1、Designation: F2168 13 An American National StandardStandard Specification forPacking Material, Graphitic, Corrugated Ribbon or TexturedTape, and Die-Formed Ring1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2168; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal a
2、doption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 ScopeThis specification covers various types, classes,and grades of f
3、lexible graphite material in which valve mediatemperatures are limited to a maximum of 966C. Where thisspecification is invoked as ASTM F2168, Sections 118apply. Where this specification is invoked as ASTM/DoDF2168, Sections 118and the Supplementary Requirementsapply.1.2 The values stated in SI unit
4、s are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measure-ments of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite ArticlesC561 Test Method for Ash in a Graphite SampleC816 Test Method
5、 for Sulfur in Graphite by Combustion-Iodometric Titration MethodC889 Test Methods for Chemical and Mass SpectrometricAnalysis of Nuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide (Gd2O3)PowderD129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)D512 Test Methods for Ch
6、loride Ion In WaterD1179 Test Methods for Fluoride Ion in WaterD1246 Test Method for Bromide Ion in WaterD3178 Test Methods for Carbon and Hydrogen in theAnalysis Sample of Coal and Coke (Withdrawn 2007)3D3684 Test Method for Total Mercury in Coal by theOxygen Bomb Combustion/Atomic Absorption Metho
7、d(Withdrawn 2014)3D3761 Test Method for Total Fluorine in Coal by theOxygen Bomb Combustion/Ion Selective ElectrodeMethodD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingD4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample ofCoal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube FurnaceCombustion3. Terminology3.1 Definitio
8、ns:3.1.1 accordion crease, nbecause of the method of con-struction of die-formed rings, an accordion-like linear indica-tion (crease) appear singularly or in multiple locations aroundthe inside and outside diameter surface.3.1.2 corrosion inhibitors, nadditives to the products tofunction in a passiv
9、e or sacrificial manner to reduce galvaniccorrosion. These additives are typically embedded zincpowder, phosphorus, or barium molybdate.3.1.3 corrugated ribbon, ngraphite ribbon or tape that issubjected to mechanical pressure in a consistent manner toapply surface indentations to the tape or ribbon.
10、3.1.4 density, nthe mass per unit volume at a specifiedtemperature.3.1.5 detrimental materials, nabrasive or chemically ac-tive constituents such as ash particles (in high ash content foils)or elemental materials that cause galvanic action or corrosionin long-term storage or service environments.3.1
11、.6 die-formed ring, na packing ring made by mechani-cally compacting winds of graphite ribbon or braided packingin a die or fixture.3.1.7 lot, nall finished packing of one size, type, class, andgrade produced in a continuous run or at the same time underessentially the same conditions.3.1.8 set, nth
12、e packing components required to pack onevalve.3.1.9 size, nthe physical dimensions of the packing mate-rial.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.02 onInsulation/Processes.Current editio
13、n approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2168 - 02(2008).DOI: 10.1520/F2168-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of A
14、STMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Cl
15、assification4.1 ClassificationThe material shall be of the followingtypes, classes, and grades as specified (see Section 5).4.1.1 Type ICorrugated ribbon or textured tape.4.1.2 Type IIDie-formed ring.4.1.3 Class 1For use where detrimental material contentof the packing need not be controlled beyond
16、normal manu-facturing limit (commercial grade).4.1.4 Class 2For use where detrimental material contentshall be controlled to the limits specified herein.4.1.5 Grade ATreated with corrosion inhibitor.4.1.6 Grade BNo corrosion inhibitor.5. Ordering Information5.1 Contracts or orders for the units unde
17、r this specificationshall include the following information:5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification.5.1.2 Type, class, and grade.5.1.3 Type of corrosion inhibitor (see 6.1.3 and Supplemen-tary Requirements).5.1.4 Specify density of die-formed rings.5.1.5 Inspection, testing, and certific
18、ation of the materialshall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier aspart of the purchase contract (see Sections 14 and 16).5.1.6 When die-formed (Type II) packing rings are desired,the ring height, inside diameter, outside diameter, number ofcuts, and number of packing rings required
19、per set (see 9.2 and9.3).5.1.7 Marking requirements (see Section 17 and Supple-mentary Requirements).5.1.8 Packaging requirements (see Section 18 and Supple-mentary Requirements).5.1.9 Application data (to include operating pressure, oper-ating temperature, and media).5.1.10 Specify thickness of Typ
20、e I.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 MaterialRequirements specified herein apply to Class1 and Class 2 and Grade A and Grade B packing, except wherenoted.6.1.1 Type IThe packing shall be made entirely of flexiblegraphitic material having no binders and meeting the require-ments of Tables 1 and 2.6.1.
