1、Designation: F1097 91 (Reapproved 2012) An American National StandardStandard Specification forMortar, Refractory (High-Temperature, Air-Setting)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1097; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers dry air-setting refractory mor-tar for use in laying and b
3、onding refractory brick in ship boilerfurnaces and wet air-setting refractory mortar for use in layingrefractory brick in stationary boiler furnaces, bright annealingfurnaces, controlled atmosphere furnaces, and furnaces heatedby electric elements.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
4、regardedas standard. The SI units in parentheses are for informationpurposes only and may be approximate.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, he
5、alth, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Intern
6、ational Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) ofFireclay and High Alumina Refractory MaterialsC27 Classification of Firec
7、lay and High-Alumina RefractoryBrickC92 Test Methods for Sieve Analysis and Water Content ofRefractory MaterialsC133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC198 Test Method for Cold Bonding Strength of RefractoryMortarC199 Test Method for Pier Test for Refract
8、ory Mortars2.2 Federal Specifications3The following documents shallapply only when one or more of the requirements of S1 arespecified in the contract or purchase order (see 4.1.3):UU-S-48 Sacks, Shipping, PaperPPP-B-35 Bags: Textile, Shipping, Burlap, Cotton and Wa-terproof LaminatedPPP-B-704 Pails:
9、 Shipping, Steel (1 through 12 gallon)2.3 Military Standards3The following documents shallapply only when one or more of the requirements of S1 arespecified in the contract or purchase order (see 4.1.3):MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-tion by AttributesMIL-STD-129 Marking for S
10、hipment and Storage3. Classification3.1 The refractory mortar shall be of the following types:3.1.1 Type 1Dry.3.1.2 Type 2Wet.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information, as necessary to adequately describethe material:4.1.1 ASTM des
11、ignation and year of issue,4.1.2 Type required (see 3.1), and4.1.3 Optional requirements, if any (see S1).5. Material5.1 The mortar shall be composed of finely ground heat-resistant clays, minerals, or a mixture of clays and minerals ineither a dry or wet condition.5.1.1 Type 1, DryMortar shall be f
12、urnished dry and shallbe ready for use as soon as mixed with water. Mortar, afterbeing mixed with water and then dried, shall be capable ofbeing remixed with water.5.1.2 Type 2, WetMortar shall be furnished ready for useat a trowelling consistency and shall be easily mixed withwater to a dipping con
13、sistency.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 onGeneral Requirements.Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approv
14、ed in 2006 as F1097 91 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/F1097-91R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Avail
15、able from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http:/quicksearch.dla.mil.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with interna
16、tionally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16. Performance Requirements6.1 Resistance to Heat
17、SoakingMortar shall not soften norshow any evidence of fusion, and the shrinkage shall not begreater than hairline cracks when tested as specified in 11.2.6.2 Bonding StrengthThe average modulus of rupture atthe brick joint when tested as specified in 11.3 shall be not lessthan shown in Table 1.6.3
18、Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE)The PCE shall benot less than cone 32 (see 11.4).7. Requirements7.1 FinenessMortar shall be ground to such fineness thatnot more than 5 % shall be retained on a No. 40 ASTM sieve,and not more than 0.5 % shall be held on a No. 30ASTM sieve(see 11.1).7.2 Shelf Life, Typ
19、e 1Mortar shall show no deteriorationafter 1 years storage.7.3 Shelf Life, Type 2At any time within one year ofshipment from the supplier, the mortar in a previously un-opened container shall not have stiffened to such an extent asto interfere with its easy removal and mixing.7.4 ConsistencyMortar,
