1、 ANSI E1.35 2013 Lens Quality Measurements for Pattern Projecting Luminaires Intended for Entertainment Use Photo/2006-5010r5 This document was approved as an American National Standard by the ANSI Board of Standards Review on 6 May 2013. This standard was originally published when the Entertainment
2、 Services and Technology Association was operating under the name of PLASA North America. ESTA has reverted to its original name, and this document has been rebranded with the current corporate name and logo. No changes have been made to the contents of the standard. 2017 ESTA. All rights reserved.
3、Notice and Disclaimer ESTA does not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, procedures, equipment or materials for compliance with codes, recommended practices or standards. Compliance with an ESTA standard or recommended practice, or an American National Standard developed by ESTA is the so
4、le and exclusive responsibility of the manufacturer or provider and is entirely within their control and discretion. Any markings, identification or other claims of compliance do not constitute certification or approval of any type or nature whatsoever by ESTA. ESTA neither guarantees nor warrants t
5、he accuracy or completeness of any information published herein and disclaim liability for any personal injury, property or other damage or injury of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or rel
6、iance on this document. In issuing and distributing this document, ESTA does not either (a) undertake to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, or (b) undertake any duty to any person or entity with respect to this document or its contents. Anyone using this
7、document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstance. i ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 Published by: Entertainment Services and Technology Association 63
8、0 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036-3748 USA Phone: 1-212-244-1505 Fax: 1-212-244-1502 standardsesta.org The ESTA Technical Standards Program The ESTA Technical Standards Program was created to serve the ESTA membership and the entertainment industry in technical standards related matters.
9、The goal of the Program is to take a leading role regarding technology within the entertainment industry by creating recommended practices and standards, monitoring standards issues around the world on behalf of our members, and improving communications and safety within the industry. ESTA works clo
10、sely with the technical standards efforts of other organizations within our industry including USITT, PLASA, and VPLT as well as representing the interests of ESTA members to ANSI, UL, and the NFPA. ESTAs Technical Standards Program is accredited by the American National Standards. The Technical Sta
11、ndards Council (TSC) was established by ESTAs Board of Directors to oversee and coordinate the Technical Standards Program. Made up of individuals experienced in standards-making work from throughout our industry, the Committee approves all projects undertaken and assigns them to the appropriate wor
12、king group. The Technical Standards Committee employs a Technical Standards Manager to coordinate the work of the Committee and its working groups as well as maintain a standards watch on behalf of members. Working groups include: Control Protocols, Electrical Power, Event Safety, Floors, Fog and Sm
13、oke, Followspot Position, Photometrics, Rigging, and Stage Lifts ESTA encourages active participation in the Technical Standards Program. There are several ways to become involved. If you would like to become a member of an existing working group, as have over two hundred people, you must complete a
14、n application which is available from the ESTA office. Your application is subject to approval by the working group and you will be required to actively participate in the work of the group. This includes responding to letter ballots and attending meetings. Membership in ESTA is not a requirement. Y
15、ou can also become involved by requesting that the TSC develop a standard or a recommended practice in an area of concern to you. The Photometrics Working Group, which authored this standard, consists of a cross section of entertainment industry professionals representing a diversity of interests. E
16、STA is committed to developing consensus-based standards and recommended practices in an open setting. Future Photometrics Working Group projects will include updating this publication as changes in technology and experience warrant, as well as developing new standards and recommended practices for
17、the benefit of the entertainment industry. ii ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 Contact Information Technical Standards Manager Karl G. Ruling ESTA 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA 1-212-244-1505 karl.rulingesta.org Assistant Technical Standards Manager Erin Grabe ESTA 630 Ninth Av
