1、Designation: D6864 11An American National StandardStandard Specification forColor and Appearance Retention of Solid Colored PlasticSiding Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6864; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements and testmethods for the color and appea
3、rance retention of solid coloredplastic siding products.1.2 Color retention testing provides a method for estimatingthe acceptability of color change in a siding product over aperiod of years of service.1.3 Methods of indicating compliance with this specifica-tion are provided.NOTE 1There is no know
4、n ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of PlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from I
5、nstrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD3679 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)SidingE805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods ofColor or Color-Difference Measurement of MaterialsG147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetal-lic Materials for Natural and Arti
6、ficial Weathering Tests2.2 Other Reference:Vinyl Siding Institute (VSI) Technical Research Report forWeatherability of Vinyl Siding Products, VS2WNOTE 2This report supports the conclusion that commercial vinylsiding products which demonstrate weathering behavior within conform-ance to these standard
7、s during a two year test program can be anticipatedto provide acceptable color retention properties for the expected life of theproduct.3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nologies D883 and D1600 unless otherwise noted.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Stand
8、ard:3.2.1 color regionparameters that define the color spacefor a siding sample, measured with Hunter Units, spheregeometry (di:8), Illuminant C, 2 observer, specular componentincluded.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe color values used to classify colorsby region were established by measuring the Hunter L, a,
9、bcolor values from the sample population, calculating theaverage for Hunter L, a, b, and then choosing the integer fromthe corresponding L, a, b average values (that is, by truncatingany fractional result) to be used to classify colors by region.Thus average values greater than zero are truncated do
10、wn to thenext lowest integer, and average values less than zero aretruncated up to the next highest integer. All values greater than-1 and less than +1 truncate to 0.3.2.2 color retention standardspredictive color regionsdescribed by a three dimensional model, which constitutesacceptable color reten
11、tion levels resulting from weathering ofa specific product type and color.3.2.2.1 DiscussionColor retention standards are definedby equations that describe the three dimensional ellipsoidvalue.3.2.3 ellipsoid valuea mathematical calculation derivedby inserting the measured DL, Da, and Db values of a
12、weathered specimen into an ellipsoid equation.3.2.4 temperate northern climatein weathering testing,aNorth American metropolitan area testing site within 73 to100W longitude and 37 to 45N latitude.4. Classification4.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nologies D883 and D1600 unless
13、 otherwise noted.4.2 Color RegionsThe color region for a color is deter-mined by measuring the Hunter L, a, b color values for asample. Use the integer value (by truncating any fractional1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility o
14、f Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic BuildingProducts.Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published April 2011. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous addition approved in 2010 as D6864 - 10. DOI:10.1520/D6864-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM
15、 Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.result) to determine the color
16、 region for the color using thefollowing region boundaries.4.2.1 Region 1Brown:L = 20 to 49 L = 25 to 49a=1to5 a=8to5b=2to11 b=12to254.2.2 Region 2Medium Blue:L = 45 to 64a = 25 to 1b = 25 to 24.2.3 Region 3Light Blue:L = 65 to 93a = 12 to 1b = 25 to 24.2.4 Region 4Green:L = 50 to 84 L = 50 to 64 L
17、= 50 to 64 L = 65 to 93 L = 85 to 93a = 12 to 1 a = 25 to 3 a = 25 to 13 a = 25 to 13 a = 12 to 3b=1to10 b=11to30 b=1to10 b=25to30 b=1to34.2.5 Region 5Medium Beige:L = 50 to 74 L = 50 to 64 L = 65 to 74a=0to1 a=2to1 a=12to1b=4to12 b=11to15 b=11to124.2.6 Region 6Light Beige:L = 75 to 84 L = 85 to 93
18、L = 75 to 84a=0to1 a=12to1 a=12to1b=4to12 b=4to12 b=11to124.2.7 Region 7Gold:L = 65 to 93 L = 65 to 93a=0to4 a=5to25b=13to30 b=16to304.2.8 Region 8Yellow:L = 65 to 93a = 12 to 1b=13to304.2.9 Region 9White:L = 85 to 100 All L = 94 to 100a=2to1b=1to34.2.10 Region 10Light Gray:L = 65 to 84a=0to1b=1to34
