1、 ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 Revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007 For the Development of an Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices) Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Roa
2、d, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440 An American National Standard Approved August 29, 2016 ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 ESD Association Standard for the Development of an Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiat
3、ed Explosive Devices) Approved March 25, 2016 EOS/ESD Association, Inc. ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 ii Electrostatic Discharge Association (ESDA) standards and publications are designed to serve the public interest by eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating the inte
4、rchangeability and improvement of products and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining the proper product for his particular needs. The existence of such standards and publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of the Association from manufacturing or selling
5、products not conforming to such standards and publications. Nor shall the fact that a standard or publication is published by the Association preclude its voluntary use by non-members of the Association, whether the document is to be used either domestically or internationally. Recommended standards
6、 and publications are adopted by the ESDA in accordance with the ANSI Patent policy. Interpretation of ESDA Standards: The interpretation of standards in-so-far as it may relate to a specific product or manufacturer is a proper matter for the individual company concerned and cannot be undertaken by
7、any person acting for the ESDA. The ESDA Standards Chairman may make comments limited to an explanation or clarification of the technical language or provisions in a standard, but not related to its application to specific products and manufacturers. No other person is authorized to comment on behal
8、f of the ESDA on any ESDA Standard. THE CONTENTS OF ESDAS STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS,” AND ESDA MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT TO SUCH CONTENTS. ESDA DISCLAIMS ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATIO
9、N, WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. ESDA STANDARDS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE CONSIDERED TECHNICALLY SOUND AT THE TIME THEY ARE APPROVED FOR PUBLICATION. THEY ARE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR A PRODUCT SELLERS OR USERS OWN JUDGEMENT WITH RESPECT T
10、O ANY PARTICULAR PRODUCT DISCUSSED, AND ESDA DOES NOT UNDERTAKE TO GUARANTEE THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY INDIVIDUAL MANUFACTURERS PRODUCTS BY VIRTUE OF SUCH STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS. THUS, ESDA EXPRESSLY DISLAIMS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE, APPLICATION, OR RELIANCE BY OTHERS ON
11、THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THESE STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS. NEITHER ESDA, NOR ITS MEMBERS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR OTHER REPRESENTATIVES WILL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE USE OR MISUSE OF ESDA STANDARDS OR PUBLICATIONS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
12、 THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THAT APPLIES TO ALL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOSS OF DATA, INCOME OR PROFIT, LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY AND CLAIMS OF THIRD PARTIES. Published by: Electrostatic Discharge Association 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3 Rome, NY 13440
13、 Copyright 2016 by ESD Association All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-58537-263-3CAUTION NOTICE DISCLAIME
14、R OF WARRANTIES DISCLAIMER OF GUARANTY LIMITATION ON ESDAs LIABILITY ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 i (This foreword is not part of ESD Association Standard ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014) FOREWORD This standard covers the requirements necessary to design, establish, implement and maintain an Electrostatic Discharge (E
15、SD) Control Program for activities that manufacture, process, assemble, install, package, label, service, test, inspect or otherwise handle electrical or electronic parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharges greater than or equal to 100 volts Human Body Model (
16、HBM) and 200 volts Charged Device Model (CDM). The CDM voltage level as used in this document is based on managing process essential insulators to mitigate field induced voltages on devices that could lead to damage. This standard also defines the requirements for isolated conductors. The reference
17、to Machine Model (MM) is retained in this standard for the historical association to the MM robustness of devices to isolated conductors. The ESD robustness of devices is fully characterized by HBM and CDM. The CDM model describes the metal-to-metal contact that was formerly associated with MM. Ther
