1、Designation: D6824 131An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDetermining Filterability of Aviation Turbine Fuel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial changes were made to 6.1.7, 10.1, and the Summary of Changes section in September 2013.1. Scope*1.1 T
3、his test method covers a procedure for determining thefilterability of aviation turbine fuels (for other middle distillatefuels, see Test Method D6426).NOTE 1ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this testmethod are Specifications D1655 and D6615 and the military fuelscovered in the m
4、ilitary specifications listed in 2.2.1.2 This test method is not applicable to fuels that containundissolved water.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafe
5、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1655 Specification for Aviation
6、 Turbine FuelsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contami-nation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4860 Test Method for Free Wate
7、r and Particulate Contami-nation in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Nu-merical Rating)D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia-tion Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products andLubr
8、icantsD6426 Test Method for Determining Filterability of MiddleDistillate Fuel OilsD6615 Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation TurbineFuel2.2 Military Standards:3MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4, JP-5,and JP-5/JP-8 STMIL-DTL-25524 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Thermally StableMIL-DTL-3
9、8219 Turbine Fuels, Low Volatility, JP-7MIL-DTL-83133 Turbine Fuels, Aviation, Kerosine Types,NATO F-34 (JP-8), NATO F-35, and JP-8+1003. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 filterability, na measure of the rapidity with which astandard filter medium is plugged by ins
10、oluble matter in fueland may be described as a function of pressure or volume:3.1.1.1 filterability (by pressure), nthe pressure dropacross a filter medium when 300 mL of fuel is passed at a rateof 20 mL/min.3.1.1.2 filterability (by volume), nthe volume of fuelpassed when a pressure of 104 kPa (15
11、psig) is reached.3.1.1.3 DiscussionFilterability by volume is used whenless than 300 mL passes the filter at a pressure up to 104 kPa(15 psig).3.1.1.4 filterability quality factor (F-QF), na value thatdefines the filter plugging tendency of a fuel caused byparticulates.3.1.1.5 DiscussionThe F-QF val
12、ue is calculated using thevolume and pressure attained at the end of the test cycle,according to one of two equations, depending on the outcomeof the test. (See Section 10, Calculations.)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A sample is passed at a constant rate (20 mL/min)through a standard porosity filter
13、medium. The pressure drop1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.J0.01 on Jet Fuel Specifications.Current edition approved June 15, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally
14、approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6824 07. DOI:10.1520/D6824-13E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document
15、 Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
16、hohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1across the filter and the volume of filtrate are monitored. Thetest is concluded either when the pressure drop across the filterexceeds 104 kPa (15 psig) or when 300 mL have passedthrough the filter.4.2 Results are reported as either the volume that has passedt
17、hrough the filter when a pressure of 104 kPa (15 psig) has beenreached or the pressure drop when 300 mL have passedthrough the filter.4.3 Verification of the apparatus is required when there is adoubt of a test result, or when the apparatus has not been usedfor three months or more. It is not necess
18、ary to verify apparatusperformance prior to each test.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended for use in the laboratory orfield in evaluating aviation turbine fuel cleanliness.5.2 A change in filtration performance after storage,pretreatment, or commingling can be indicative of chang
19、es infuel condition.5.3 Relative filterability of fuels may vary, depending onfilter porosity and structure, and may not always correlate withresults from this test method.5.4 Causes of poor filterability in industrial/refinery filtersinclude fuel degradation products, contaminants picked upduring s