18、enue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA 1-212-244-1505 erin.grabeesta.org Technical Standards Council Chairpersons Mike Garl Mike Garl Consulting LLC 1-865-389-4371 Mike Wood Mike Wood Consulting LLC 1-512-288-4916 Photometrics Working Group Chairperson Jerry Gorrell Theatre Safety Programs P. O. B
19、ox 17734 Fountain Hills, AZ 85269 USA Phone: 1-480-837-9401 iii ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 Acknowledgments The Photometrics Working Group was the consensus body for the development of this standard. The working groups membership at the time the working group approved this standard on 22 Febr
20、uary 2013 is listed below. Voting members: Ron Bonner; PLASA EU; G Kimberly Corbett; Schuler Shook; DE Ryan Fletcher; Arnold MP Jerry Gorrell; Theatre Safety Programs; U Jefferey Knox; Schuler Shook; DE Michael Lay; Royal Philips Electronics ; MP Mark Ravenhill; GLP German Light Products GmbH; MP Ka
21、rl G. Ruling; Unit 12 Productions; DE Markus Salm; GLP German Light Products GmbH; MP Ken Vannice; Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.; MP Mike Wood; Mike Wood Consulting LLC; G Observer members: Robert Barbagallo; Solotech Inc.; DR Mos Benaglia; Clay Paky S.P.A.; MP David Bertenshaw; G Lee J. Bloch; Bl
22、och Design Group, Inc.; U Andr Broucke; G Jeremy Day; Philips Color Kinetics (Royal Philips Electronics); MP Bill Ellis; Candela Controls, Inc.; U Gregg Esakoff; Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc.; MP Joseph M. Good III; Spectrum Professional Services; G Charles H. Green; Charles H. Green; U Tim Hans
23、en; Oasis Stage Werks; U Mitch Hefter; G A C Hickox; Domingo Gonzalez Associates; U Ed Hyatt; Boston Illumination Group; CP Francois Juliat; Robert Juliat; MP Hiroshi Kita; Marumo Electric Co., Ltd.; MP Bill Klages; New Klages Inc.; U Larry Lieberman; Vision Quest Lighting; CP Rick Loudenburg; Barbi
24、zon Companies; DR Doug MacDonald; Designlab Chicago Inc.; DR Jim McHugh; Humboldt State University; U John T. Ryan; Altman Stage Lighting; MP Ron Rykowski; Radiant Imaging, Inc.; G Dennis Thykjr Jrgensen; Martin Professional A/S; MP Robert Timmerman; Philips Color Kinetics (Royal Philips Electronics
25、); MP Garrett Young; Prism Projection, Inc.; MP CP Custom-market Producer DE DEsigner DR Dealer or Rental company MP Mass-market Producer G General interesst U User iv ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 Table of Contents Notice and Disclaimer i Contact Information . iii Acknowledgments . iv Table of
26、Contents . v 1.0 Scope. 1 2.0 Definitions 1 3.0 Requirements 1 3.1 Organization responsible for the product . 1 3.2 Catalog number, model number, or name of luminaire and lens. 2 3.3 Lamp used for gathering photometric data 2 3.4 Photometric procedure . 2 3.5 Marking of conformance with this standar
27、d . 2 4.0 Test Methods . 2 4.1 Test equipment 2 4.2 Test procedure . 3 Appendix A 7 v ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 1.0 Scope This standard is intended to be used for the measurement and presentation of data reporting the contrast, perceived image quality (sharpness), and distortion of lenses us
28、ed in pattern projecting luminaires for the entertainment and performance industries. This standard defines a methodology for measuring and a format for presenting this data to be presented on documents purporting to accurately describe the performance of these lenses. It does not prohibit the prese
29、ntation of information in addition to that required by this standard. 2.0 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms shall be defined as: 2.1 focusing range: The range of throw distances in which a hard focus can be projected by the luminaire. 2.2 far-field luminaire: A lumin
30、aire whose intended operating distance from the subject is greater or equal to the distance at which the inverse-square law can be used to predict an illumination level. 2.3 gate size: The diameter of the aperture at the object plane such that the output field angle equals the rated field angle of t
31、he luminaire/lens combination. 2.4 hard focus: A focus position that achieves the most clearly defined edge to the illuminated area. Because of field curvature, this typically requires a best compromise between the beam center and edge. 2.5 illuminance: The areal density of the luminous flux inciden
32、t at a point on a surface. 2.6 light beam: The light emitted from the exit aperture of a luminaire. 2.7 luminaire: A complete lighting unit, consisting of a lamp or lamps, together with all the parts that are needed to position and protect the lamp or lamps, distribute the light, and connect the lam
