1、Designation: D1675 03 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Methods forPolytetrafluoroethylene Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing p
3、oly-tetrafluoroethylene tubing for use as electrical insulation. Theprocedures appear in the following sections:Procedure SectionsASTMMethodsConditioning 7 .Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 28 30 D149, D876Inside Diameter 8 13 D876Mandrel Bend Test 46 52 D149, D876Melting Point 41 45 D3418, D4895Penetra
4、tion Test 26 and 27 D876Specific Gravity 36 40 D792, D1505Strain Relief 3135 .Volatile Loss 2025 .Wall Thickness 1419 .NOTE 1These test methods are similar but not identical to those inIEC 606842.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standardexcept for temperature, which is stated in deg
5、rees Celsius.Values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-b
6、ility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see Section 5.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD792 Test Methods for
7、 Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD876 Test Methods for Nonrigid Vinyl Chloride PolymerTubing Used for Electrical InsulationD1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD3418 T
8、est Method for Transition Temperatures and En-thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers byDifferential Scanning CalorimetryD3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used inElectrical ApparatusD4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Resin Produced From DispersionE176 Termi
9、nology of Fire Standards2.2 IEC Standards606842 Flexible Insulating SleevesPart 2: Methods ofTest33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions pertaining to electrical insulation, referto Terminology D1711.3.1.2 For definitions pertaining to fire standards, refer toTerminology E176.3.2 Defini
10、tions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent melting point, nthe temperature at whichthe appearance of the plastic changes from opaque to transpar-ent.3.2.2 strain relief, na dimensional change brought aboutby subjecting the tubing to an elevated temperature.3.2.3 volatile loss, nthe redu
11、ction in weight by vaporiza-tion under controlled conditions.4. Significance and Use4.1 The test methods in this standard are considered impor-tant to characterize polytetrafluoroethylene tubing. They areintended primarily for, but not limited to polytetrafluoroethyl-ene tubing.1These test methods a
12、re under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous
13、edition approved in 2003 as D1675 03. DOI:10.1520/D1675-03R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website
14、.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2 Variations in these methods or alternate contemporarym
15、ethods of measurement may be used to determine the valuesfor the properties in this standard provided such methodsensure quality levels and measurement accuracy equal to orbetter than those prescribed herein. It is the responsibility ofthe organizations using alternate test methods to be able todemo
16、nstrate this condition. In cases of dispute, the methodsspecified herein shall be used.NOTE 2Provision for alternate methods is necessary because of (1) thedesire to simplify procedures for specific applications, and (2) the desireto eliminate redundant testing and use data generated during manufact
17、ur-ing process control, including that generated under Statistical ProcessControl (SPC) conditions, using equipment and methods other than thosespecified herein. An example would be the use of laser micrometers oroptical comparators to measure dimensions.5. Hazards5.1 Lethal voltages may be present
18、during this test. It isessential that the test apparatus, and all associated equipmentthat may be electrically connected to it, be properly designedand installed for safe operation. Solidly ground all electricallyconductive parts that any person might come in contact withduring the test. Provide mea
