1、 AWWA Management Standard SM Reclaimed Water Program Operation and Management Effective date: May 1, 2014. This first edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors Jan. 19, 2014. Approved by American National Standards Institute Jan. 23, 2014. ANSI/AWWA G481-14 (First Edition) Copyright 2014 American
2、Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. ii AWWA Management Standard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) management standard. It is not a specification. AWWA management standards describe consensus requirements for utility management practices. The use of AWWA man- ageme
3、nt standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or codes of any governmental authority. AWWA management standards are intended to represent a consensus of the water industry of requirements and practices that ut
4、ilities should strive to achieve. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed in the Official Notice section of Journal - American Water Works Association. The action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal - Americ
5、an Water Works Association publication of the official notice. American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and
6、the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has ap - proved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American Nationa
7、l Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encour - aged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the go
8、ods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards. Caution n oti Ce : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withd
9、rawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of ANSI approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American Nationa
10、l Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036; (212) 642-4900, or emailing infoansi.org. ISBN, print: 978-1-62576-008-1 eISBN, electronic: 978-1-61300-273-5 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, e
11、lectronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission of the publisher. Copyright 2014 by American Water Works Association Printed in USA hours of work by
12、 your fellow water professionals. Revenue from the sales of this AWWA material supports ongoing product development. Unauthorized distribution, either electronic or photocopied, is illegal and hinders AWWAs mission to support the water community. This AWWA content is the product of thousands of Copy
13、right 2014 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. iii Committee Personnel The AWWA Standards Committee on Reclaimed Water, which reviewed and approved this stan- dard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: Ane Deister, Chair General Interest Members D.K. Ammerman, AECO
14、M, Orlando, Fla. (AWWA) J. Beatty,* KPMG, Sachse, Texas (AWWA) T.W. Bell-Games, Burgess and Niple, Columbus, Ohio (WEF) (AWWA) F. Bloetscher, Florida Atlantic University, Hollywood, Fla. (AWWA) J.A. Cathcart, HDR Engineering, Irvine, Calif. (AWWA) J. Crook, Norwell, Mass. (WEF) (AWWA) A.D. Deister,
15、Parsons, Sacramento, Calif. (AWWA) D.M. Flancher, AWWA Staff Engineer, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) N.A. Fontaine, Carollo Engineers, Sacramento, Calif. (AWWA) J. Gemin, Standards Council Liaison, AECOM, Kitchener, Ont. (AWWA) J. Jackson, Brown and Caldwell, Altamonte Springs, Fla. (AWWA) C. Mysore, Buford,
16、 Ga. (AWWA) J.A. Oppenheimer, MWH, Arcadia, Calif. (AWWA) A. Rimer, Black and Veatch, Cary, N.C. (AWWA) J. Rysavy, Burns however for states where they have not been delegated primacy for permitting, USEPA remains the authority having jurisdiction. II.C. Indirect and Direct Potable Reuse. This standa
17、rd does not address direct potable reuse applications. AWWA recognizes that reclaiming wastewater effluent for indirect potable uses such as replenishing drinking water sources, maintaining aquifer levels, increasing stream flow or other purposes may be a viable option, assuming there is an appropri
18、ate level of treatment and safeguards to protect public health. III. Use of This Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA standard to determine that the products and provisions described in that standard are suitable for and compatible with the users intended application being consi
19、dered. III.A. General. The user should consider the following when developing a reclaimed water program: 1. Thro ughout the industry the terms reclaimed water, recycled water, and water reuse are used, in some instances reflecting a geographic preference, in other cases due to regulatory definition
20、and requirements, and still other cases related to end use. The terms are often used interchangeably, but the user should be cautioned that there are specific instances when one term is more appropriate than the other. 2. The type and location of nonpotable demands that may be served by reclaimed wa
21、ter and the ability to economically meet the anticipated demands. 3. The quantity and quality of reclaimed water available for the development of a nonpotable water distribution system. Copyright 2014 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. x 4. The water conservation and environmenta
22、l benefits achieved with the devel - opment of a dual distribution system. 5. Ability to create and maintain a reclaimed water system within existing state regulations to create an integrated water supply system. 6. Knowledge base related to reclaimed water within the purveyors service area and will
23、ingness to develop appropriate public education programs to integrate reclaimed water into a local water supply system. 7. Regulatory authority to operate and manage a reclaimed water system with legal rights to the reclaimed water source. 8. Backflow and cross-connection control program regulatory
24、entities are not often well-defined and the user is cautioned to be aware of which regulations pertain to their jurisdiction and whether there are conflicts between entities that may directly affect developing a reclaimed water program. 9. Financial capability to initiate new system development and
25、willingness to adjust existing rate structure to equitably distribute cost of service to existing and future purveyor customers. 10. Management structure envisioned to treat, distribute, and bill for reclaimed/ recycled water service and ability to add or redistribute staff responsibilities for the
26、expanded utility system. 11. Staff capacity to develop new user agreements, utility and on-site design and retrofit requirements and standard details, system master planning, and capital program development and adjustment in utility rate structures. III.B. Modification to Standard. There is no appli
27、cable information for this section. I V. Major Revisions. This is the first edition; as such, there are no major revisions. V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard, please call AWWA Engineering and Technical Services at 303.794.7711, Fax 303.794.6303, write to the department at 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235, or email the department at standardsawwa.org. Copyright 2014 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.
