1、Designation: F2220 15 An American National StandardStandard Specification forHeadforms1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2220; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i
2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification identifies the headforms used for testing protective headgear in individual ASTMInternational test methods and performance s
3、tandards (standard specifications). This specification wasclosely based on ISO DIS 6220, which was never published as an International Standard and is nolonger available. EN 960, a published standard, is also based on ISO DIS 6220 and has been used asa basis for this standard.1. Scope1.1 This standa
4、rd specifies the materials, sizing, and manu-facturing details of test headforms for use in the testing ofprotective headgear. Details of the exterior dimension of theheadforms are included.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in
5、 thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B92/B92M Specification for Unalloyed Magnesium Ingotand Stick For Remelting2.2 Other Standards:EN 960 Headforms for Use in the Testing of ProtectiveHelmets3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 basic plane, nan anatomical plane that includes thes
6、uperior rim of the external auditory meatuses (upper edge ofthe external openings of the ear) and the inferior margin of theorbit (the lowest point of the floor of the eye socket) (see Figs.1 and 2).3.1.2 coronal plane, nan anatomical plane perpendicularto both the basic and midsagittal planes and p
7、assing throughthe superior rims of the right and left external auditorymeatuses. The transverse plane corresponds to the coronalplane (see Figs. 1 and 2).3.1.3 impact headforms, nheadforms used for impacttesting of protective headgear. Impact headforms shall conformto the external dimension defined
8、in this specification. Theseheadforms shall meet the material, dimensions, mass, andcenter of gravity requirements of this specification. Theseheadforms shall include surface markings corresponding to thebasic, coronal, midsagittal, and reference planes.3.1.4 midsagittal plane, nan anatomical plane
9、perpendicu-lar to the basic plane and containing the midpoint of the lineconnecting the notches of the right and left inferior orbitalridges and the midpoint of the line connecting the superior rimsof the right and left external auditory meatuses (see Figs. 1 and2).3.1.5 other (reference) headforms,
10、 nheadforms used forother testing, other than impact, of protective headgear. Theyshall conform to the external dimension requirements of eachparticular headform size, as specified in this specification.Reference headforms shall be made of material of sufficientstrength and stiffness to maintain the
11、ir geometry during testing.Full-chin headforms will be used as necessary. Referenceheadforms shall include surface markings corresponding to thebasic, coronal, midsagittal, and reference planes.3.1.6 reference plane, na plane marked on the headformsat a specified distance above and parallel to the b
12、asic plane (seeFig. 2).4. Classification4.1 This specification identifies the requirements for six testheadform sizes: F2220-A, F2220-C, F2220-E, F2220-J,F2220-M, and F2220-O.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and
13、is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2220 14. DOI:10.1520/F2220-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.as
14、tm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Dimens
15、ions5.1 Datum LevelsAll datum levels are quoted relative tothe reference plane (“0” level) and are given in mm.5.2 DimensionsThe external dimensions that the head-forms must conform to are identified in Annex A1. Thesegment lengths from the intersection of the coronal plane,midsagittal plane and the
16、 reference plane of the test headformto the intersection of a horizontal angle and a point at eachdatum level above the reference plane are given. The exactgeometry of the external surface may be determined by a splinefunction or other curve fitting algorithm in order to produce asmooth and continuo
17、us outer headform surface. The headformsshall be symmetrical about the midsagittal plane. Internalgeometry may be defined to satisfy the requirements of theindividual test specifications. The resulting headform must stillcomply with the other requirements of this specification.6. Impact Headforms6.1
18、 Materials and ManufactureThe impact headformsshall be made of K1A-F magnesium (nominal composition0.7 % Zr, balance Mg; Specification B92/B92M, Grade9980A).6.2 Performance RequirementsThe impact headformsshall not have resonant frequencies below 2000 Hz.6.3 MassThe total mass of the drop assembly (
