application guide- Section 2: collection of dependablty data from the field Approved as an American National Standard by: American Society for Quality - STDOASQ Db0300-3-2-ENGL 1997
2、W 075950b 0002350 202 ANSI/ I EC/ASQ 060300-3-2- 1997 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Dependability Management-Part 3: Application Guide- Section 2: Collection of Dependability Data from the Field Approved as an American National Standard by: American Society for Quality An American National Standard App
3、roved on September 16, 1997 American National Standards: An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence
4、 of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and us
5、ers are cautioned to obtain the latest edition. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years fr
6、om the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. 01993 by IEC Copyright Protection Notice for the ANSI/IEC/ASQ 060300-3-2- 1997 Standard. This standard is subject to
7、 copyright claims of IEC, ANSI and ASQ. Not for resale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ASQ. All requests pertaining to the ANSI/IEC/ASQ D603OO-3-2-1997 standard should be submitted to ASQ. N
8、ote: As used in the document, the term “International Standard refers to the American National Standard adoption of this and other International Standards. ASQ Mission: To facilitate continuous improvement and increase customer satisfac- tion by identifying, communicating, and promoting the use of q
9、uality principles, concepts, and technologies; and thereby be recognized throughout the world as the leading authority on, and champion for, quality. 10987654321 Printed in the United States of America Printed on acid-free paper Published by: American Society for uality Quality Press 61 1 East Wisco
10、nsin Avenue Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 -3005 800-248-1 946 Web site hltpJlwww.asq.org . STD.ASQ Db0300-3-2-ENGL 1997 075950b 0002352 O5 ANSIA EC/ASQ D60300-3-2-1997 Contents Page Foreword . 1 Introduction 2 Clause 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a Scope . 3 Normative references . 3 Definitions . 4 Objectives and limi
11、tations of data collection . 4 Sources and methods of data collection . 5 5.1 Sources . 5 5.2 Personnel experience . 7 5.3 Data base . . 7 Data required . : 7 6.1 Basic information . 6.2 Environmental classes of equipment . 6.3 Environmental conditions 8 6.4 Operating conditions 9 6.5 Performance me
12、asurements . 10 6.6 Maintenance support conditions . . 11 Analysis of collected data . . . 11 . . Presentation of results . 12 Annex A Bibliography . . 13 iii STD-ASQ Db0300-3-2-ENGL 1797 075750b 0002353 TLL - ANSI/I EC/ASQ D60300-3-2-1997 DIS Dependability Management Part 3: Application guide Secti
13、on 2: Collection of dependability data from the field Foreword Report on voting The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote inter
14、national cooperation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee inter- ested in the
15、 subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (EO) in accordance with condit
16、ions determined by agreement between the two organizations. The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by technical commit- tees on which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as possible, an international
17、consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with. They have the form of recommendations for international use published in the form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. In order to promote international unification, IEC National Com
18、mittees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. International Standard I
19、EC 300-3-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 56: Dependability. This standard cancels and replaces IEC 362, published in 1971. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: I 56(C0)156 I 56(C0)170 I Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be f
20、ound in the report on voting indicated in the above table. Annex A is for information only. 1 STDDASQ Db0300-3-2-ENGL 1797 075750b 0002354 958 ANSVIEC/ASQ D60300-3-2-1997 Introduction Reliability data are needed to support many important activities in the life of products and services, e.g. availabi
21、lity evaluation, maintenance decisions, design changes and performance monitoring. It is judged that if the guidelines in this section of IEC 300-3 are followed, accuracy and completeness of reporting are ensured and the quality of the monitored items and their parts can be improved. Moreover, the i
22、nterchange of information between users and suppliers will be facilitated. 2 STD-ASQ Dh0300-3-2-ENGL 1997 07595Ob 0002355 894 W ANSI/IEC/ASQ D60300-3-2-1997 Dependability Management Part 3: Application guide Section 2: Collection of dependability data from the field 1 Scope This section of IEC 60300
23、-3 provides guidelines for the collection of data relating to reliability, maintain- ability, availability and maintenance support performance of items operating in the field. It deals in gen- eral terms with the practical aspects of data collection and presentation and briefly explores the related
24、topics of data analysis and presentation of results. This section can be applied during monitoring of samples of items or, more widely, of whole populations. It is applicable, without restriction to diverse items, from components to systems and networks, includ- ing hardware, software and man/machin
25、e interactions. The items considered may have been designed, manufactured, installed, operated and maintained by one or more organizations. This section applies to all possible relationships between suppliers and users. It applies to situations where some items may be repaired on site while others m
26、ay only be replaced on site and repaired at centralized facilities. No recommendations are made, however, as to how to organize maintenance support. This section makes no distinction between data on failures or data on operation without failures or faults. 2 Normative references The following normat
27、ive documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this section of IEC 60300-3. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this section of IEC 300-3 a
28、re encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document listed below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60050( 191 ): 1990, International flectrotechnical Vocabulary (LEV)-Chapter 19 1: Dependa
29、bility and quality of service 3 STDmASQ Db0300-3-2-ENGL 1777 075950b 000235b 720 M ANSUIEC/ASQ D60300-3-2-1997 3 Definitions For the purpose of this section of IEC 300-3 the terms and definitions of iEC(50)191 apply. 4 Objectives and limitations of data collection In order to obtain maximum efficien
30、cy from the data collection scheme, it is suggested that the pro- grammes for reporting, analysis and dissemination of results be closely co-ordinated. In addition, the co-operation of individuals supplying the field data is essential and often critical to the success of the data collection process.