21、2 Type IIDie-formed packing rings shall be manufac-tured from flexible graphitic material conforming to the re-quirements of Tables 1 and 2.6.1.3 Coating and Corrosion-Inhibiting Treatments:6.1.3.1 Grade AGrade A packing shall be provided with apowdered zinc active corrosion-inhibiting treatment or
22、a pas-sive inhibiting treatment such as phosphorous or bariummolybdate, as specified (see Section 5). When the use ofinhibitors is required, both passive and active inhibitors shallbe permitted to be used.6.1.3.2 Grade BGrade B packing shall not containcorrosion-inhibiting additives.6.1.4 Mercury Ex
23、clusionDuring manufacturing,fabrication, handling, packaging, and packing, the packingmaterial shall not come in contact with mercury or mercurycontaining compounds.7. Properties7.1 Chemical and Physical PropertiesUnless otherwisespecified, the properties of the finished packing shall conformto the
24、requirements of Table 1. Class 2 also requires compli-ance with Table 2.7.2 Prohibited AdditionsThere shall be no intentionaladditions of any of the detrimental materials of Table 2 orantimony (Sb), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd),gallium (Ga), indium (In), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), silver (
25、Ag),or tin (Sn) during the manufacturing, fabrication, handling,packaging, and packing of the product.8. Other Requirements8.1 No other requirements noted.9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations9.1 Type I Ribbon PackingUnless otherwise specified (seeSection 5), the packing shall be uniformly
26、 coiled, spooled, orreeled in accordance with Table 3.9.2 Type II Die-Formed PackingUnless otherwise speci-fied (see Section 5), the tolerances for Type II packing shall bein accordance with Table 4. The tolerance applies to finishedrings before any cutting operations.9.3 Split RingsThe number of cu
27、ts (zero, one, or two)shall be as specified (see Section 5). Cuts shall be made atapproximately a 45 angle such that an overlapping joint isformed in the compressed state. When two cuts are required(separating the ring into two parts), the resulting parts shall beTABLE 1 Chemical and Physical Proper
28、tiesProperty Value Unit TestDensity, bulk as specified kg/m313.5Ash 1 % by mass, max 13.3Graphite purity 99 %, min 13.4TABLE 2 Detrimental Materials (Class 2 Only (See 13.6)ElementMaximum TotalAllowable ImpurityLevels in Parts perMillion (ppm)Mercury (Hg) 10Sulfur (S) 750Total halogens (chlorine, br
29、omine, andfluorine)500Chlorine (Cl) 250Bromine (Br) 250Fluorine (F) 250TABLE 3 Dimensions for Type IWidth Length, min6 0.075 mm 7.62 m12 0.075 mm 7.62 m18 0.075 mm 15.24 m25 0.075 mm 15.24 mF2168 132approximately the same dimension. When the number of cutsis not specified, single-cut rings shall be
30、provided.10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance10.1 WorkmanshipThe packing shall be free from extra-neous material and visual defects that affect its serviceability,as defined in Table 5.11. Quality Assurance11.1 Quality SystemsManufacturers shall be prepared todocument use of a quality system such
31、 as compliance with anISO 9000 series program or similar program.12. Specimen Preparation12.1 Specimen PreparationBuyer and seller shall agree onspecimen preparation.13. Test Methods13.1 TestsWhen tests are required as part of the purchas-ing requirements (see 5.1.5), tests shall be made in accordan
32、cewith the following methods or by way of alternate methods ofanalysis with equal or improved accuracy and precision. Theuse of an alternate analytical method requires the prior writtenconsent of the purchasing party before acceptance will beallowed. Except for the corrosion-inhibiting treatment exc
33、ep-tions of 13.3 and 13.4, all testing shall be performed on finalproduct after completion of all processing, including applica-tion of any binders and, if required, corrosion inhibitors.13.2 SizeThe size determined by measuring each sampleselected for visual examination (see Table 4).13.3 Ash Conte
34、ntThe ash content determined in accor-dance with Test Method C561 (see Table 1). For Grade Apacking only, the test shall be conducted before the corrosion-inhibiting treatment or the added mass of the corrosioninhibitor shall be determined and subtracted from the basemass of the sample.13.4 Graphite
35、 PurityThe sample shall be dried to aconstant mass at 149 6 3C before testing. For Grade Apacking only, the test shall be conducted before the corrosion-inhibiting treatment or the added mass of the corrosioninhibitor shall be determined and subtracted from the basemass of the sample. The percent ca
