1、Designation: F1563 01 (Reapproved 2011) An American National StandardStandard Specification forTools to Squeeze-off Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipe or Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1563; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the physical requirements fortools used to squeeze-
3、off polyethylene (PE) pipe and tubing. Itis limited to squeeze-off procedures set forth by the pipemanufacturer as referred to in Specification D2513 for gaspressure pipe systems.1.2 Nothing in this specification shall be construed asrecommending practices or systems at variances with govern-ing cod
4、es and project specifications.1.3 Where applicable in this specification, “pipe” shallmean “pipe and tubing,” and “tool” shall mean “squeeze-offtool.”1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that
5、are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portions, Section 5 and Appendix X1 of thisspecification: This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It
6、 is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD1598 Test Method for Time-to
7、-Failure of Plastic PipeUnder Constant Internal PressureD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD2513 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Gas PressurePipe, Tubing, and FittingsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping SystemsF1041 Guide for Squeeze-Off of Polyolefin Gas Pressur
8、ePipe and Tubing3. Terminology3.1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Terminol-ogy F412, unless otherwise specified. Abbreviations are inaccordance with Terminology D1600, unless otherwise speci-fied.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 squeeze-offa technique used to contro
9、l the flow ofgas through a pipe by the compressing action of a mechanical,hydraulic or pneumatic device. Squeeze-off may be used, asrecommended by the tool or pipe manufacturer, to reduce theflow of gas to an acceptable rate. Under certain conditionscomplete stoppage of flow may be obtained.4. Mater
10、ials and Manufacture4.1 Tools shall be manufactured from materials that havethe structural properties to meet the requirements of thisspecification.5. Other Requirements5.1 Force MechanismThe force mechanism (mechanical,hydraulic or pneumatic) shall provide a force of at least 1.25times the force re
11、quired to squeeze-off the most rigid pipe sizewithin the squeeze parameters recommended by the manufac-turer of the tool. The most rigid pipe is a function of pipediameter, wall thickness, pipe material and temperature. Thetool manufacturer determines which pipe products his tool issuitable for. Pow
12、er tools such as impact wrenches or pneumaticmotored torque multipliers shall not be used.5.2 Tool StrengthA tool shall not be structurally damagedor functionally affected when tested as follows:5.2.1 Measure the load (P) required to squeeze-off the mostrigid pipe (largest size, thickest wall, highe
13、st density, lowesttemperature) within the range of the tool.5.2.2 Prepare a pipe specimen from this pipe. The specimenlength shall be no less than five times the nominal outsidediameter of the pipe, but in no case less than 12 in. (305 mm).5.2.3 Insert the pipe specimen into the tool. Center thespec
14、imen in the tool.5.2.4 Apply the largest load attainable by the force mecha-nism (without additional mechanical advantage) onto the1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.60 on Gas.Current editi
15、on approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1563-01(2007). DOI:10.1520/F1563-01R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book o
16、f ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
17、 principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1mechanical stops and then inspect. Any permanent damage ordeformation
18、 to the mechanical or hydraulic components iscause for rejection of the tool.5.2.5 Apply a load of 1.25 P (see 5.2.1) on the pipe fortwenty cycles.Acycle is: apply load, hold load for one minute,remove load. For each cycle, use a new unsqueezed area ofpipe, at least three pipe diameters from a previ
19、ous squeeze.5.3 Release ProtectionEach tool shall be built to preventunintentional release in the squeeze mode. A screw-feedmechanism used to apply force in some tools qualifies aspremature release protection if the force can only be removedby unscrewing the mechanism at the 1.25 P test load.5.4 Rel
20、ease RateFor pipe sizes greater than 1 in. (25 mm)IPS, it is recommended3the tool design provide a release rateof 0.5 in./min (12.7 mm/min) or less, as suggested in GuideF1041.5.5 Flow ControlSqueeze-off results in the reduction ofgas flow and in some cases the complete stoppage of gas flow.This spe
21、cification does not specify to what degree of gas flowcontrol is required for any set of squeeze-off conditions.Appendix X1 provides a procedure for evaluating flow control.Other procedures for flow control evaluation may also be used.5.6 GroundingSqueezing and releasing the squeeze ofplastic pipe c
22、ontaining flowing gas can increase the presence ofstatic electricity on the pipe surfaces. The tool shall include asuitable electrical grounding feature or recommendations forcontrolling electrostatic discharges.NOTE 1Static discharge through pipe wall may occur in some cases ifelectrostatic charges
