1、Specification forCarbon SteelElectrodes forShielded MetalArcWeldingAWS A5.1/A5.1M:2012An American National StandardAWS A5.1/A5.1M:2012An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteApril 10, 2012Specification for Carbon SteelElectrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
2、14th EditionSupersedes AWS A5.1/A5.1M:2004Prepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied MaterialsUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis specification establishes the requirements for class
3、ification of carbon steel electrodes for shielded metal arc weld-ing. The requirements include mechanical properties of weld metal, weld metal soundness, and usability of electrode.Requirements for composition of the weld metal, moisture content of low-hydrogen electrode coverings, standard sizesand
4、 lengths, marking, manufacturing, and packaging are also included. A guide to the use of the standard is included inan annex.Optional supplemental requirements include improved toughness and ductility, lower moisture contents, and diffusiblehydrogen limits.This specification makes use of both U.S. C
5、ustomary Units and the International System of Units (SI). Since these arenot equivalent, each system must be used independently of the other.iiAWS A5.1/A5.1M:2012International Standard Book Number: 978-0-87171-810-5American Welding Society8669 Doral Blvd., Doral, FL 33166 2012 by American Welding S
6、ocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyform, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright
7、owner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, oreducational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropriatefee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222
8、Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet:.iiiAWS A5.1/A5.1M:2012Statement on the Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary cons
9、ensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other
10、 govern-mental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWSstandards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part ofthose laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards ca
11、rry the full legal authority of the contract or other documentthat invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirementsof an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed th
12、rough a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers theprocess and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evalu-ate, or
13、verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whetherspecial, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting
14、from the publication, use of, or relianceon this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any informationpublished herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for oron behalf
15、of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneelse. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable ca
16、re in any given circumstances. It isassumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent personnel.This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amendmentsor errata, or supplemente
17、d by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includingamendments, errata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they have thelatest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize
18、 infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard acceptany and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement ofany patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or
19、 enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American W
20、elding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 8669 Doral Blvd., Doral, FL 33166 (see Annex B). Withregard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. Theseopinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of th
21、is standard, and they do not constitute professional advice.Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do notspeak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS.In
22、 addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials. It mustbe reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaff
23、irmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations,additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should beaddressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS A5 Committee on FillerMetals and Allied Mat
24、erials and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committees response to thecomments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials toexpress their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all suc
25、h comments are providedin the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the AmericanWelding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Doral, FL 33166.This page is intentionally blank.ivAWS A5.1/A5.1M:2012vAWS A5.1/A5.1M:2012PersonnelAWS A5 Committee on Fil
26、ler Metals and Allied MaterialsH. D. Wehr, Chair Arcos Industries, LLCJ. J. DeLoach, Jr., 1st Vice Chair Naval Surface Warfare CenterR. D. Fuchs, 2nd Vice Chair Bhler Welding Group USA, IncorporatedR. K. Gupta, Secretary American Welding SocietyT. Anderson Miller Electric Manufacturing CompanyJ. M.
27、Blackburn Naval Sea Systems CommandJ. C. Bundy Hobart Brothers CompanyD. D. Crockett ConsultantR. V. Decker WeldstarD. A. DelSignore ConsultantJ. DeVito ESAB Welding and Cutting ProductsH. W. Ebert ConsultantD. M. Fedor The Lincoln Electric CompanyJ. G. Feldstein Foster Wheeler North AmericaS. E. Fe
28、rree ESAB Welding and Cutting ProductsD. A. Fink The Lincoln Electric CompanyG. L. Franke Naval Surface Warfare CenterR. M. Henson J. W. Harris Company, IncorporatedS. D. Kiser Special MetalsP. J. Konkol Concurrent Technologies CorporationD. J. Kotecki Damian Kotecki Welding ConsultantsL. G. Kvidahl
29、 Ingalls ShipbuildingA. Y. Lau Canadian Welding BureauJ. S. Lee ChevronT. Melfi The Lincoln Electric CompanyR. Menon Stoody CompanyK. M. Merlo EWIM. T. Merlo RevWires LLCB. Mosier Polymet CorporationA. K. Mukherjee Siemens Energy, IncorporatedT. C. Myers Oceaneering Intervention EngineeringC. L. Nul