20、torage or transfer, incompatibility of commingledfuels, or interaction of the fuel with the filter media. Any ofthese could correlate with orifice or filter system plugging, orboth.6. Apparatus6.1 Micro-Filter Analyzer4The apparatus is shown as adiagram in Fig. 1 and photographically in Fig. 2. It i
21、s capableof measuring pressure upstream of the filtering element and thevolume of sample passed through the filter at a preset pressurelevel. The apparatus is comprised of the following parts:6.1.1 Peristaltic Pump, variable speed/flow rate, with feed-back speed control, adjusted to provide fuel del
22、ivery at aconstant rate of 20 6 1 mL/min, and incorporating a pulsedampening mechanism to produce a smooth flow.6.1.2 Pressure Transducer, capable of measuring gaugepressure in the range from 0 to 104 kPa, in 1.0 kPa increments(0 to 15 psig, in 0.1 psig increments).6.1.3 Three Digital Displays, one
23、for pressure readoutcapable of interfacing with transducer (see 6.1.2) with displayrange from 0 to 104 kPa in 1.0 kPa increments (0 to 15 psig in0.1 psig increments), one for volume readout with displayrange from 0 to 300 mL in 1 mL increments, and one forfilterability quality factor (F-QF).NOTE 2Th
24、e micro-filter analyzer can display the pressure in eitherkPa or psig units by changing an internal jumper wire.6.1.4 Speed Controller, manual speed adjustment of theperistaltic pump to increase/decrease amount of sample deliv-ered for a given period of time.6.1.5 Fuel Reservoir Container, polytetra
25、fluoroethylene(PTFE), funnel shaped, 500-mL capacity.6.1.6 Collection Container, glass or plastic Erlenmeyerflask, 500-mL capacity.6.1.7 Flexible, Inert Tubing,5fuel compatible, nominal3.1-mm (0.12-in.) inner diameter.6.1.8 Plastic In-Line Splice Coupler, fuel compatible, ca-pable of being inserted
26、into, and making a seal in flexible, inerttubing (see 6.1.7).6.1.9 Plastic Tee Coupler, fuel compatible, capable of beinginserted into, and making a seal in flexible, inert tubing (see6.1.7).6.1.10 Plastic Coupler, fuel compatible, one end capable ofbeing inserted into, and making a seal in flexible
27、, inert tubing4The sole source of supply of the apparatus (Model 1143 Micro-Filter Analyzer)known to the committee at this time is available from EMCEE Electronics, Inc., 520Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285. If you are aware of alternate suppliers, pleaseprovide this information to ASTM Headquarters.
28、Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.5Tygon (trademarked) tubing was used in the round robin test program togenerate the precision and bias. Tygon is available from most laboratory supplyhouses. This is not an endors
29、ement of Tygon.NOTE 1Fuel flow from reservoir through pump to container.FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of Filterability ApparatusD6824 1312(see 6.1.7) and the other end into the filter unit (see 6.2).Luer-Lok (trademarked) couplers have been used successfully.6.2 FCell (trademarked)6Filter Unit, disposabl
30、e, precali-brated assembly consisting of a shell and plug containing a25-mm diameter nylon membrane filter of nominal 0.65-mpore size, nominal 60 % porosity, with a 158.9-mm2effectivefiltering area. Unit is labeled in green background with blacklettering:D6824, FCell, JET (0.65)6.3 Accessories for A
31、pparatus Verification Test:6.3.1 Measuring Cylinder, 500-mL capacity, with 1-mLgraduations.6.3.2 Pressure Gauge, 350-kPa (50-psig) capability, gradu-ations 0.5 kPa (0.1 psig).6.3.3 Temperature Measuring Device, general purpose type,having a range that includes 0 to 60C and an accuracy of0.5C. Liquid
32、-in-glass thermometers, thermocouples, or plati-num resistance thermometers that provide the desired accuracyand precision may be used.7. Sampling7.1 The fuel sample from which an aliquot is being drawnfor the purposes of this test method shall be representative ofthe lot of fuel. Obtain the sample
33、in accordance with theprocedures of Practices D4057 or D4177, and report (see11.1.1) how and from where it was obtained. The maximumsample size is dictated by the quantity that can be mixedthoroughly (see 9.2). If any undissolved water is visuallyapparent (as determined by Test Methods D4176 or D486
34、0,orboth), discard and replace with a fresh sample.7.2 After thoroughly mixing, if the original sample con-tainer is too large to easily handle, use an epoxy lined can ordark glass bottle as a transfer container to store an aliquot ofthe test sample. Prior to drawing the aliquot, rinse the transferc
