1、Designation: E2264 05 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forDetermining the Effects of Temperature Cycling onFenestration Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2264; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the testing of any fenestrationproducts that are installed with the exterior s
3、urface exposed toweathering conditions. It is intended to measure the responseof the fenestration product to temperature cycles with thetemperature changes being induced by controlling the airtemperature on the exterior (weather side) or by exposing theproduct to infrared radiation, or both. When te
4、sted using thispractice, fenestration products are exposed to standard cyclesof elevated and depressed ambient air and surface tempera-tures. Test methods are specified for evaluating changes inperformance that may occur as a result of temperature cycling.With this practice, seasonal and diurnal tem
5、perature conditionsare simulated in a controlled laboratory apparatus.1.2 In this practice, two test methods, Test Method A andTest Method B, are described for exposing the exterior surfaceof fenestration products to the elevated portion of a standard-ized temperature cycle. The purpose for providin
6、g two testmethods of exposure is to address two distinct needs of thefenestration industry.1.2.1 Test Method A uses infrared radiation to increase thesurface temperature of the fenestration product and uses ablack panel temperature sensor placed in front of the speci-mens exterior surface to sense t
7、he temperature. The surfacetemperature of the black panel temperature sensor is raised toa preset level above the exterior ambient air temperature. Thisprovides a more realistic test for temperature exposure basedon atmospheric solar radiation and its effect on the temperatureincrease of exterior bu
8、ilding materials. This method should beused when the number of cycles can be large and the outcomeis critical for field correlation. Test Method A is intended forcomparative product evaluations.1.2.2 Test Method B uses elevated temperature produced byconvective hot air to achieve the exterior air te
9、mperatureset-point. It provides a more sever test because it elevates theexterior air temperature to levels that are not obtainable underin-service conditions. This provides a more rapid degradationcycle for accelerating the effects of the temperature exposurecycling on some materials and fastening
10、methods used infenestration products. This method is intended to be used whenthe number of temperature cycles must be minimized or theoutcome is not critical for field correlation. Test Method B isintended for research and development purposes and not forcomparative product evaluations.1.3 In this p
11、ractice, three temperature exposure levels aresuggested for each method: Level 1 is a low temperatureexposure, Level 2 is a moderate temperature exposure, andLevel 3 is a high temperature exposure. The purpose ofproviding three levels of temperature exposure is to accommo-date different grades of fe
12、nestration products based on theirdesigns and their potential geographic installation locations.Other temperature levels may be selected by the specifier.1.3.1 Performance characteristic measurements are used toevaluate the effects on the fenestration product caused bytemperature cycling. They are m
13、easured by the following tests:1.3.1.1 Air leakage rates shall be measured in accordancewith Test Method E283.1.3.1.2 Water penetration resistance shall be measured inaccordance with Test Method E331 or Test Method E547.1.3.1.3 Structural strength shall be measured in accordancewith Test Method E330
14、. This test shall only be performed whenspecified and only after temperature cycling is completed.1.3.2 The test specifier may also choose additional tests tocharacterize fenestration product performance. (See Note 3 forsuggested additional tests.)1.3.3 For the purposes of product comparison, these
15、testsare performed at or near standard laboratory conditions, but forresearch and development purposes, they may also be per-formed during an elevated or depressed portion of the tempera-ture cycle in order to measure the effects of the temperatureextreme on the performance parameter being evaluated
16、. For thepurposes of comparative evaluation, the parameters defined in11.2 shall be used.1.4 Values reported in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The units reported in parentheses are for informationonly.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-mance of Buil
17、dings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.51 onPerformance of Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originallyapproved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E226405. DOI:10.1520/E2264-05R13.Copyright
18、ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.5 Testing organizations using this practice shall have staffknowledgeable in heat transfer, fluid mechanics, instrumenta-tion practice, and the specific requirements for the test methodsspecifie
19、d. Testing personnel shall have a general knowledge offenestration systems and components being tested.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and h
20、ealth practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 6.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E283 Test Method for Determining Rate of Air LeakageThrough Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and DoorsUnder Sp
21、ecified Pressure Differences Across the Speci-menE330 Test Method for Structural Performance of ExteriorWindows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by UniformStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE331 Test Method for Water Penetration of ExteriorWindows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uni-form Stati
22、c Air Pressure DifferenceE547 Test Method for Water Penetration of ExteriorWindows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by CyclicStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory L
23、ight Sources3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology E631 unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 exterior temperature exposure levelthe increasedexterior (weather side) specimen surface temperature aboveambient temperat
24、ure resulting from the amount of energyabsorbed from a radiant source. The following temperaturelevels apply:3.2.1.1 Level 1for products that have limited exposure todirect solar radiation.3.2.1.2 Level 2for products that have moderate exposureto direct solar radiation.3.2.1.3 Level 3for products th
25、at have high exposure todirect solar radiation.NOTE 1These levels are used only to differentiate general levels oftemperature exposure on fenestration products. There are many differentcriteria that are cited for each level and the specifier is permitted to selectother levels if appropriate to the p
26、roduct being tested.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice requires installing a test specimen in anapparatus that holds the interior (room-side) of the productspecimen at a constant temperature and relative humidity. Theexterior (weather-side) of the product specimen is subjected tospecific differ