18、efore, MM testing is no longer required for qualification of devices and test data may not be available. This document covers the ESD Control Program requirements for setting up a program to handle ESD sensitive (ESDS) items based on the historical experience of both military and commercial organiza
19、tions. References include ESD Association, U.S. Military and ANSI approved standards for material properties and test methods. The fundamental ESD control principles that form the basis of this document are: A. All conductors in the environment, including personnel, shall be bonded or electrically c
20、onnected and attached to a known ground or contrived ground (as on shipboard or on aircraft). This attachment creates an equipotential balance between all items and personnel. Electrostatic protection can be maintained at a potential above a “zero” voltage ground potential as long as all items in th
21、e system are at the same potential. B. Necessary non-conductors (i.e. process-required insulators) in the environment cannot lose their electrostatic charge by attachment to ground. Ionization systems provide neutralization of charge on these necessary non-conductive items (circuit board materials a
22、nd some device packages are examples of necessary non-conductors). Assessment of the ESD hazard created by electrostatic charge on the necessary non-conductors in the work place is required to ensure that appropriate actions are implemented, commensurate with risk to ESDS items. C. Transportation of
23、 ESDS items outside an ESD Protected Area (hereafter referred to as “EPA”) requires enclosure in static protective materials, although the type of material depends on the situation and destination. Inside an EPA, low charging and static dissipative materials may provide adequate protection. Outside
24、an EPA, low charging and static discharge shielding materials are recommended. While these materials are not discussed in the document, it is important to recognize the differences in their application. For more clarification see ANSI/ESD S541. Any relative motion and physical separation of material
25、s or flow of solids, liquids or particle-laden gases can generate electrostatic charge. Common sources of ESD include personnel, items made from common polymeric materials, and processing equipment. ESD damage can occur in a number of ways, including: i. A charged object (including a person) coming
26、into contact with an ESDS item. ii. A charged ESDS device making contact with ground or another conductive object at a different potential. iii. An ESDS device is grounded while exposed to an electrostatic field. Examples of ESDS items are microcircuits, discrete semiconductors, thick and thin film
27、resistors, hybrid devices, printed circuit boards and piezoelectric crystals. It is possible to determine device and item susceptibility by exposing the device to simulated ESD events. The level of sensitivity, determined by testing using simulated ESD events, may not necessarily relate to the level
28、 of sensitivity in a real life situation. However, the levels of sensitivity are used to establish a baseline of susceptibility data for comparison of devices with equivalent part numbers from different ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 ii manufacturers. Two different models are used for characterization of elec
29、tronic components: HBM and CDM. Compliance to this standard can be demonstrated through third party certification. The certification process is similar to any quality management system certification such as ISO 9001. Information on the certification process can be obtained by contacting an ESD Assoc
30、iation approved Certification Body. For a list of ESD Association approved Certification Bodies, see www.esda.org. This standard(1) was originally designated ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 and was approved on August 4, 1999. ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007 was a revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 and was approved on Febru
31、ary 11, 2007. ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 is a revision of ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007 and was approved on March 25, 2016. At the time the ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 was prepared, the 20.20 ESD Control Program Subcommittee had the following members: John T. Kinnear, Jr., Chair IBM Brent Beamer 3M Steve Gerken USAF Ron
32、Gibson Advanced Static Control Consulting Gene Monroe NASA LARC Dale Parkin Seagate Technology David E. Swenson, TAS Rep Affinity Static Control Consulting, LLC Sam Theabo Plexus Craig Zander Transforming Technologies The following individuals made significant contributions to ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014:
33、Kevin Duncan Seagate Technology Tim Jarrett Boston Scientific Carl Newberg MicroStat Laboratories Brian Retzlaff Plexus Reinhold Gaertner Infineon Technologies Scott Ward Texas Instruments At the time the ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007 was prepared, the S20.20 Writing Team had the following members: Ron Gibso
34、n Celestica Steve Gerken USAF John T. Kinnear, Jr. IBM The following individuals made significant contributions to ANSI/ESD S20.20-2007: Jeremy Smallwood Electrostatic Solutions Ltd. Reinhold Gaertner Infineon Technologies 1 ESD Association Standard (S): A precise statement of a set of requirements