19、.2.11 Region 11Mauve:L = 65 to 93 L = 65 to 93 L = 50 to 64 L = 50 to 64a=2to25 a=5to25 a=2to25 a=2to1b=2to12 b=13to15 b=2to30 b=16to304.2.12 Region 12Medium Gray:L = 50 to 64a=0to1b=1to34.2.13 Region 13Dark Gray:L = 25 to 49a=1to5b=1to14.2.14 Region 14Dark Blue:L = 25 to 44a = 25 to 3b = 25 to 24.2
20、.15 Region 15Dark Green:L = 25 to 49 L = 25 to 49a = 25 to 2 a = 25 to 9b=1to11 b=12to254.2.16 Region 16Dark Red:L = 25 to 49a=6to30b=1to254.2.17 Region 17Purple:L = 25 to 44 L = 45 to 49 L = 50 to 93a=4to30 a=2to30 a=2to25b = 25 to 2 b = 25 to 2 b = 25 to 14.3 Ellipsoid Value EquationsUse the follo
21、wing equationsto determine the ellipsoid value representing the change incolor due to weathering. Use the equation that corresponds tothe color region determined for the specimens initial color(prior to weathering) in 4.2.4.3.1 Region 1Brown:DL 2 1.6!25.2!21Da 1 1.0!23.0!21Db 2 0.5!22.5!25 Ellipsoid
22、 Value4.3.2 Region 2Medium Blue:DL 1 1.0!26.0!21Da 1 0.6!22.9!21Db 2 0.8!25.4!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.3 Region 3Light Blue:DL 1 0.3!26.4!21Da 1 0.1!22.7!21Db 2 0.8!24.3!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.4 Region 4Green:DL 0.2!25.9!21Da 2 0.8!24.8!21Db 2 0.2!25.6!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.5 Region 5Medium Beige:DL 1 0
23、.4!25.8!21Da 2 0.0!22.8!21Db 2 0.0!24.0!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.6 Region 6Light Beige:DL 2 0.0!25.0!21Da 2 0.2!22.6!21Db 2 0.3!25.4!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.7 Region 7Gold:DL 1 0.6!26.6!21Da 1 0.3!23.4!21Db 1 0.4!24.7!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.8 Region 8Yellow:DL 1 0.3!25.5!21Da 2 1.0!23.3!21Db 1 0.1!25.5!25
24、 Ellipsoid Value4.3.9 Region 9White:DL 2 0.6!28.2!21Da 1 0.0!23.3!21Db 2 1.9!25.3!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.10 Region 10Light Gray:DL 1 1.8!27.0!21Da 2 0.2!22.1!21Db 2 1.3!24.0!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.11 Region 11Mauve:DL 2 0.4!26.5!21Da 2 0.8!24.0!21Db 2 1.1!24.5!25 Ellipsoid ValueD6864 1124.3.12 Region
25、12Medium Gray:DL 1 1.0!26.6!21Da 1 0.3!22.5!21Db 2 0.5!23.0!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.13 Region 13Dark Gray:DL 2 0.1!25.1!21Da 1 0.8!23.4!21Db 1 0.1!23.0!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.14 Region 14Dark Blue:DL 2 0.3!25.2!21Da 2 1.0!23.6!21Db 1 1.3!24.5!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.15 Region 15Dark Green:DL 2 0.0!25.0!2
26、1Da 1 0.4!23.0!21Db 1 0.2!23.8!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.16 Region 16Dark Red:DL 2 0.4!25.4!21Da 2 0.8!24.0!21Db 2 0.2!23.0!25 Ellipsoid Value4.3.17 Region 17Purple:DL 2 0.0!26.0!21Da 2 0.0!25.0!21Db 2 0.0!25.2!25 Ellipsoid Value5. Procedure for Measuring Color Retention5.1 Test Site Setup and Exposure
27、Duration Test Times:5.1.1 Samples shall be exposed at three test sites: TemperateNorthern represented by a site located in Louisville, KY orCleveland, OH; hot, humid represented by a site located inMiami, FL; and hot, dry represented by a site located inPhoenix, AZ. Additional test sites may be used
28、 as agreed uponby the buyer and the seller.5.1.2 All exposures shall be conducted at an angle of 45facing South and backed using unpainted plywood in accor-dance to Practices D1435 and G147.5.1.3 Remove test specimens for color measurement at 24month exposures. In some cases, 24 months may not besuf
29、ficient to distinguish material durability differences andlonger exposure periods may be necessary. Additional expo-sure times may be used as agreed upon by the buyer and theseller.5.2 Sampling and Specimen Preparation:5.2.1 Samples shall be representative of the product to beevaluated. Samples shal
30、l be taken either from commercialproducts or from laboratory samples. Laboratory samples shallbe produced in the same manner as the commercial products tobe evaluated.NOTE 3Production of laboratory samples in the same manner in-cludes use of the same method of forming the product. For example, if th
31、ecommercial product is extruded, the laboratory specimen shall be ex-truded; if the commercial product is injection molded, the laboratoryspecimen shall be injection molded, and so forth.5.2.2 Select a minimum of 4 specimens per sample per testsite to allow for 3 test specimens and 1 file specimen f
32、or eachsample evaluated.5.2.3 Specimens shall be a flat section and a minimum of 2by 334 in. (51 by 95 mm).5.2.4 Mark each specimen permanently to ensure retentionof identity during and after exposure testing.NOTE 4Use of a vibratool leaves a permanent mark that satisfies thiscriteria.5.3 Data Recor
33、d:5.3.1 Measured specimen color values shall be reported toone decimal place.5.3.2 Calculation of color units shall be reported to onedecimal place.5.4 Practice:5.4.1 Obtain test and file specimens in accordance to 5.2.The following procedure is used at each of the three weatheringlocations.5.4.2 Me
