1、ANSI B11.9 2010 (R2015) American National Standard for Machines Safety Requirements for Grinding Machines Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer: B11 Standards, Inc. POB 690905 Houston, TX 77269 APPROVED: 17 NOVEMBER 2010 REAFFIRMED: 10 SEPTEMBER 2015 American National Standards Institute CO
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20、rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America B11 Standards, Inc. ii Table of Contents FOREWORD . v Introduction viii 1 Scope 1 1.1 Included machines 1 1.1.1 External cylindrical grinding machine . 1 1.1.2 Centerless external cylindrical grinding 1 1.1.3 Surface grinding machine periphera
21、l grinding, reciprocating table, (horizontal spindle) 2 1.1.4 Surface grinding machine peripheral grinding, rotary table (horizontal spindle; table has a vertical axis of rotation) . 2 1.1.5 Surface grinding machine face grinding, reciprocating table (vertical spindle) 3 1.1.6 Surface grinding machi
22、ne face grinding, rotary table (vertical spindle; table has a vertical axis of rotation) 3 1.1.7 Surface grinding face grinding, Double disc surface grinding machine (includes either horizontal or vertical spindle configurations) 3 1.1.8 Tool no deviation is permitted. The term “SHOULD” denotes a re
23、commendation, a practice or condition among several alternatives, or a preferred method or course of action. Similarly, the term “CAN” denotes a possibility or capability, whether physical or causal, and the term “MAY” denotes a permissible course of action within the limits of the standard. B11 con
24、ventions: Operating rules (safe practices) are not included in either column of this standard unless they are of such nature as to be vital safety requirements, equal in weight to other requirements, or guides to assist in conformance to the standard. The B11 series of standards do not use the term
25、“and/or” but instead, the term “OR” is used as an inclusive disjunction, meaning one or the other or both. A distinction between the terms “individual” and “personnel” is drawn. Individual includes personnel (employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other contract workers under the indirect contro
26、l of the supplier or user) but also encompasses persons who are not under the direct or indirect control of the supplier or user (e.g., visitors, vendors, etc.). Gauge refers to a measuring or testing instrument; gage refers to a limiting device (e.g., backgage). Suggestions for improvement of this
27、standard will be welcome. They should be sent to B11 Standards, Inc., POB 690905, Houston, TX 77269- Attention: B11 Secretariat. B11 Standards, Inc. viii Introduction The primary purpose of every machine tool is to process parts. This is accomplished by the machine imparting process energy onto the
28、workpiece. Inadvertent interference with, or accidental misdirection of the released energy during production, maintenance, commissioning and de-commissioning may result in injury. The primary purpose of the ANSI B11 series of machine tool safety standards is to devise and propose ways to minimize r
29、isks of the potential hazards. This can be accomplished either by an appropriate machine design or by restricting personnel or other individuals access to hazard zones, and by devising work procedures to minimize personnel exposure to hazardous situations. This is the essence of the ANSI B11 series
30、of safety standards. The responsibility for the alleviation of these risks is divided between the equipment supplier, the user and the users operating personnel, as follows (numbers in parentheses refer to the clause numbers in these “base” B11 standards which address that responsibility). The requi
31、rements of this ANSI standard are grouped according to those that apply to the supplier (i.e., manufacturer, rebuilder, modifier) and user. Some are shared between the supplier and user and are so indicated. Figure 1 provides an overview of this standard and in particular the responsibilities of and
32、 requirements for the supplier and user, including the user personnel. Numbers in parentheses denote the particular clause or subclause of the standard. Notes for Figure 1: 1) Scope Provides the boundaries or limits of the standard (i.e., what is/is not included). 2) Normative references Other stand
33、ards which in whole or in part provide additional requirements when referenced in the normative text (i.e., left-hand column of clauses 4 9) of this standard. 3) Definitions Terms used in this standard, together with their definitions (terms used in the same context as are generally understood and c
34、ommonly used in everyday English are not defined). 4) Responsibility The general responsibilities of the supplier (builder), user, and the user personnel are listed in clause 4 together with which of the remaining clauses they have primary responsibility. 5) Hazard control (task/hazard identificatio
