1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ATIS-0600328.2018 Protection of Telecommunications Links from Physical Stress and Radiation Effects and Associated Requirements for DC Power Systems (A Baseline Standard) ATIS-0600328.2018 ii Foreword The information contained in this Foreword is no
2、t part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance with ANSIs requirements for an ANS. As such, this Foreword may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for co
3、nformance to the Standard. The Alliance for Telecommunication Industry Solutions (ATIS) serves the public through improved understanding between providers, customers, and manufacturers. The Sustainability in Telecom: Energy and Protection (STEP) Committee formerly the Network Interface, Power, and P
4、rotection Committee (NIPP) engages industry expertise to develop standards and technical reports for telecommunications equipment and environments in the areas of energy efficiency, environmental impacts, power and protection. The work products of STEP enable vendors, operators and their customers t
5、o deploy and operate reliable, environmentally sustainable, energy efficient communications technologies. STEP is committed to proactive engagement with national, regional and international standards development organizations and forums that share its scope of work. ANSI guidelines specify two categ
6、ories of requirements: mandatory and recommendation. The mandatory requirements are designated by the word shall and recommendations by the word should. Where both a mandatory requirement and a recommendation are specified for the same criterion, the recommendation represents a goal currently identi
7、fiable as having distinct compatibility or performance advantages. Suggestions for improvement of this document are welcome. They should be sent to the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, STEP, 1200 G Street NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20005. At the time of initiation or issuance o
8、f the letter ballot for this document, STEP, which was responsible for its development, had the following leadership: E. Gallo, STEP Chair (Ericsson) J. Fuller, STEP Vice-Chair (AT an accumulation of granular ice tufts on the windward sides of exposed objects that is formed from supercooled fog or c
9、loud and built out directly against the wind; crust or incrustation. 3.1.5 Telecommunications link: A communications facility or channel connecting environmentally controlled centers, including feeder and local distribution plant, in the telecommunications network. Examples of these include but are
10、not necessarily restricted to: optical-fiber cable, coaxial cable, metallic cables, transmitting and receiving antenna or towers, manholes, pedestals, splice cases, repeater cases, and cable entrance facilities. 3.2 Abbreviations a unit of pressure or stress equal to one Newton per square meter PE P
11、olyethylene RMS Root-Mean-Square SAP Super Absorbent Polymer TIA Telecommunications Industry Association ATIS-0600328.2018 5 4 Protection Measures Overview 4.1 General The baseline physical protection measures are classified into the following areas: Vibration Water penetration Temperature and fire
12、Lightning Wind and ice Rodents, birds, and insects Construction Corrosion Aerial Corrosion Buried Telecommunications power Radiation effects Each stress type has protective measures with reference to informative Annexes as necessary. 5 Vibration 5.1 General Vibration, or motions of plant and links,
13、may be caused by sources either external or internal to the surrounding environment. Vibration may be categorized as either continuous or transient. Continuous vibration is associated with rotating machinery and is generally a long-duration event. Fatigue may be associated with continuous vibration.
