1、 AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteJanuary 9, 2017Structural Welding Code Stainless Steel3rd EditionSupersedes AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2007Prepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) D1 Committee on Structural WeldingUnder the Direction of t
2、heAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis code covers the requirements for welding stainless steel structural assemblies.AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017iiISBN: 978-0-87171-906-5 2017 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of America
3、Photocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal,
4、 or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, or educational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropri-ate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Int
5、ernet: .AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017iiiStatement on the Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance wi
6、th the rules of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen-tal bodies, their provisions carry the full
7、legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other
8、 document that invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process tha
9、t brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the proc-ess and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the sou
10、ndness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on thi
11、s standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information pub-lished herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertak
12、ing to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It is assum
13、ed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent personnel.This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amend-ments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Informatio
14、n on the latest editions of AWS standards includ-ing amendments, errata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they have the latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade
15、 name. Users of this standard accept any and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement of any patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this stan
16、dard, nor does it have the power to do so.Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society, Attention: Managi
17、ng Director, Standards Development, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (see Annex K). With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not con
18、stitute professional advice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addi-tion, oral opinions are
19、 informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017ivThis page is intentionally blank.AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017vPersonnelAWS D1 Committee on Structural WeldingA. W. Sindel, Chair CALTROP CorporationT. L. Niemann, 1st Vice Chair Minnesota Department of Transp
20、ortationR. D. Medlock, 2nd Vice Chair High Steel Structures, IncorporatedJ. A. Molin, Secretary American Welding SocietyF. G. Armao The Lincoln Electric CompanyU. W. Aschemeier Subsea Global SolutionsE. L. Bickford Acute Technological ServicesT. W. Burns AirgasH. H. Campbell III Pazuzu EngineeringR.
21、 D. Campbell BechtelR. B. Corbit CB the first edition was published in 1999. This code is the product of a pool of experts arriving at a consensus position, in keeping with the American National Standard Institutes requirements.This code covers the requirements for welding stainless steel components
22、 other than pressure vessels or pressure piping. For many years, fabrications involving structural stainless steel welding used AWS D1.1/D1.1M, Structural Welding CodeSteel, to provide the requirements for quality construction. However, as the AWS D1.1 document is written for the carbon and low-allo
23、y steels commonly encountered in structural fabrication, it does not explicitly address the unique requirements of stainless steels. The AWS Structural Welding Committee thus recognized the industry need for an AWS D1.1 analogue designed for the welding of stainless steel wrought and cast shapes and
24、 plates.Changes in Code Requirements. Underlined text in the clauses, subclauses, tables, figures, or forms indicates a change from the 2007 edition. A vertical line in the margin of a table or figure also indicates a change from the 2007 edition.The following is a list of the most significant revis
25、ions in the 2017 edition:Summary of ChangesClause/Table/Figure/Annex ModificationClause 1 Restructured to identify a summary of the code clauses, new safety and health information, and code limitations.Clause 2 This is a new clause listing normative references. It replaces subclause 1.9 and Annex G
26、from the previous edition.Clause 3 This is a new clause that provides terms and definitions specific to this standard. It replaces subclause 1.3 and Annex G from the previous edition.Clause 4 Clause 4 was presented as Clause 2 in the previous edition. Reorganized and updated to better parallel AWS D
27、1.1/D1.1M, Structural Welding CodeSteel, where appropriate, and now also references AISC/SCI Design Guide 27: Structural Stainless Steel.Clauses 5 and 7 Clause 5 was presented as Clause 3 in the previous edition. Clause 7 was presented as Clause 5 in the previous edition. Both clauses had many mispl
28、aced subclauses and requirements (some fabrication requirements were in the prequalification clause and vice versa); content has been placed in the appropriate clause. Flare-V and flare-bevel-groove welded prequalified joint details have been included to address a need for these and some interpretat
29、ions, and to parallel AWS D1.1/D1.1M, Structural Welding CodeSteel. These clauses are now restructured to follow the standard D1 code format and provide a more logical flow.Clause 6 Clause 6 was presented as Clause 4 in the previous edition. This clause has been rewritten and now allows qualificatio
30、n directly to AWS B2.1/B2.1M, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification, without approval from the Engineer, all while retaining D1.6 code qualification requirements if the Contractor decides to utlize these.Clause 8 Clause 8 was presented as Clause 6 in the previous edition.
31、 Revisions include placing all visual Inspector and NDE personnel qualification requirements together for ease of use. Visual inspec-tion acceptance criteria were removed from the text and placed in a new Table 8.1, similar to AWS D1.1/D1.1M, Structural Welding CodeSteel. Several errata items were i
32、ncorporated and new commentary words were inserted that were taken directly from D1.1.(Continued)AWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017viiiAnnex E from the previous edition was deleted as most of its content was moved to Clause 8. Some content from Annexes H and O of the previous edition was moved into Clause 8.Clause
33、 9 Clause 9 was presented as Clause 7 in the previous edition. Revised to identify numerous improve-ments already addressed by AWS D1.1/D1.1M, Structural Welding CodeSteel and AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5, Bridge Welding Code. The manufacturers stud base qualification testing in Annex D from the previous e
34、dition was moved into Clause 9, similar to D1.1.Annexes A and B Revised to parallel AWS D1.1/D1.1M, Structural Welding CodeSteel, and to correct terms of fillet weld size to align with the correct usage in AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Terms and Definitions, and A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazin
35、g, and Nondestructive Examination.Annex E This is a new annex listing informative references.Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary, AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding, American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, #130, Doral,
36、FL 33166.Summary of Changes (Continued)Clause/Table/Figure/Annex ModificationAWS D1.6/D1.6M:2017ixTable of ContentsPage No.Personnel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vForeword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viiList of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、.xiiiList of Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv1. General Requirements. . . . . . . .
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Units of Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
43、.4 Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.5 Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.6 Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.7 Welding Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42. Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53. Terms and Definitions. . . . . .
47、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74. Design of Welded Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Part AGeneral Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.1 Contract Plans and Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.2 Eccentricity of Connections. .