31、 It is important that they are aware of their valuable contributions to the project and are kept informed of progress. There are obvious advantages in making a data collection scheme as broad and robust as possible, but there is still a need to be aware that information might inadvertently be exclud
32、ed at the point of col- lection. For this reason, it is important when setting up a data collection scheme to identify, define and document its primary purposes clearly. It is true that subsidiary factors which justify data collection will, and usually do, appear retrospectively once the data collec
33、tion scheme is in operation. These are highly beneficial in fulfilling the need for information by providing unexpected insight into the physical systems. However, it should be realized that a collection scheme which ideally satisfies certain objectives or cri- teria may well be far from ideal in ot
34、her respects. Field reporting may have to be limited by economic constraints to the minimum necessary to meet the stated requirement, while recognizing that collection systems should be capable of future expansion. It should, however, be realized that information to be extracted will be limited to t
35、hat collected and it is essential at the outset to be clear about objectives. The specific objectives of the field data collection and presentation are as follows: a) to permit surveys of the actual performance levels of the items being monitored, for the informa- tion of management, planning, opera
36、tion and maintenance support functions and for supporting personnel training; b) to indicate a possible need for the improvement of: - items already installed and in operation - further items to be delivered -the structure of the system - operation and maintenance strategies and procedures - product
37、 documentation: c) to influence development of future designs: d) to identiy fault modes, failure causes and possibly failure mechanisms: 4 ANSI/IEC/ASQ D60300-3-2-1997 e) to compare the specified or predicted measures of the item(s) with the actual field performance; f) to improve data bases and pr
38、ocedures for predictions; g) to inform suppliers about the performance of their products on a regular basis or on a single occasion. 5 Sources and methods of data collection It is likely that some data may be needed for more than one purpose, and careful consideration can therefore lead to the most
39、cost-effective data collection scheme. Data may be collected from the field in the following situations: a) where the entire population is known and field data are regularly or routinely reported; b) where a sample is judged to be representative of the whole population and used to supply field data
40、on a regular or routinely reported basis; c) where field data are generated from an unstructured environment and only a proportion of the fail- ures are reported; d) where customer perception surveys or customer complaints are used as the basis for analytical studies. Every effort should be made to
41、avoid implicit or explicit assumptions which can lead to estimates and forecasts based on reliability data being seriously in error. To investigate such assumptions, it is desir- able to base reliability data collection on events rather than on monitoring of periods of time. However, this necessitat
42、es considerably more data storage capacity in order to hold information on actual event times. No particular format will be recommended in this section for the recording medium (for example, paper base or computer data base). However, early consideration of the format is necessary for the setting-up
43、 of an effective data collection scheme; this subsequently aids efficient processing. Often, the recording of the data will be manual, but automated and interactive data collection systems may also be considered. The advantages of storing data in a suitable form for electronic data process- ing incl
44、ude easy and accurate updating and the possibility of new and extended analyses. 5.1 Sources The following sources of data will usually be available: a preventive and corrective maintenance; b) repair activities (on site, at repair shop); c) complaint centre; 5 ANSVIEC/ASQ D60300-3-2-1997 d) perform
45、ance measurements (e.g. anomaly reports, traffic measurements, operational log-books, environmental measurements); e) inventory information (e.9. stocklists, installation lists, modifications, and a regularly updated data base for configuration control). 5.1.1 Use reporting Reporting should include
46、information on conditions of utilization. Where the items are under composite mission profile (operation, configuration, standby, storage, transportation, test, etc.) it is necessary to collect data on their different kinds of usage. 5.1.2 Failure reporting At any level, failure reporting is depende
47、nt on the fault coverage of the test resources. Events which belong to the “fault not repeating” and “right when tested” categories should be clearly identified as such. Failure reporting should cover,all failures observed. The reports should contain all relevant information to help in describing fa
48、ilures (for example, maintenance actions suspected of being correlated with each failure should be noted). The failure reporting scheme should be sufficiently comprehensive to cover the requirements of a detailed investigation of individual failures and the resulting faults. Where economics or lack
49、of resources make it impossible to collect all of the failure data indicated, it may be desirable to agree upon a con- densed scheme which collects limited data on all relevant failures, with an option to call for the full report in specific cases. The aim of the form is to provide a maximum of unambiguous information with a minimum of effort. To this end, the form should be structured so as to be easy to complete, with the required information being gathered in a multiple-choice question format requiring only yes/no answers. 5.1.3 Maintenance reporting The maintenance report s