19、includingthe instrumented headform and supporting assembly) shall bedescribed in the specific test method for evaluating protectiveheadgear. The mass of the impact headform may be adjusted toaccommodate the specific test method requirements.6.4 Center of GravityThe center of gravity of the impacthea
20、dform shall lie at a point on the central vertical axis, 12.7mm above the reference plane.6.5 Product MarkingAll impact headforms shall bemarked with:6.5.1 Headform size;6.5.2 Basic plane;6.5.3 Reference plane; and6.5.4 Midsagittal (longitudinal) and coronal (transverse)planes through the vertical a
21、xis.7. Other (Reference) Headforms7.1 Materials and ManufactureOther headforms shall bemade of material of sufficient strength and stiffness to maintaintheir geometry during testing.8. Keywords8.1 headform(s); helmet(s); protective headgearFIG. 1 Anatomical PlanesFIG. 2 Impact HeadformBasic, Referen
22、ce, Midsagittal PlanesF2220 152ANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. HEADFORM DATAA1.1 Headform Data Above and Below the ReferencePlaneA1.1.1 See Fig. A1.1 and Tables A1.1-A1.6.A1.2 Headform Data from Above the Reference Plane, TopViewA1.2.1 See Fig. A1.2.A1.3 Headform Data from Below the Reference Plane,
23、Bottom ViewA1.3.1 See Fig. A1.3.FIG. A1.1 Headform Datum Levels Above and Below the Reference Plane (see Tables A1.1-A1.6 for specific datum levels)F2220 153TABLE A1.1 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-ANOTE 1Angles in degrees with a tolerance of 0.5. Radii in millimetres, with a tole
24、rance of 1.0 %. Datum levels with a tolerance of 0.5 mm.NOTE 2The full size headform shall have a jaw line which resembles the human jaw. This jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminateany sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the central vertical axi
25、s.NOTE 3Those data points which form the chin of the headform are permitted to exceed the published tolerance once a radius has been applied.F2220 - AAngle0Front15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180RearHeightAboveReferencePlane(mm)85 88.2 88.1 88.0 87.9 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.7 89.7 91.3 92.5 93.0 92
26、.780 88.2 88.3 88.4 88.0 87.2 86.8 86.9 87.7 89.2 91.4 93.5 93.4 93.270 89.8 90.0 89.9 88.0 85.7 84.6 84.5 85.8 87.9 90.6 93.1 93.2 93.160 90.6 90.6 90.2 86.7 83.5 81.8 81.7 83.3 86.1 89.3 92.3 92.6 92.550 90.1 90.1 89.5 84.7 80.9 78.7 78.5 80.5 83.7 87.5 91.0 91.8 91.640 89.1 89.0 88.2 82.4 78.1 76
27、.0 75.6 77.7 81.2 85.6 89.5 90.9 90.720 87.7 86.8 84.9 78.0 72.8 70.1 69.7 72.5 76.3 81.2 86.2 88.9 89.0ReferencePlane0 88.0 86.5 83.0 75.5 70.0 67.0 66.5 69.5 73.5 78.5 84.0 87.0 88.0DepthBelowReferencePlane(mm)-11.1 88.7 87.2 83.2 75.3 69.4 66.9 66.9 69.4 72.9 77.8 82.3 85.2 85.7-19.9 90.2 90.2 84
28、.9 76.6 69.4 66.1 64.6 67.5 70.4 75.2 79.5 82.4 82.9-30.6 93.2 94.6 86.6 77.8 71.8 69.1 63.8 65.6 68.7 73.2 77.3 79.6 80.1-39.4 96.4 97.8 88.3 79.9 74.3 71.8 66.8 67.7 70.1 73.0 76.0 78.2 77.7-52.5 102.5 103.8 93.2 85.1 80.1 75.3 73.5 73.9 75.0 77.1 79.0 79.7 78.6-65.6 109.8 111.0 100.0 92.3 87.9 84
29、.0 82.8 83.1 83.4 84.0 84.3 85.0 85.3-74.4 115.2 116.4 104.6 97.2 94.3 90.2 89.9 90.2 90.5 91.1 91.3 91.9 92.2-78.8 118.1 119.2 106.4 100.6 93.1 93.3 93.6 93.9 94.1 94.7 95.0 95.5 95.8-84.4 121.9 123.0 109.3 96.8 97.8 98.1 98.4 98.6 98.9 99.4 99.7 100.2 100.5-92.8 127.9 128.9 104.3 104.3 105.2 105.4
30、 105.7 105.9 106.1 106.6 106.9 107.4 107.6-119.0 127.9 127.9 128.1 128.1 128.9 129.1 129.3 129.5 129.7 130.1 130.3 130.7 130.9Distance from reference plane to top of headform: 89.7 mmDepth to basic plane: -24.0 mmTABLE A1.2 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-CNOTE 1Angles in degrees wi
31、th a tolerance of 0.5. Radii in millimetres, with a tolerance of 1.0 %. Datum levels with a tolerance of 0.5 mm.NOTE 2The full size headform shall have a jaw line which resembles the human jaw. This jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminateany sharp edges. The base of the neck shall
32、be squared off perpendicular to the central vertical axis.NOTE 3Those data points which form the chin of the headform are permitted to exceed the published tolerance once a radius has been applied.F2220 - CAngle0Front15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180RearHeightAboveReferencePlane(mm)90 92.3 9
33、2.2 92.0 91.9 91.9 91.9 92.1 92.5 93.2 94.1 94.9 95.2 95.185 92.1 92.0 91.8 91.4 90.9 90.7 90.9 91.7 93.0 94.8 96.2 96.4 96.380 92.4 92.4 92.3 91.4 90.2 89.7 89.9 90.9 92.6 95.0 96.6 96.9 96.970 93.8 93.5 93.1 91.0 88.5 87.4 87.6 88.9 91.3 94.3 96.3 96.9 96.960 94.2 93.7 93.0 89.8 86.3 84.6 84.6 86.