23、 exceed the dielectric strength. Some tool manufac-turers recommend checking the squeeze area for pinhole leaks by soaping.6. Dimensions Mass, and Permissible Variations6.1 Squeeze Bar ConfigurationThe squeeze bars shall beof a size and configuration that compresses the pipe walls toreduce the gas f
24、low, but does not damage the pipe. Squeezebars may be configured as round (circular), flat with roundededges, two round bars side by side or any other configurationthat can meet the requirements of this specification (see Fig. 1).For suggested3minimum squeeze bar radii areas, see Table 1.6.2 Over-Sq
25、ueeze ProtectionThe tool shall have mechani-cal stops to provide over-squeeze protection. These mechanicalstops shall prevent the squeeze bars from reaching a separation(minimum gap) less than 70 % times twice the maximum pipewall thickness as noted in Guide F1041:minimum gap 5 2!0.7! maximum wall t
26、hickness!Squeeze tools designed for more than one size pipe (outsidediameter and wall thickness) shall have adjustable stopsprovided to match the designated pipe sizes for that tool.6.3 Squeeze Bar Guide SpacingThe tool shall have suffi-cient squeeze bar length and spacing between the bar guides toa
27、llow the maximum diameter pipe for that tool to be centeredbetween the guides and squeezed to the correct bar stopswithout the squeezed pipe touching the guides.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The manufacture of these tools shall be in accordancewith good commercial practice to consistentl
28、y produce toolsthat meet the requirements of this specification.8. Sampling8.1 Use a separate sampling procedure for each differentstyle or size of tool. Select tools at random for testing. The pipeused to evaluate each tool shall be the same as pipe specifiedin 5.2.9. Inspection9.1 A quality contro
29、l (QC) inspection method shall beestablished that will ensure conformance to this specification.Deviations shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and thesupplier as part of the purchase contract.10. Product Marking10.1 Tools shall be permanently marked on a portion of thetool which will not inte
30、rfere with its use or performance. Eachtool shall be permanently marked with the following:10.1.1 Nominal size of pipe or pipes for which the tool isdesigned, including IPS or CTS designation, and SDR or wallthickness, or both,10.1.2 Manufacturers name or trademark,10.1.3 ASTM designation number, an
31、d3GRI-92/0147.2 Volume 2, Technical Reference on Squeeze-Off of PolyethyleneGas Pipes. Available from the Gas Technology Institute (GTI), 1510 Hubbard Dr.,Batavia, IL 60510.NOTE 1 Other bar shapes may also be acceptable (see 6.1).FIG. 1 Squeeze Bar ConfigurationsTABLE 1 Minimum Squeeze Bar RadiiANom
32、inal Pipe Size in.Round Bar MinimumRadius (R in Fig. 1)in.(mm)Flat BarBMinimum Radius(R in Fig. 1) in. (mm)14 to34 0.50 (12) 0.25 (6.4)1to134 0.62 (16) 0.31 (7.9)3 to 4 0.75 (19) 0.38 (9.7)6 to 8 1.00 (25) 0.50 (13)10 to 12 1.00 (25) 0.50 (13)14 to 16 1.25 (32) 0.62 (16)AThe suggested radii do not n
33、ecessarily provide the strength required to complywith Section 5. Squeeze bar materials and tool applications may require radiigreater than the minimums listed.BMinimum length of flat area is two times R.F1563 01 (2011)210.1.4 Maximum hydraulic, pneumatic pressure allowed, ifapplicable.11. Packaging
34、 and Package Marking11.1 The tool shall be packaged in accordance with thesuppliers standard practice in a manner ensuring arrival atdestination in satisfactory operating condition.11.2 Tool packages shall be labeled with the same informa-tion as in Section 10.12. Keywords12.1 flow control; squeeze-
35、off; squeeze toolsAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATION OF TOOL FLOW CONTROL PERFORMANCEX1.1 Gas Flow Rate:X1.1.1 The gas flow rate through the squeeze-off area of thepipe specimen can be determined when tested as follows:X1.1.1.1 Prepare three randomly selected pipe specime
36、ns inaccordance with Test Method D1598 except they will beunfilled.X1.1.1.2 Test the specimens in sequence using the toolbeing tested.X1.1.1.3 Set the test specimen in the test apparatus asshown in Fig. X1.1. Locate the tool at the mid-point of thespecimen. Close the squeeze bars to the recommended
37、me-chanical stops. Wait at least 1 min per inch diameter of thespecimen. Adjust the pressure regulator to give an upstreampressure equal to the maximum line pressure that the tool isdesigned to squeeze-off, or to be the maximum pressure thatthe test pipe is rated for, whichever is less. Test pressur
38、es lessthan the maximum designed for may be used to establishspecific gas flow control rate information as required by the gaspressure pipe system owner, the pipe manufacturer, and thetool manufacturer. Place the rubber hose inside the invertedmeasuring flask and note the time in seconds to displace
39、 60in.3(0.001 m3) of water. Calculate the gas flow rate. The gasflow rate can be calculated as follows:Q 5 125/twhere:Q = gas flow rate in cubic feet (meters) per hour, andt = time in seconds to displace 60 in.3(0.001 m3) of water.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any p
40、atent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revisi
41、on at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your co
42、mments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrigh
43、ted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ X1.1 Gas Flow Rate ApparatusF1563 01 (2011)3