36、rbon shall be based uponmass of the dried sample. This determination shall be made inaccordance with Test Methods D3178 or an alternate method ofanalysis with equal or improved accuracy and precision (seeTable 1).13.5 Bulk DensityThe bulk density of the Type I and TypeII materials determined in acco
37、rdance with Test Method C559.13.6 Detrimental Material TestsFor determination of thedetrimental materials listed in Table 2 for Class 2 only, the testmethods of Table 6 or alternate methods of equal or improvedaccuracy and precision shall be used.14. Inspection and Testing14.1 Inspection and testing
38、 of the material shall be agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier as part of thepurchase contract (see 5.1.5).15. Rejection15.1 Materials that fail to conform to the requirements ofthis specification shall be rejected. Rejection shall be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in
39、writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of testing, the producer shallmake claim for a rehearing or provide for third party testing.TABLE 4 Tolerances for Type II PackingInside Diameter (i.d.) Outside Diameter (o.d.) Thicknessto 25 mm o.d.+0.25 mm +0.000 mm 0.50 mm-0.000 mm -0.25 mm25 mm
40、 and above o.d.+0.38 mm +0.000 mm 0.75 mm-0.000 mm -0.38 mmTABLE 5 Classification of Visual DefectsItem CategoryMajorType I corrugated ribbon or textured tape Void.Rip or tear in ribbon.Particulate or extraneous matter on surface that is not easily removed without damaging the packing.Noncontinuous
41、length (no joints).Lack of corrugation or textured surface area.Creasing or crimping.Type II die-formed rings Holes or voids.Particulate or extraneous matter on surface that is not easily removed without damaging the packing.Delaminations (laminated rings).Gouges (minor indentations less than 0.12 m
42、m in depth resulting from normal production and handling areacceptable).Split rings not cut cleanly.Lack of corrosion inhibitor (Grade A only).Wrong corrosion inhibitor (Grade A only).Presence of corrosion inhibitor (Grade B only).Cracking (crevices of no appreciable width associated with folds (acc
43、ordion creases), ply terminations, or plies ofdie molded ribbon packing rings are acceptable.)F2168 13316. Certification16.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, thepurchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-senting each lot have been tested and the requirements haveb
44、een met. When specified in the purchase order or contract, areport of the test results shall be furnished.16.2 Detrimental Materials ControlFor Class 2 materialonly, the vendor shall provide certification that the limits ofTable 2 have been met and that low melting metals (Sb, As, Bi,Cd, Pb, Sn, Ga,
45、 In, Ag, Hg and Zn Zn for Grade B only) havenot been added as intentional constituents. In lieu of specifictest results for the lot to be delivered, certifications shall bebased on tests of both raw materials and production lots ofsimilar finished packing material over an extended time period(not ex
46、ceeding three years between tests). Any change tomanufacturing processing that affects product composition,including changes to raw material, binders, or inhibitors (GradeA) shall require additional testing to form the basis for futurecertifications.17. Product Marking17.1 MarkingFor commercial ship
47、ment, marking shall bein accordance with accepted industry practices or as required inthe purchase contract (see 5.1.1). Marking shall include type ofcorrosion inhibitor, if any.18. Packaging18.1 Commercial PackagingCommercial packaging shallbe in accordance with Practice D3951 or as required in the
48、purchase contract (see 5.1.1).19. Keywords19.1 flexible graphite material; packing materialSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in thecontract or order. All of these supplementary requirements, and Sections 118, are appli
49、cable wherethis specification is invoked as ASTM/DoD F2168. This specification is adapted from MIL-P-24503.S1. ScopeS1.1 DoD Intended UsePacking is intended for generalshipboard service in valves with the exception of potable water.Grade A packing is intended for use in valves withnoncorrosion-resistant (for example, carbon steel, 400 seriesstainless steel) stem and packing gland parts.S1.1.1 Type IType I packing is in corrugated ribbon ortextured tape form for use where packing gland dimensions arenot uniform or known. T