20、when tempered with water, shallbe of such consistency that it will be suitable for spreadingeasily with a trowel or for dipping and for laying refractorybrick and bonding them together upon drying and uponsubsequent heating at furnace temperatures. Mortar shall retainthis degree of workability for 2
21、 h.7.4.1 The mixed mortar shall have sufficient water retentionto permit a116-in. (2-mm) joint to be made with a trowellingconsistency, but not allow the newly laid brick to float out ofposition.8. Workmanship8.1 Workmanship shall be first class in every respect. Thereshall be no foreign material or
22、 caked aggregate lumps in themortar. Wet mortar shall be easily removed from the containerand shall mix easily to a uniform trowelling consistency.9. Sampling9.1 An inspection lot for tests and inspections shall consistof all material manufactured at essentially the same time and ofthe same type off
23、ered for delivery at one time.9.2 For the tests specified in 11.1 through 11.4, the sampleunit shall be 15 lb (7 kg) of mortar. No fewer than three sampleunits shall be randomly selected throughout the lot. No morethan one sample shall be drawn from any one container.9.2.1 The test sample shall be a
24、 45-lb (20-kg) composite ofthe randomly selected sample units. Two or more determina-tions as applicable (see Table 2) shall be performed on thecomposite. There shall be no evidence of failure to meet thespecified unit or average requirements.9.3 The PCE shall be determined on two cones of different
25、samples from each lot. If both cones fail, this shall be cause forrejection without retest. If either cone fails, three additionalcones shall be made, each from a different sample. If any oneof the three retest cones fail, this shall be cause for rejection.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 The entire mor
26、tar sample for testing shall be thor-oughly mixed to ensure uniformity before any portion is takenfor tests. The selected portion of Type 1 (dry) mortar shall bemixed with water to a trowelling consistency for the tests of11.2 and 11.3.10.2 For the test specified in 11.3, brick-mortar joints shallbe
27、 prepared in accordance with Test Method C198, except thatrefractory bricks, conforming to Classification C27, super-duty,shall be used and shall be cut in half. The two halves of eachbrick shall be placed in a device suitable for bringing, with astraight motion, the molded ends together with the fa
28、cesparallel at all times to form a bond.10.2.1 Asmall quantity of mortar shall be spread by a trowelon the upper face forming the bond to ensure intimate contact.Sufficient mortar to give a18-in. (3-mm) thick layer shall bespread evenly on the lower bond forming face and the upperhalf shall be lower
29、ed until it is116 in. (2 mm) from the lowerhalf. The excess mortar shall be cut from the joint, flush withthe sides of the brick. The unit thus formed shall be removedat once from the bond-forming machine. The bond specimensshall be allowed to air-dry for 24 h.11. Test Methods11.1 FinenessThe finene
30、ss test shall be made in accor-dance with Test Methods C92.11.2 Heat Soak:11.2.1 A pier of refractory brick, conforming to Classifica-tion C27, super-duty, laid up with the test mortar shall beprepared and heated at 2910F (1588C) for5hinaccordancewith Test Method C199.11.2.2 The cooled pier shall be
31、 examined for evidence ofshrinkage, softening, or fusion of the mortar. One or moremortar joints shall be broken and the freshly broken mortarsurface shall be viewed from various angles. Any shininess orlight flash at the mortar surface shall be considered anindication of excessive fusion.11.3 Bondi
32、ng Strength:11.3.1 Five bond specimens (see 10.2) shall be placed in anoven operating at 230F (110C) for 24 h; five bond specimensshall be held at each of the other test temperatures (1000F,2000F (538C, 1093C) for 5 h and then allowed to cool inthe closed furnace for 12 to 18 h. The time required to
33、 reachtest temperatures shall be 3 h. The bond shall not be brokenuntil the specimens have reached approximately room tempera-ture.11.3.2 The modulus of rupture of the test specimens shall bedetermined in accordance with Test Methods C133, except thatthe load shall be applied at the rate of 1000 lb/
34、min (450kg/min).TABLE 1 Bonding Strength of MortarTemperatures, F (C)Average Modulus of Rupture,psi (kPa), min230 (110) 200 (1400)1000 (538) 100 (700)2000 (1093) 100 (700)F1097 91 (2012)211.3.2.1 In conducting this test, bring the upper bearingedge to bear on the joint itself.11.4 Pyrometric Cone Eq