19、ns for use at the completion of anytest to ground any parts which: were at high voltage during thetest; may have acquired an induced charge during the test; mayretain a charge even after disconnection of the voltage source.Thoroughly instruct all operators in the proper way to conducttests safely. W
20、hen making high voltage tests, particularly incompressed gas or in oil, the energy released at breakdownmay be suffcient to result in fire, explosion, or rupture of thetest chamber. Design test equipment, test chambers, and testspecimens so as to minimize the possibility of such occurrencesand to el
21、iminate the possibility of personal injury. See Section28.5.2 Toxic Chemicals from Thermal Decomposition:5.2.1 Polytetrafluoroethylene at temperatures above 200Cmay produce sufficient toxic vapors to be hazardous in aconfined area. Sufficient ventilation must be provided in alltests where the materi
22、al is subjected to testing above 200C.(See Sections 7, 23, 26, 33, and 43.)6. Selection of Test Specimens6.1 In the case of material on spools or in coils, remove anddiscard at least two turns of the product before selectingmaterial for samples from which to prepare test specimens.6.2 In the case of
23、 material offered in cut lengths, do notprepare specimens from samples of material closer than 1 in.(25 mm) from each end.6.3 Do not use specimens with obvious defects unless thepurpose of the test is to determine the effects of these defects.7. Conditioning7.1 (WarningSee 5.2.)7.2 Unless otherwise
24、specified, condition and test speci-mens at least 3 h at 23 6 2C (73.4 6 4F) and 50 6 5%relative humidity.INSIDE DIAMETER8. Significance and Use8.1 The inside diameter is of importance in determining theproper physical fit of the tubing.9. Apparatus9.1 Gage RodsUse standard gage steel rods with smoo
25、thsurfaces and hemispherical ends having diameters within60.0002 in. (60.005 mm) of the values listed as maxima andminima in Table 1. A set of two gages (“go” and “no go”) isrequired for each size of tubing.NOTE 3Tapered steel gages as described in Test Methods D876 maybe used as an alternate. These
26、 gages are not practical, however, for tubingsmaller than Size No. 20.10. Test Specimens10.1 Cut five specimens of any convenient length, but notless than 3 in. (75 mm) long, from the sample. Do not testkinked specimens.11. Procedure11.1 Insert the minimum gage rod for the size tubing undertest into
27、 the specimen for a distance of at least 1 in. (25 mm)if possible, noting whether the rod is easily inserted andwithdrawn without appreciable force. If the rod cannot bereadily inserted and removed, consider the specimen as havingan inside diameter less than the minimum.TABLE 1 Sizes of Polytetraflu
28、oroethylene TubingSizeInside Diameter, in. (mm)Maximum Minimum Nominal1 in. 1.060 (26.98) 1.000 (25.40) .78 in. 0.927 (23.55) 0.875 (22.23) .34 in. 0.795 (20.19) 0.750 (19.05) .58 in. 0.662 (16.81) 0.625 (15.88) .12 in. 0.530 (13.46) 0.500 (12.70) .716 in. 0.464 (11.79) 0.438 (11.38) .38 in. 0.399 (
29、10.13) 0.375 (9.53) .No. 0 0.347 (8.81) 0.325 (8.25) 0.330 (8.38)No. 1 0.311 (7.90) 0.289 (7.34) 0.294 (7.47)No. 2 0.278 (7.06) 0.258 (6.55) 0.263 (6.68)No. 3 0.249 (6.32) 0.229 (5.82) 0.234 (5.94)No. 4 0.224 (5.69) 0.204 (5.18) 0.208 (5.28)No. 5 0.198 (5.03) 0.182 (4.62) 0.186 (4.72)No. 6 0.178 (4.
30、52) 0.162 (4.11) 0.166 (4.22)No. 7 0.158 (4.01) 0.144 (3.66) 0.148 (3.76)No. 8 0.141 (3.58) 0.129 (3.28) 0.133 (3.38)No. 9 0.124 (3.15) 0.114 (2.90) 0.118 (3.00)No. 10 0.112 (2.84) 0.102 (2.78) 0.106 (2.69)No. 11 0.101 (2.57) 0.091 (2.31) 0.095 (2.41)No. 12 0.091 (2.31) 0.081 (2.06) 0.085 (2.16)No.
31、13 0.082 (2.08) 0.072 (1.83) 0.075 (1.91)No. 14 0.074 (1.88) 0.064 (1.63) 0.066 (1.68)No. 15 0.067 (1.70) 0.057 (1.45) 0.059 (1.50)No. 16 0.061 (1.55) 0.051 (1.30) 0.053 (1.35)No. 17 0.054 (1.37) 0.045 (1.14) 0.047 (1.19)No. 18 0.049 (1.24) 0.040 (1.02) 0.042 (1.07)No. 19 0.044 (1.12) 0.036 (0.91) 0
32、.038 (0.97)No. 20 0.040 (1.02) 0.032 (0.81) 0.034 (0.86)No. 22 0.032 (0.81) 0.026 (0.66) 0.028 (0.71)No. 24 0.027 (0.69) 0.020 (0.51) 0.022 (0.56)No. 26 0.022 (0.56) 0.016 (0.41) 0.018 (0.46)No. 28 0.019 (0.48) 0.013 (0.33) 0.015 (0.38)No. 30 0.015 (0.38) 0.010 (0.25) 0.012 (0.30)D1675 03 (2011)211.