14、 The amplitude of vibration is greatest when the equipment or structure has a resonant frequency at the same frequency as the excitation sources. Transient vibrations are generally short duration, temporary motions caused by earthquakes (see Annex L), blasting, or vehicles. The energy levels associa
15、ted with transient vibrations generally build quickly to maximum values, and then decay rapidly to negligible values over a time period dictated by the sources and damping (energy dissipation) characteristics of a given site. 5.2 Vibration-Related Requirements Telecommunications links shall remain o
16、perational after sustaining forces caused by continuous or transient sources of normally-encountered vibrations. If there is physical damage to the links, it shall not be such as to disrupt service, and shall be limited to repairs that can be made without disruption of service. 5.2.1 Ability to Resi
17、st Vibratory Forces Connection and repeater points in telecommunications link plant should be tested or analyzed to demonstrate the ability to resist vibratory forces. Structures that are included in this category are supporting racks of the cable and equipment, manholes, pedestals, and mounting cas
18、es for aboveground repeaters. Telecommunications links should resist vibratory forces from internal and external sources. The accelerations produced by these vibrations may be as high as 0.1 g (g is the symbol for the acceleration of gravity). Telecommunications links that are subjected to these lev
19、els of vibration should demonstrate the ability to withstand this environment when either tested or analyzed. The mechanical frequency range from 5 to 200 Hz should be used in the testing. Physical damage or service affecting outage should not occur from these vibrations to either the facility or th
20、e link. ATIS-0600328.2018 6 A test method for vibration that may be applied to a specimen that matches the installed configuration is given in Annex K. Acceptance levels shall be such that no physical damage occurs that disrupts service. Analysis of the structure shall demonstrate that safe stress l
21、evels are not exceeded for all support elements. 5.2.2 Cable Supports Telecommunications cable within manholes should be supported on racks that are fastened to walls or ceilings. Cables should be secured to the racks or supporting structures by means of lashing or cable ties. These measures offer v
22、ibration protection by stiffening cables such that their relative displacements are small. 5.2.3 Limitation on Mass The weight of telecommunications links, including cable and apparatus, shall not exceed the safe working load of the hardware support structure. 5.3 Earthquake Resistance Testing Telec
23、ommunications links equipment shall be resistant to the accelerative forces imposed by earthquakes and shall be tested using ATIS-0600329. Although developed for network telecommunications equipment installed within buildings, applying the standards testing profile to link cables and fittings is dee
24、med very aggressive because of the amplifying effects of multi-story building motion incorporated within the earthquake testing profile. Link assemblies satisfactorily passing the testing criteria compare favorably to network equipment passing this requirement for application in buildings. 6 Water P
25、enetration 6.1 Water Resistance of Optical-Fiber Cable The optical-fiber cable structure shall limit the migration of water within the cable to the immediate area where the cable was breached by natural or man-made causes. Optical-fiber cables shall meet the following requirements: a) The interstice
26、s in the cable shall be filled with a filling compound or dry-block material to help prevent water ingress, and migration along a cable. b) The filling compound is a grease-like material that is applied in the buffer tube of a cable (or in the cable core) to provide a water-blocking function. The fi
27、lling compound is typically a polymeric gel, a thixotropic compound, or similar materials. c) The dry-block material is a non-greasy material applied in cable to function as a water-blocking agent when coming into contact with water. The dry-block material is typically a Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP
28、) applied directly or in combination with tapes, yarns, polymer carriers, or similar cable components. The dry-block material is designed to absorb water upon contact and swell to block further ingress of water. d) The filling compound material shall be nonnutritive to fungus, non-hygroscopic, elect
29、rically nonconductive, homogeneous, translucent, and free from dirt and foreign matter. The filling material shall have a minimum oxidative induction time of 20 minutes when tested per either ASTM D3895, or section 17 of ASTM D 4565. For the testing, degreased aluminum pans shall be used (i.e., do n
30、ot use copper pans and do not use metal mesh screens). e) The filling compound or dry-block materials shall not adversely affect the ability to handle the cable and shall be readily removable by conventional means (cable wipes or cleaners). f) The filling compound or dry-block materials shall be com
31、patible with other cable components (jackets, buffer tubes, optical coatings, etc.). The completed cable shall be aged at 70 deg for 28 days and show no degradation in cable and fiber handling characteristics or delamination of the optical fiber coatings. g) When a one-meter static head or equivalen