35、ontainer three times with the product to be tested. Draw arepresentative 1 to 2-L aliquot from the sample container intoa transfer container. (WarningBecause the situations underwhich samples are taken vary from laboratory to laboratory andfrom situation to situation, no firm recommendation for sam-
36、pling can be given. It is the responsibility of the user of this testmethod to ensure the aliquot used in the test is representativeof the lot of fuel.)8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Locate the apparatus on a level surface in an area wherethe temperature is between 15 and 25C (59 and 77F).8.2 Open t
37、he case, and assemble the apparatus as shown inFig. 2. If the flexible, inert tubing (see 6.1.7) is not attached, asshown, carry out 8.2.1 to 8.2.2.8.2.1 Attach one end of the flexible, inert tubing to the fuelreservoir container (6.1.5) and insert the plastic in-line splicecoupler (6.1.8) into the
38、other end.8.2.2 Insert the plastic in-line coupler into another piece offlexible, inert tubing, thread the tubing in the peristaltic pump(see 6.1.1), as shown in Fig. 3, and clamp it in place by movingthe lever arm counterclockwise.NOTE 3The splice fitting prevents the tubing from being pulled intot
39、he pump during operation. This also allows easy replacement of theportion of the tubing that is depressed by the pump rollers. To extend thelife of the flexible, inert tubing, when not in use, leave the clamp open orremove the tubing from the pump.8.2.3 Insert one end of the horizontal section of th
40、e plastictee coupler (6.1.9) into the tubing that is clamped in the pump,and attach two other sections of tubing to the other parts of thetee.8.2.4 Connect the tubing that is connected to the perpen-dicular part of the tee to the pressure transducer. Insert the hose6A registered trademark of EMCEE E
41、lectronics, Inc., 520 Cypress Ave., Venice,FL 34285.The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis EMCEE Electronics, Inc., 520 Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285. If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarter
42、s. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.FIG. 2 Micro-Filter AnalyzerD6824 1313barbered portion of the plastic coupler (6.1.10) into the othersection of tubing that is connected to the in-line part of the tee.8.3 Att
43、ach the power pack to the connector on the top of thecase, and connect the power pack to an ac power source. Turnthe instrument on by depressing the ON switch, causing boththe POWER and MODE A lights to illuminate.8.4 Have a labeled FCell filter (see 6.2) ready for use.8.5 Verification of ApparatusA
44、s required in accordancewith 4.3, verify apparatus performance by checking that theflow rate and the pressure transducer are within tolerance.8.5.1 Check the flow rate by performing a purge cycle toeliminate any air from the system. Subsequently, perform a testusing a fuel sample without a filter, c
45、ollecting the sample in agraduate (see 6.3.1). Compare the volume collected withamount displayed. The amount displayed shall be approxi-mately 300 mL, and the amount collected shall be 285 to 315mL. Adjust the pump speed control (6.1.4), as required.8.5.1.1 If the proper flow rate cannot be attained
46、 by adjust-ing the pump speed control, perform the following operation:(1) Release the tubing in the peristaltic pump,(2) Using both hands, grasp each end of the tubing that isengaged by the pump rollers,(3) Hold and alternately pull on each end to stretch thetubing,(4) Clamp the tubing in place, an
47、d(5) Repeat 8.5.1.8.5.2 Check the pressure by inserting a pressure gauge (see6.3.2) at the end of the flexible, inert tubing where the filterwould be installed. Perform a test using air only, and comparethe readings when approximately 104 kPa (15 psig) is dis-played. If the readings vary more than 6
48、7 kPa (1.0 psig),return the apparatus to the manufacturer.9. Procedure9.1 Measure the temperature (see 6.3.3) of the fuel in thetransfer container (see 7.2) and, if necessary, adjust to 15 to25C.9.2 Shake the sample or transfer container (see 7.2) vigor-ously for approximately 2 min.9.3 Rinse the fu
49、el reservoir container (see 6.1.5) with someof the product to be tested.9.4 Place 450 6 5 mL of the sample into the fuel reservoir(see 6.1.5). Check that the temperature is still within the rangefrom 15 to 25C. Record the actual temperature. If anyundissolved water is visually apparent in the fuel at this time,as determined by Test Methods D4176 or D4860, or both, thetest shall be abandoned and the presence of water shall bereported.9.5 Place the end of the flexible, inert tubing with the plasticcoupler (see 6.1.10) into the collection container (see 6.1.6