35、uivalentThe PCE shall be deter-mined in accordance with Test Method C24.12. Inspection12.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the supplier is responsible for the performance of allinspection requirements as specified herein. Except as other-wise specified, the supplier may
36、use his own facilities or anycommercial laboratory acceptable to the purchaser. The pur-chaser reserves the right to perform any of the inspections setforth in the specification where such inspections are deemednecessary to ensure supplies and services conform to pre-scribed requirements.13. Packagi
37、ng13.1 Packing of the mortar shall be sufficient to affordadequate protection against deterioration and physical damageduring shipment from the supply source to the first receivingactivity for immediate use and may conform to the supplierscommercial practice.14. Keywords14.1 bonding strength; mortar
38、; refractory mortarSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the contract orpurchase order (see 4.1.3).S1. Special Government RequirementsS1.1 Quality Conformance Inspection:S1.1.1 Sampling for quality conformance inspection shall beperform
39、ed in accordance with the provisions set forth inMIL-STD-105, except where otherwise indicated.S1.1.2 Examination of the end item shall be made inaccordance with the classification of defects, inspection levels,and quality levels specified in S1.1.2.1 through S1.1.2.3. Thelot size, for the purpose o
40、f determining the sample size inaccordance with MIL-STD-105, shall be expressed in units offilled containers for the examinations in S1.1.2.1 and S1.1.2.2.S1.1.2.1 Examination of the end item container for defects inappearance, workmanship, closures, and marking (see TableS1.1). The sample unit for
41、this examination shall be one filledcontainer.S1.1.2.2 Examination of end item container for defects in netcontents. The sample unit for this examination shall be onefilled primary container. The average net contents shall be notless than the specified or indicated quantity.S1.1.2.3 Inspection level
42、s for examinations. The inspectionlevels for determining the sample size and acceptance shall beas specified in Table S1.2.S1.1.2.4 Examination for workmanship. For the examinationfor conformance to Section 8, the sample unit shall be one bagof dry mortar or one drum of wet mortar, as applicable. Th
43、eexamination may be made during selection of samples fortesting or other examinations. For each lot, select a sample sizeof five. Reject the lot on one failure.TABLE 2 Testing RequirementsCharacteristicSpecificationReferenceNumber of Determinations per CompositeResults Reported asRequirement TestMet
44、hodPass orFailANumerically toNearestBType 1 and Type 2, as applicableFinenessRetained on No. 40 ASTM sieve 7.1 11.1 2 . . . 0.1 %Retained on No. 30 ASTM sieve 7.1 11.1 2 . . . 0.1 %Resistance to heat soakingMelting 6.1 11.2 2 X . . .Shrinkage 6.1 11.2 2 X . . .Bonding strength 6.2After heating at230
45、F (110C) 11.3 avg of 5 . . . psi1000F (538C) 11.3 avg of 5 . . . psi2000F (1098C) 11.3 avg of 5 . . . psiPyrometric cone:CType 1 6.3 11.4 2 . . . cone numberAIf failure is indicated, report description of failure or numerical point of failure as applicable.BTest report shall include all values on wh
46、ich results are based.CSee 9.3.F1097 91 (2012)3S1.2 Tests:S1.2.1 For the tests specified in 11.1 through 11.4, theinspection level for determining sample size shall be S1 inaccordance with MIL-STD-105.S1.3 Preparation for Delivery:S1.3.1 Type 1, Dry Mortar:S1.3.1.1 Levels A and BType 1 mortar shall
47、be packed in100-lb (45-kg) unit quantity in multiwall shipping sacksconforming to UU-S-48 or PPP-B-35.S1.3.2 Type 2, Wet Mortar:S1.3.2.1 Levels A and BType 2 mortar shall be packed insteel drums conforming to Type II of PPP-B-704, except thatuse of 22-gage steel drums of 12-gal (44-L) capacity isacc
48、eptable. Dropside handles shall be provided.S1.3.3 MarkingIn addition to any special marking re-quired by the contract or purchase order, shipping containersshall be marked for shipment in accordance with MIL-STD-129.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights a
49、sserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to