32、t continuous pressure is applied at one end of a one-meter length of cable for one hour, no water shall leak through the open cable end when tested in accordance with EIA/TIA-455-82B. ATIS-0600328.2018 7 6.2 Water Resistance of Copper-Conductor Cables Filled cables shall contain a filling compound m
33、eeting the requirements of paragraphs 4.5 and 4.5.1 of ICEA S-84-608. The insulation/filling compound system shall be suitably stabilized so as to meet the thermal oxidative stability requirement of paragraph 3.4.6. of ICEA S-84-608. The filled cable shall meet the capacitance difference and water p
34、enetration test requirements of paragraphs 8.4 and 9.2 of ICEA S-84-608. 6.3 Water-Impermeable Electrical Connectors 6.3.1 Requirement Electrical connector test samples (such as wire splices and terminal blocks) used in equipment enclosures that are not watertight or environmentally-controlled, in a
35、reas where the enclosure may be flooded or exposed to aggressive atmospheric conditions such as industrial air pollution or a marine environment shall be impermeable to water. 6.3.2 Water Permeability Test Procedure Electrical connector test samples shall be immersed under 15 cm (5.9 inches) of tap
36、water at 25C (77F) for 168 hours. During this immersion period, -48 V dc shall be applied between pairs of conductors. After this immersion period, the insulation resistance between the connectors and a ground electrode immersed in the water bath shall exceed 100 M. No connectors shall show visual (
37、non-magnified) evidence of corrosion after immersion in the water. 6.4 Rain-Resistant Enclosures 6.4.1 Requirement Aboveground equipment enclosures shall prevent water intrusion from wind-driven rain. Sample equipment enclosures, including network interface device (NID) enclosures, shall be subjecte
38、d to a rain test in all directions to determine the effectiveness of the protective covers or cases to shield equipment from rain. These tests shall be applied to equipment that might be exposed to rain under service conditions. All surfaces onto which the rain could fall or be driven shall be expos
39、ed to the test conditions described in 6.4.3. 6.4.2 Objectives 6.4.3 Equipment Enclosures At the conclusion of the rain test, the outside of the sample shall be wiped clean of water. Upon visual examination inside the enclosure, there shall be no wetting of current carrying parts. A maximum moisture
40、 accumulation of 4 cc per cubic foot of interior space is permitted as long as no electronics or electrical components are affected. 6.4.4 Network Interface Device An outdoor NID shall prevent the entry of water when installed as intended. Where tip and ring are present, the resistance between tip a
41、nd ring, tip to ground, and ring to ground shall be no less than 10M ohms when measured 5 minutes after water flow ceases. The criteria specified in UL 1863, Communication circuit accessories, shall be met. 6.4.5 Rainwater Intrusion Test Procedure 6.4.6 Equipment Enclosures The enclosure test sample
42、s shall be mounted in their typical mounting position and sprayed with water. The temperature of the Equipment Under Test (EUT) shall be stabilized at 10 +/- 2 C above the rainwater temperature ATIS-0600328.2018 8 at the start of each test. Any fans or other cooling systems, if present in the enclos
43、ure, shall be operated and any dampers shall be opened during this test in order to test worst-case conditions. The following rain test procedure, as specified in MIL-STD-810G, Method 506.5, shall be used to evaluate rainwater intrusion of equipment enclosures: Procedure I, with a wind speed of 18m/
44、s (40 mph) and a rainfall rate of 13 cm/h (5.2 inches/hour). 6.4.7 Network Interface Device Samples with covers in place shall be subjected, in all directions, to a rain test for a period of 24 hours. The test specified in UL 1863 shall be performed with the following exceptions: Water pressure, 94.
45、3 kPa (10 psi); and Duration, 24 hours. 7 Solar Radiation 7.1 Measures The outer plastic sheath of copper-conductor or optical-fiber cable shall meet or exceed solar radiation resistance properties exhibited by those specified for polyethylene in the outer protective sheath. The polyethylene or mate
46、rials used shall be in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 7.2.1 of ICEA S-84-608 and shall meet the material requirements for absorption coefficient and oxidative stability of paragraph 7.2.3 of ICEA S-84-608. 8 Operational Temperature for Optical Fiber Cables 8.1 Introduction To maintain
47、 the optical characteristics and mechanical reliability of the optical-fibers over time, the cable should be designed with all known failure mechanisms in mind. The following measures address optical-fiber cable installations. 8.2 Measures The optical-fiber shall meet the following requirements: The
48、 optical-fiber shall be proof-tested during production for the entire length of the fiber to be used in the cable to a minimum stress of 0.35 GPa (50 kpsi) in accordance with EIA/TIA455-31 C; and The tensile strength of an un-aged fiber sample shall not be less than 3.5 GPa (500 kpsi) when tested in
49、 accordance EIA/TIA-455-28C. Also, the cable structure should be designed to maintain cabled fibers in a state of near-zero tensile loading after installation by conforming to the following requirement: Optical fibers shall not exhibit a fiber stress greater than two-thirds of the fiber proof stress when the cable is subjected to the rated tensile installation load. The residual fiber strain shall not be greater than 0.05 percent when the load is removed. The cable shall be tested in accordance with EIA 455-33A and fiber strain measuremen