27、ential infrared radiation (Test Method A) or airtemperature (Test Method B) extremes (temperature cycling),or both.4.2 The specimen(s) shall have its exterior surface exposedto elevated ambient air temperature or infrared radiation, orboth, at one of the three pre-specified temperature exposurelevel
28、s.4.3 The specimen(s) shall have its interior surface exposedto ambient air temperature and relative humidity levels that areconsistent with typical room conditions.4.4 The specimen(s) shall be subjected to performancecharacterization tests before, during, or after temperaturecycling, or combination
29、 thereof, to evaluate performancechanges or structural damage that may occur as a result ofexposure to the temperature extremes or cycling. Destructivetesting is only done after temperature cycling and non-destructive testing are completed.5. Significance and Use5.1 Fenestration products, when expos
30、ed to differentialtemperatures (constant higher or lower temperatures on theexterior and room temperature on the interior) or temperaturecycling (relatively constant room temperature on the interiorand repeated cycling of higher and lower temperatures on theexterior), will have stresses induced on c
31、omponents that maycause failure or changes in overall system performance. Someof these changes may be temporary, with their effects onsystem performance lasting only during the cyclical tempera-ture exposure. Other changes may be more permanent becauseof the failure of critical components or irrever
32、sible changes inthose critical components that control overall system perfor-mance.5.2 In this practice, a procedure is provided for evaluatingthe effects of exposure to temperature cycling at standardizedconditions on fenestration products. It is useful for productevaluation and development. Interr
33、elationships between win-dow components can be studied under laboratory conditionssimulating in-service temperature extremes.5.3 Laboratory approximation of in-service temperature cy-cling and temperature extremes is a useful tool for thefenestration designer. These conditions help in evaluatingdesi
34、gns and components for absolute and relative interactionson overall performance when these products are installed andfunctioning in residential and commercial buildings.5.4 This practice is limited to temperature exposure andtemperature cycling only. Temperature is only one of manyenvironmental fact
35、ors that affect field performance of fenestra-tion products. Products made with different materials orconstruction methods may show specific sensitivity to differentenvironmental factors, such as humidity, ultraviolet radiation,or airborne chemicals.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM web
36、site, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.E2264 05 (2013)25.5 Because of the complexity and cost of a single apparatuscapable of measuring window perform
37、ance, providing tem-perature cycling, and providing infrared radiation exposure,more than one test apparatus may be required to complete thispractice. If multiple test apparatus are used, care shall be takenwhen moving the specimen from one apparatus to another toprotect them from damage by racking,
38、 twisting, dropping, orother causes of distortion.5.6 In this practice, specimens are subjected to one of avariety of possible variations of ambient air temperature orsurface temperature cycling conditions by using either convec-tive hot air or exposure to infrared radiation. Therefore, theresults a
39、re valid only for the test method and conditions used.5.7 At present, no correlation data exists that relates thispractice to field performance.6. Safety Precautions6.1 Extreme elevated and depressed temperatures will beencountered when using this practice. Operator access tovariable temperature wea
40、ther-side chambers shall be restrictedduring the exposure cycles.7. Apparatus7.1 The description of the apparatus in this section isgeneral. Any suitable arrangement capable of maintaining therequired test conditions and tolerances is permitted.7.1.1 The test chamber is an apparatus in which the spe
41、ci-men can be mounted so that a differential temperature can beapplied between the ambient room-side air temperature and theexterior weather-side surface temperature of the specimen(s)for extended periods.7.1.1.1 In the apparatus, the temperature and relative hu-midity of the room-side of the chambe
42、r and ambient airtemperature on the weather side shall be controllable.Temperature-controlling equipment shall be capable of main-taining the specified temperature set-point 63C (65F).7.1.1.2 An infrared radiation source shall be positioned inthe weather-side of the chamber so that the specimen surf
43、acecan be exposed to radiation if directed by the specifier.7.1.1.3 The duration of any portion of the test cycle shall becontrollable to the specified length of time 65 min.7.1.1.4 All temperature measuring systems are required tobe accurate to 61C (61.8F).7.1.1.5 Air circulation equipment shall be
44、 used in both theroom-side and weather-side compartments to prevent still airstratification on either side of the test specimen.7.1.2 Measurement of specified performance characteristicsis best accomplished by incorporating the appropriate testapparatus or equipment into the temperature cycling appa
45、ratus.The elements of the test equipment shall not interfere with thetest specimen(s) or the ability of the apparatus to maintain thespecified temperature between the room-side ambient airtemperature and the exterior surface of the specimen(s) duringthe test.7.1.3 Alternately, the specimen(s) may be
46、 removed from thetemperature cycling apparatus and installed in the appropriateequipment, such as an air/water test chamber for the testing.8. Test Specimen(s)8.1 The type, size, and installation method of the testspecimen(s) shall be determined by the test specifier.8.2 The specimen(s) surface fini
47、sh shall be consistent withnormal manufacturing practice or manufacturers suggestedfinishing instructions.8.2.1 Disassembly of anchorage or other elements of the testassembly is not allowed during any portion of the proceduresrequired by this practice.NOTE 2It is important to include full size membe
48、rs, expansion joints,and other control elements in multiple product installations to obtainresults representative of installed product conditions.9. Calibration9.1 Calibration of a performance characteristic measure-ment test apparatus shall be according to the applicable testmethod chosen by the te
49、st specifier.9.2 Calibration shall be performed on each performancecharacteristic measuring system at least once every 6 months oras required by the applicable test method.9.3 Calibration of the Infrared (IR) Source:9.3.1 See Practice G151 and Appendix X1 for descriptionsof and information on black panel temperature sensors. Thereare two types of black panel temperature sensors: insulated anduninsulated. The temperatures measured by the two typesdiffer, being somewhat higher for the insulated type. Unlessotherwise specified, the uninsulated type shall be used formeasureme