34、asure in replicate the original tristimulus X, Y, andZ values for the file specimen. Color is measured using spheregeometry (di:8), Illuminant C, 2 observer, and specularcomponent included in accordance with Practice E805. Calcu-late the Hunter L, a, and b units in accordance with theequations in th
35、e section on “Hunter L, a, and b Color Space andColor-Difference Equation” in Test Method D2244 using theaverage of the replicate measurements and record them in apermanent record.5.4.2.1 Use the L, a, and b values to determine the colorregion in accordance with 4.2. This color region is used for al
36、lsubsequent evaluation of color change of the weatheredsamples, and shall not be changed during the duration of theweathering study.5.4.2.2 The initial L, a, and b values determined from thefile specimens are used as the reference point for all measure-ments of color change of the weathered samples
37、during theduration of the weathering study.5.4.3 Expose the test specimens at the test sites in accor-dance with 5.1.1 and 5.1.2. Record in a permanent record thetest start date.5.4.4 Remove the test specimens at the exposure interval(s)in accordance with 5.1.3. Record in a permanent record thedate
38、the specimens are removed from the exposure test rack forcolor measurement.5.4.5 The exposed test specimens should shall be measuredfor color and evaluated for appearance. It is recommended thatcolor measurement and appearance evaluation be conducted atthe test site. Color measurement shall take pla
39、ce within 7 daysof specimen removal from the exposure test rack. It isrecommended that color measurement take place within 48 h ofthe specimens removal from the exposure test rack.NOTE 5Additional color development is known to occur for PVCproducts after removal from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) lig
40、ht. Thisartificial color change is referred to as Dark Time Yellowing. Colormeasurement within 48 h of removal is strongly recommended for PVCproducts.5.4.6 Wash the exposed test specimens in accordance withthe procedure in Annex A1.5.4.7 Inspect each exposed test specimen for appearanceand surface
41、condition. Record observations and inspection datein a permanent record.5.4.8 Measure and record the color of each test specimen inaccordance with 5.4.2 for each exposure time. Record in apermanent record the date the color of the specimen(s) ismeasured.D6864 1135.4.9 Calculate and record the change
42、 in Hunter L, a, and bunits for each specimen with reference to the specimens initialcolor as determined in 5.4.2.5.4.10 In cases where specimens are evaluated at exposuretimes other than 24 months, the specimens shall be returned tothe exposure test rack within 7 days for continuation of the test;i
43、t is recommended the samples be returned to the test rackswithin 48 h. Record in a permanent record the date thespecimens are returned to the exposure test rack.NOTE 6In case of dispute, the referee procedure shall be the use ofseparate specimens for each exposure time that can then be disposed afte
44、rcolor measurements are made.6. Performance Requirements6.1 The ellipsoid value for an individual specimen is calcu-lated using the measured color change and the appropriateellipsoid value equation found in 4.3 for the color regiondetermined in 5.4.2.1.6.2 Acceptable color retention is determined by
45、 the averageellipsoid value of the three test specimens at each test locationbeing less than or equal to 1.0. This value shall be calculatedfor each test site and exposure time. In addition, no individualspecimen shall have an ellipsoid value of greater than 1.4.6.3 Each specimen shall be of uniform
46、 appearance and voidof blemishes, streaks, and splotches. The specimen shall alsobe free of any visual surface or structural changes such aspeeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, and pitting when tested inaccordance to Section 5, Procedure for Measuring ColorRetention.ANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1.
47、WASHING WEATHERING SPECIMENSA1.1 Scope:A1.1.1 This procedure describes a practice for washingweathering specimens prior to instrumental color measure-ment. The procedure is intended to minimize any effects ofaltering the specimens surface in other than a predictablemanner.A1.2 Equipment:A1.2.1 Mild
48、Detergent, such as Joy, Palmolive, LiquidDawn, or equivalent.A1.2.2 Sponge or soft cloth.A1.3 Procedure:A1.3.1 Flush exposed specimen with water.A1.3.2 Gently wash the specimen with a dilute solution(0.05 % by weight in water, maximum concentration) of a milddetergent using a sponge or soft cloth.A1
49、.3.3 The washing action shall not be excessive and shallbe limited to a back-and-forth motion along the grain orpattern, if one exists.A1.3.4 Avoid circular motions.A1.3.5 Rinse thoroughly with clean water to remove anymild detergent residue.A1.3.6 The washed specimen shall air dry and be free of anywater or moisture before conducting color measurements.APPENDIX(Nonmandat