35、to be satisfied by a material, product, system or process that also specifies the procedures for determining whether each of the requirements is satisfied. ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 iii At the time the ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 was prepared, the 20.20 Mil-Std 1686 Conversion Committee had the following member
36、s: Steve Gerken, Co-Chairman USAF Dave Leeson, Co-Chairman Motorola SSTG Ron Gibson Celestica Anthony Klinowski Boeing Garry McGuire NASA (Hernandez Engineering) Thomas Mohler Raytheon Systems Corporation David E. Swenson 3M The following individuals made significant contributions to ANSI/ESD S20.20
37、-1999: Donald E. Cross USN Robert Cummings NASA Ronald L. Johnson Intel John T. Kinnear Jr. IBM Ralph Myers ASC Robert Parr Consultant Jeffrey Scanlon ASC Joel Weidendorf Rivers Edge Technical Service Sheryl Zayic Boeing ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PURPOSE . 1 2.0 SCOPE 1 3.0 REFER
38、ENCED PUBLICATIONS 1 4.0 DEFINITIONS 2 5.0 PERSONNEL SAFETY . 2 6.0 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM . 2 6.1 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS 2 6.2 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM MANAGER OR COORDINATOR 2 6.3 TAILORING 2 7.0 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS. 2 7.1 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM PLAN 2 7.2 TRAINING PLAN
39、. 3 7.3 PRODUCT QUALIFICATION PLAN . 3 7.4 COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION PLAN 3 8.0 ESD CONTROL PROGRAM PLAN TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3 8.1 GROUNDING / EQUIPOTENTIAL BONDING SYSTEMS . 3 8.2 PERSONNEL GROUNDING 4 8.3 ESD PROTECTED AREAS (EPAS) 4 8.4 PACKAGING 7 8.5 MARKING 8 ANNEXES Annex A (Informative): Ad
40、ditional Process Considerations 9 Annex B (Informative): ESD Sensitivity Testing . 10 Annex C (Informative): Related Documents . 12 Annex D (Informative): ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 Revision History . 13 TABLES Table 1. Grounding / Equipotential Bonding Requirements . 4 Table 2. Personnel Grounding Requir
41、ement 4 Table 3. EPA ESD Control Items 6 Table 4. ESD Susceptibility Test References for Devices . 11 ESD Association Standard ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 1 ESD Association Standard for the Development of an Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assembli
42、es and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices) 1.0 PURPOSE The purpose of this standard is to provide administrative and technical requirements for establishing, implementing and maintaining an ESD Control Program (hereafter referred to as the “Program”). 2.0 SCOPE This docume
43、nt applies to activities that manufacture, process, assemble, install, package, label, service, test, inspect, transport or otherwise handle electrical or electronic parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharges greater than or equal to 100 volts HBM, 200 volts CD
44、M, and 35 volts on isolated conductors. Activities that handle items that are susceptible to lower withstand voltages may require additional control elements or adjusted limits. Processes designed to handle items that have an ESD sensitivity to lower withstand voltages can still claim compliance to
45、this standard. This document does not apply to electrically initiated explosive devices, flammable liquids or powders. NOTE: The CDM voltage level as used in this document is based on managing process essential insulators to mitigate induced voltages on devices that could lead to damage. NOTE: Isola
46、ted conductors were historically represented by MM. 3.0 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS Unless otherwise specified, the following documents of the latest issue, revision or amendment form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein: ESD ADV1.0, ESD Associations Glossary of Terms(2) ANSI/ESD S1.1,
47、 Wrist Straps(2) ANSI/ESD STM2.1, Garments(2) ANSI/ESD STM3.1, Ionization(2) ANSI/ESD SP3.3, Periodic Verification of Air Ionizers(2) ANSI/ESD S4.1, Worksurfaces Resistance Measurements(2) ANSI/ESD STM4.2, ESD Protective Worksurfaces Charge Dissipation Characteristics(2) ANSI/ESD S6.1, Grounding(2)
48、ANSI/ESD S7.1, Floor Materials Characterization of Materials(2) ANSI/ESD STM9.1, Footwear Resistive Characterization(2) ESD SP9.2, Footwear Foot Grounders Resistive Characterization(2) ANSI/ESD STM12.1, Seating Resistive Measurement(2) ANSI/ESD S13.1, Electrical Soldering/Desoldering Hand Tools(2) E
49、SD TR53, Compliance Verification of ESD Protective Equipment and Materials(2) ANSI/ESD STM97.1, Floor Materials and Footwear Resistance Measurement in Combination with a Person(2) ANSI/ESD STM97.2, Floor Materials and Footwear Voltage Measurement in Combination with a Person(2) ANSI/ESD S541, Packaging Materials for ESD Sensitive Items(2) 2 ESD Association, 7900 Turin Road, Bldg. 3, Ste. 2, Rome, NY 13440-2069, 315-339-6937 ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 2 4.0 DEFINITIONS The terms used in the body of this document are in accordance with the definitions found in ESD ADV1