34、3 89.3 92.8 95.3 96.2 96.350 93.8 93.1 92.2 87.9 83.6 81.5 81.4 83.5 86.9 90.8 93.9 95.1 95.540 93.1 92.1 90.8 85.7 80.7 78.6 78.6 80.7 84.2 88.7 92.4 94.1 94.920 91.8 90.1 87.8 81.5 75.4 72.9 72.4 75.4 79.6 84.5 89.1 91.9 92.7ReferencePlane0 91.5 89.5 86.0 79.0 72.5 70.0 69.5 72.5 77.0 82.0 87.5 90
35、.5 91.5DepthBelowReferencePlane(mm)-11.5 92.2 90.2 86.3 77.9 71.9 69.5 69.5 71.9 75.4 80.8 85.3 88.3 88.7-20.6 93.8 93.3 87.9 79.2 72.0 68.7 67.2 69.6 73.0 78.3 82.6 85.5 86.0-31.8 96.9 97.8 89.8 80.5 74.2 71.9 66.1 68.3 71.5 76.0 80.1 82.4 82.8-40.8 100.2 101.1 91.1 82.3 77.2 74.2 69.3 70.1 72.6 75
36、.9 78.9 81.0 80.6-54.4 106.5 107.3 96.7 88.3 82.9 78.1 76.3 76.7 77.7 79.9 81.7 82.5 81.7-68 114.0 114.8 103.5 95.5 91.4 87.1 85.6 86.2 87.8 87.1 87.5 88.1 88.4-77.1 119.7 120.4 108.3 100.8 97.7 93.3 93.0 93.6 93.8 94.4 94.7 95.3 95.6-81.7 122.7 123.4 110.2 102.9 96.3 96.6 96.8 97.4 97.7 98.2 98.5 9
37、9.0 99.3-87.6 126.7 127.4 113.4 100.6 101.4 101.6 101.9 102.4 102.5 103.1 103.4 104.0 104.1-96.2 132.8 133.5 108.0 108.2 108.9 109.1 109.4 109.8 110.0 110.5 110.8 111.3 111.4-123.4 132.6 132.6 132.8 133.0 133.5 133.7 133.9 134.3 134.4 134.9 135.1 135.5 135.6Distance from reference plane to top of he
38、adform: 93.0 mmDepth to basic plane: -25.0 mmF2220 154TABLE A1.3 External Dimensions for Full Headform Size F2220-ENOTE 1Angles in degrees with a tolerance of 0.5. Radii in millimetres, with a tolerance of 1.0 %. Datum levels with a tolerance of 0.5 mm.NOTE 2The full size headform shall have a jaw l
39、ine which resembles the human jaw. This jaw line should be radiused along its length to eliminateany sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the central vertical axis.NOTE 3Those data points which form the chin of the headform are permitted to exceed the published tol
40、erance once a radius has been applied.F2220 - EAngle0Front15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180RearHeightAboveReferencePlane(mm)95 95.5 95.5 95.5 95.5 95.5 95.6 95.7 95.9 96.1 96.3 96.4 96.4 96.490 94.4 94.4 94.3 94.3 94.4 94.5 94.7 95.2 96.1 97.5 98.8 99.2 99.185 94.5 94.6 94.7 94.4 93.7 93.5 9
41、3.7 94.4 95.6 97.7 99.5 99.9 99.880 95.3 95.4 95.5 94.5 93.1 92.5 92.7 93.7 95.1 97.6 99.7 100.1 100.070 96.8 97.0 96.4 94.2 91.5 90.2 90.2 91.5 93.7 96.8 99.5 100.0 99.860 97.1 97.3 96.2 92.9 89.4 87.4 87.3 89.0 91.8 95.3 98.7 99.2 99.150 96.5 96.8 95.3 91.0 86.8 84.4 84.2 86.2 89.4 93.4 97.5 98.2
42、98.240 95.7 95.8 93.9 88.8 84.2 81.3 81.6 83.8 86.9 91.4 96.3 97.3 97.320 94.5 93.6 91.2 84.6 79.1 76.2 76.0 78.7 82.5 87.4 92.8 95.3 95.7ReferencePlane0 94.5 93.0 90.0 82.0 76.5 73.5 73.0 76.0 80.0 85.0 91.0 94.0 94.5DepthBelowReferencePlane(mm)-11.9 95.2 93.8 89.3 80.4 74.0 71.5 71.5 74.0 77.9 83.