30、l ConsultantB. A. Pletcher CB therefore, each system must be used independently of the other withoutcombining in any way when referring to material properties. The specification with the designation A5.1 uses U.S.Customary Units. The specification A5.1M uses SI Units. The latter are shown within bra
31、ckets ( ) or in appropriatecolumns in tables and figures. Standard dimensions based on either system may be used for sizing of filler metal orpackaging or both under A5.1 or A5.1M specifications.Part AGeneral Requirements2. Normative ReferencesThe following standards contain provisions which, throug
32、h reference in this text, constitute provisions of this AWS stan-dard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Howeverparties to agreement based on this AWS standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the mostrec
33、ent editions of the documents shown below. For undated references, the latest edition of the standard referenced applies.The following documents are referenced in the mandatory sections of this document:(1) ASTM E29, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformanc
34、e withSpecifications2(2) ASTM E350, Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon ElectricalSteel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron(3) ASTM E1032, Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Weldments1ANSI Z49.1 is published by the American Welding Societ
35、y, 8669 Doral Blvd., Doral, FL 33166.2ASTM standards are published by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodesfor Shielded Metal Arc WeldingAWS A5.1/A5.1M:20122(4) AWS A1.1, Metric Practice Guide for the Welding Industry3(5
36、) AWS A4.3, Standard Methods for Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content of Martensitic, Bainitic, andFerritic Steel Weld Metal Produced by Arc Welding(6) AWS A4.4M, Standard Procedure for Determination of Moisture Content of Welding Fluxes and Welding ElectrodeFlux Coverings(7) AWS A5.01M/
37、A5.01 (ISO 14344 MOD), Procurement Guidelines for ConsumablesWelding and Allied Pro-cessesFlux and Gas Shielded Electrical Welding Processes(8) AWS B4.0 or B4.0M, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds(9) ANSI Z49.1 Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes(10) ISO 544, Welding cons
38、umables Technical delivery conditions for welding filler materials Type of product,dimensions, tolerances and markings.43. Classification3.1 The welding electrodes covered by the A5.1 specification utilize a system based on U.S. Customary Units to classifythe welding electrodes covered according to:
39、(1) Type of current (see Table 1)(2) Type of covering (see Table 1)(3) Welding position (see Table 1)(4) Mechanical properties of the weld metal in the as-welded or aged condition (see Tables 2 and 3).3.1M The welding electrodes covered by the A5.1M specification utilize a system based on Internatio
40、nal System ofUnits to classify the welding electrodes covered according to:(1) Type of current (see Table1)(2) Type of covering (see Table 1)(3) Welding position (see Table 1)(4) Mechanical properties of the weld metal in the as-welded or aged condition (see Tables 2 and 3).3.2 Material classified u
41、nder one classification shall not be classified under any other classification in one specification,although it may be classified under both specifications, except that E7018M E4918M may also be classified as E7018E4918 provided the electrode meets all of the requirements of both classifications.4.
42、AcceptanceAcceptance of the welding electrodes shall be in accordance with the provisions of AWS A5.01M/A5.01 (ISO 14344MOD).5. CertificationBy affixing the AWS specification and classification designations to the packaging, or the classification to the product,the manufacturer certifies that the pr
43、oduct meets the requirements of this specification.53AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 8669 Doral Blvd., Doral, FL 33166.4ISO standards are published by the American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.5See Clause A4 for further infor
44、mation concerning certification and the testing called for to meet this requirement.3AWS A5.1/A5.1M:20126. Rounding-Off ProcedureFor purposes of determining compliance with the requirements of this standard, the actual test values obtained shall besubjected to the rounding-off rules of ASTM E29 or I
45、SO 80000-1, Annex B, Rule A (the results are the same). If the mea-sured values are obtained by equipment calibrated in units other than those of the specified limit, the measured valuesshall be converted to the units of the specified limit before rounding off. If an average value is to be compared
46、to thespecified limit, rounding off shall be done only after calculating the average. An observed or calculated value shall berounded to the nearest 1000 psi (1 ksi) for tensile and yield strength for A5.1, or to the nearest 10 MPa for tensile andyield strength for A5.1M, and to the nearest unit in
47、the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limitingvalues for other quantities. The rounded-off results shall fulfill the requirements for the classification under test.Table 1Electrode ClassificationAWS ClassificationType of Covering Welding PositionaType of CurrentbA5.1 A5.1ME6010
48、E6011E6012E6013E4310E4311E4312E4313High cellulose sodiumHigh cellulose potassiumHigh titania sodiumHigh titania potassiumF, V, OH, HF, V, OH, HF, V, OH, HF, V, OH, Hdcepac or dcepac or dcenac, dcep, or dcenE6018cE4318cLow-hydrogen potassium, iron powder F, V, OH, H ac or dcepE6019 E4319 Iron oxide t
49、itania potassium F, V, OH, H ac, dcep, or dcenE6020 E4320 High iron oxide H-filletFac or dcenac, dcep, or dcenE6022dE4322dHigh iron oxide F, H-fillet ac or dcenE6027 E4327 High iron oxide, iron powder H-filletFac or dcenac, dcep, or dcenE7014 E4914 Iron powder, titania F, V, OH, H ac, dcep, or dcenE7015 E4915 Low-hydrogen sodium F, V, OH, H dcepE7016cE4916cLow-hydrogen potassium F, V, OH, H ac or dcepE7018cE4918cLow-hydrogen potassium, iron powder F, V, OH, H ac or dcepE7018M E4918M Low-hydrogen iron powder F, V, OH, H dcepE7024cE4924cIron power, titania H-fillet, F ac, dcep, or