33、2 Select a gage rod having the maximum size for thetubing under test.Attempt to insert the gage rod into the tubing.If the rod can be easily inserted to a distance of 1 in., the tubinghas an inside diameter that exceeds the specified maximum. Ifthe rod cannot be readily inserted, the tubing has an i
34、nsidediameter less than the maximum specified.12. Report12.1 Report the following information:12.1.1 Nominal size or size number of the tubing, and12.1.2 Size or size number as determined.13. Precision and Bias13.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but noinformation has been presented
35、 to ASTM International uponwhich to base a statement of precision. No activity has beenplanned to develop such information. This test method has nobias because the value for inside diameter is determined solelyin terms of this test method.WALL THICKNESS14. Significance and Use14.1 The wall thickness
36、 provides design data. It is alsouseful in computing certain physical and electrical propertiesof the tubing.15. Apparatus15.1 Dial MicrometerFor Size No. 22 and larger, use adial micrometer4equipped with a rod support for the specimenand a chisel-edge plunger. Use a gage with a minimumgraduation of
37、 0.0005 in. (0.01 mm) and a gaging load notexceeding 25 g. Use a rod made of hardened steel 0.020 in.(0.50 mm) in diameter and38 in. (9.5 mm) long. Ensure thatthe chisel edge of the plunger is flat and approximately 0.043in. (1.1 mm) across and516 in. (8 mm) long.15.2 MicroscopeFor Size No. 24 and s
38、maller, use anoptical means such as a toolmakers microscope.16. Test Specimens16.1 Cut five12-in. (13-mm) specimens free from kinksfrom the sample. Make the cut edge perpendicular to thelongitudinal axis of the sample.17. Procedure17.1 For Size No. 22 and larger, measure the wall thicknessof the spe
39、cimen using the rod and chisel apparatus by raisingthe chisel from the rod and placing the specimen on the rod insuch a manner that the rod passes through the center of thetubing specimen and rests flatly against the upper inside wall ofthe specimen. Gently lower the flat chisel edge until it restsl
40、ightly on the upper outside wall of the specimen. Rotate thetubing and determine the minimum and maximum wall thick-ness. The average of these two readings is the wall thickness ofthe specimen.17.2 For Size No. 24 and smaller, use a reference methodemploying optical means acceptable to both the manu
41、facturerand the purchaser to determine the maximum and minimumwall thickness.18. Report18.1 Report the following information:18.1.1 Nominal size or number of the tubing, and18.1.2 Minimum, maximum, and average wall thickness.19. Precision and Bias19.1 This test method has been in use for many years,
42、 but noinformation has been presented to ASTM International uponwhich to base a statement of precision. No activity has beenplanned to develop such information. This test method has nobias because the value for wall thickness is determined solelyin terms of this test method.VOLATILE LOSS20. Signific
43、ance and Use20.1 Volatile loss is indicative of the efficiency of removalof volatiles during processing, and may indicate the presenceof undesirable organic materials.21. Apparatus21.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest0.001 g.21.2 Oven, forced-convection type, capable of maintai
44、ningthe temperature set point to the tolerances shown in theprocedure.21.3 Desiccator.22. Test Specimens22.1 Cut three specimens in full section from the sample ina manner such that each specimen is at least 10 in. (250 mm)long and weighs at least 2 g.23. Procedure23.1 (WarningSee 5.2.)23.2 Dry thre
45、e specimens in an oven at 105 6 2.5C (220 64.5F) for 1 h, cool in a desiccator, and weigh immediatelyupon removal. Then, place the specimens on a horizontalsupport in an oven without touching each other or the sides ofthe oven, making certain to keep the specimens open through-out their entire lengt
46、hs. Maintain the specimens at 300 6 3C(572 6 6F), for 2 h. At the end of this period, remove thespecimens, cool in a desiccator, and weigh immediately uponremoval.24. Report24.1 Report the following information:24.1.1 Nominal size or size number of tubing, and4A dial-type micrometer, Gage Model 57B-
47、3, manufactured by Federal ProductsCorp., 1144 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02901, has been found satisfactory for thispurpose.D1675 03 (2011)324.1.2 Change in weight calculated as a percentage of theoriginal weight.25. Precision and Bias25.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but noinform
48、ation has been presented to ASTM International uponwhich to base a statement of precision. No activity has beenplanned to develop such information. This test method has nobias because the value for volatile loss is determined solely interms of this test method.PENETRATION TEST26. Procedure26.1 Deter
49、mine the penetration temperature in accordancewith Test Methods D876 with the following exception:26.1.1 (WarningSee 5.2.)26.1.2 To facilitate testing, the initial starting temperaturemay be taken at 150C (302F) instead of room temperature.For convenience, five penetration testers may be constructed totest simultaneously the required number of specimens.27. Precision and Bias27.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but noinformation has been presented to ASTM International uponwhich to base a statement of precision. No