43、4 87.8 91.3 91.8-21.3 96.9 96.4 91.0 82.3 74.1 70.8 69.4 72.2 75.1 80.4 85.2 88.1 88.6-32.8 100.0 101.0 92.5 83.2 76.9 74.1 68.4 70.6 73.7 78.2 82.8 85.1 85.5-42.1 103.5 104.4 94.4 85.1 79.6 76.6 71.3 72.5 74.9 78.3 81.7 83.4 83.0-56.2 109.9 110.8 99.8 90.9 85.5 80.4 79.0 79.0 80.0 82.6 84.4 85.2 84
44、.4-70.2 117.7 118.5 106.8 98.8 94.0 89.8 88.6 89.2 89.5 89.8 90.1 90.7 91.1-79.6 123.6 124.3 111.8 104.0 100.9 96.5 96.2 96.8 97.0 97.3 97.6 98.2 98.5-84.3 126.6 127.4 113.8 106.1 99.6 99.8 100.1 100.7 100.9 101.2 101.5 102.0 102.3-90.4 130.8 131.5 117.1 103.8 104.8 105.0 105.3 105.8 106.1 106.3 106
45、.6 107.1 107.4-99.3 137.1 137.8 111.4 111.6 112.6 112.8 113.0 113.5 113.8 114.0 114.2 114.7 115.0-127.4 136.9 136.9 137.0 137.2 138.0 138.2 138.4 138.8 139.0 139.2 139.4 139.8 140.0Distance from reference plane to top of headform: 96.0 mmDepth to basic plane: -26.0 mmTABLE A1.4 External Dimensions f
46、or Full Headform Size F2220-JNOTE 1Angles in degrees with a tolerance of 0.5. Radii in millimetres, with a tolerance of 1.0 %. Datum levels with a tolerance of 0.5 mm.NOTE 2The full size headform shall have a jaw line which resembles the human jaw. This jaw line should be radiused along its length t
47、o eliminateany sharp edges. The base of the neck shall be squared off perpendicular to the central vertical axis.NOTE 3Those data points which form the chin of the headform are permitted to exceed the published tolerance once a radius has been applied.F2220 - JAngle0Front15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 13
48、5 150 165 180RearHeightAboveReferencePlane(mm)102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5 102.5100 102.0 101.9 101.8 101.7 101.6 101.7 101.9 102.2 102.8 103.6 104.4 104.8 104.795 102.0 101.8 101.4 101.0 100.7 100.6 100.9 101.7 102.9 104.5 105.9 106.4 106.390 102.3 1
49、02.2 101.7 100.9 100.1 99.8 100.1 101.0 102.6 104.7 106.4 107.0 106.985 102.8 102.6 102.1 100.9 99.5 98.9 99.15 100.3 102.1 104.5 106.5 107.1 107.180 103.2 103.0 102.3 100.7 98.8 97.8 98.1 99.4 101.5 104.0 106.3 107.1 107.070 103.5 103.1 102.1 99.8 96.9 95.4 95.6 97.2 99.7 102.8 105.5 106.5 106.460 103.1 102.6 101.3 97.9 94.6 92.6 92.9 94.7 97.6 101.1 104.3 105.5 105.550 102.6 101.7 100.0 96.5 92.0 89.7 90.1 92.1 95.2 99.3 102.9 104.4 104.540 101.5 100.7 98.5 94.3 89.2 86.9 87.3 89.5 9