35、n table has a vertical axis of rotation) A machine that grinds the plane surfaces of a workpiece whereby the workpiece is secured to a rotary table. The workpiece and the grinding wheel are mechanically guided. Figure 1.1.5 Surface Grinding - Peripheral American National Standard B11.92010 (R15) STA
36、NDARD REQUIREMENTS EXPLANATORY INFORMATION B11 Standards, Inc. 3 1.1.5 Surface grinding machine face grinding, reciprocating table (vertical spindle) A machine that grinds the plane surfaces of a workpiece whereby the workpiece is secured to a reciprocating table. The workpiece and the grinding whee
37、l are mechanically guided. Figure 1.1.6 Surface Grinding Face Linear 1.1.6 Surface grinding machine face grinding, rotary table (vertical spindle; table has a vertical axis of rotation) A machine that grinds the plane surfaces of a workpiece whereby the workpiece is secured to a rotary table. The wo
38、rkpiece and the grinding wheel are mechanically guided. Figure 1.1.7 Surface Grinding Face Rotary 1.1.7 Surface grinding face grinding, Double disc surface grinding machine (includes either horizontal or vertical spindle configurations) A machine that grinds the workpiece by passing it between two d
39、isc or cylinder wheels or segments. The workpiece and the grinding wheels are mechanically guided. Figure 1.1.8 Surface Grinding Dual Face 1.1.8 Tool General Requirements and Risk Assessment/Risk Reduction ANSI B11.19 2010, Performance Criteria for Safeguarding. ANSI / ASSE Z244.1 2003 (R2008), Cont
40、rol of hazardous energy Lockout/tagout and alternative methods ANSI / ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 2009. (Division 1, Section VIII) ANSI / IESNA-RP-7 2001, Industrial Lighting. NFPA 70 2008, The National Electrical Code NFPA 70E 2009, Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces.
41、1.2 Excluded machines E1.2 This standard does not apply to portable hand-held grinding machines, machines using loose abrasives, machines used in wood-working applications, or machines used for concrete cutting in road construction. Also, this standard does not apply to honing machines, lapping mach
42、ines, polishing machines or belt grinding machines. Machines that use free abrasives or reciprocating motion and or very low speed are excluded from this standard because they typically use lighter force than with grinding machines, and the mechanism at the point of operation significantly differs f
43、rom that of abrasive products used on grinding machines. American National Standard B11.92010 (R15) STANDARD REQUIREMENTS EXPLANATORY INFORMATION B11 Standards, Inc. 7 NFPA 79-2007, Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery. ANSI / ASSE Z87.1-2003 Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Fac
44、e Protection Devices ANSI / AIHA Z9.6-2008, Exhaust systems for grinding, buffing and polishing. 2.2 Informative references E2.2 The documents in E2.2 are not normative references, but may be helpful in conforming to the requirements of this standard. 29 CFR 1910.147, Control of hazardous energy (lo
45、ckout/tagout) (For more information, go to www.osha.gov) 29 CFR 1910.333(b), Selection and Use of Electrical Work Practices (For more information, go to www.osha.gov) 29 CFR 1910.215, Abrasive Wheel Machinery 29 CFR 1910.94(b), Ventilation: Grinding, Polishing and Buffing Operations EN 13218-2002 Ma
46、chine Tools Safety Stationary Grinding Machines ANSI / ASME B5.8-2001 (R2006), Chucks and Chuck Jaws ANSI / ASME B5.9-1967 (R2009), Spindle Noses for Tool Room Lathes, Engine Lathes, Turret Lathes, and Automatic Lathes ANSI / ASME B20.12009, Safety Standard for Conveyors and Related Equipment ANSI B
47、11.TR12004, Ergonomic Guidelines for the Design, Installation and Use of Machine Tools. ANSI B11.TR2 1997, Mist Control Considerations for the Design, Installation And Use of Machine Tools Using Metalworking Fluids ANSI B11.TR3 2000, Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction A guide to estimate, evaluate a
48、nd reduce risks associated with machine tools. ANSI B11.TR42004, Selection of Programmable Electronic Systems (PES/PLC) for Machine Tools ANSI Z535.12006, Safety Colors ANSI Z535.22007, Environmental and Facility American National Standard B11.92010 (R15) STANDARD REQUIREMENTS EXPLANATORY INFORMATIO
49、N B11 Standards, Inc. 8 Safety Signs ANSI Z535.32007, Criteria for Safety Symbols ANSI Z535.42007, Product Safety Signs and Labels ANSI Z535.52007, Accident Prevention Tags and Labels ANSI Z535.6 2006, Product Safety Information on Product Manuals, Instructions, etc. ANSI EIA-267-C-1990, Axis and Motion Nomenclature for Numerically Controlled Machines. ACGIH Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice for Design, 27th Ed. 2010 3 Definitions In addition to the definitions in AN