33、p or lamps to the power supply. 2.8 near-field luminaire: A luminaire whose intended operating distance from the subject is shorter than the minimum distance at which the inverse-square law can be used to predict an illumination level. 2.9 throw distance: The distance between the exit aperture of th
34、e luminaire and the surface being illuminated. 2.10 variable angle luminaire: A luminaire that has optical elements designed to be adjusted to vary the total area illuminated at a given throw distance. 3.0 Requirements Lens quality data reports for all types of luminaires shall include the following
35、 information. Numerical values shall be expressed with sufficient numbers of significant digits to accurately represent the information without implying a greater precision than was present in the original lens quality data. 3.1 Organization responsible for the product The manufacturers name, tradem
36、ark, or other descriptive marking identifying the name of the organization that is responsible for the product shall be provided. 2017 ESTA 1 ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 3.2 Catalog number, model number, or name of luminaire and lens The catalog number, model number, name, or other unambiguous
37、 identifier for both the luminaire and lens shall be noted. 3.3 Lamp used for gathering photometric data The lamp or lamps used to gather the reported lens quality data shall be specified in an unambiguous manner. 3.4 Photometric procedure A brief statement shall be provided to describe how the data
38、 was gathered. If any nationally or internationally recognized standard or recommended practice for measuring lens quality was used, it shall be cited. The date and laboratory where the tests were performed shall be noted. 3.5 Marking of conformance with this standard Luminaire performance data shee
39、ts that conform to this standard shall be marked “Data sheet conforms to American National Standard E1.35 -XXXX“ with XXXX being replaced by the year of the edition of the E1.35 standard used. 4.0 Test Methods 4.1 Test equipment 4.1.1 Test pattern description Figure 1 Test Pattern 2017 ESTA 2 ANSI E
40、1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 The test pattern (gobo) shall be as shown in Figure 1. There are five main elements to the pattern: a. A low spatial frequency checkerboard with a period of 20% of the gate size covering 50% of the luminaire gate. (10 alternating black and white squares across the gate si
41、ze) b. A high spatial frequency checkerboard with a period of 2% of the gate size covering 50% of the luminaire gate. (100 alternating black and white squares across the gate size) c. A circle at the specified luminaire gate size d. Marks indicating the corners and center line of the largest square
42、than can be inscribed within the gate size. e. The pattern is a flat plane. Further descriptive marks or designations may be added to the pattern such as the M designation shown in Figure 1. Such marks and designations do not form part of this standard. Informative note: Figure 1 illustrates an M si
43、ze pattern. Similar but scaled patterns can be created for common gate sizes such as M, B and, A as well as any custom size desired. The critical design dimensions in every case being that the two checkerboards have periods that are 20% and 2% of the quoted gate size. 4.1.2 Manufacture of the test p
44、attern The test pattern can be manufactured in any suitable material by any suitable process that ensures it remains flat and dimensionally stable, and that the image is accurate. It shall have the following optical qualities for the visible light range of 400-700 nm: a. The opaque areas of the test
45、 pattern (shown black in Figure 1) shall have a transmittance less than or equal to 0.1%. b. The clear areas of the test pattern (shown white in Figure 1) shall have a transmittance greater than or equal to 90%. c. The face of the test pattern opposite the light source shall have a reflectance less
46、than or equal to 12%. 4.1.3 Test surface The image shall be projected onto a test surface for measurement. The test surface shall be flat and perpendicular to the optical axis of the luminaire. The test surface shall be positioned at a throw distance within the focusing range of the luminaire. 4.1.4
47、 Illuminance meter The illuminance meter shall be capable of handling the dynamic ranges encountered in the test procedures described in 4.2 without switching measurement ranges. The effective sensor area shall have no dimension (e.g., length, width, diameter) that is greater than one half the width
48、 of the smallest square to be measured on the test pattern checkerboard. 4.2 Test procedure 4.2.1 Test setup The test pattern as defined in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 is inserted in the luminaire gate for projection. The lamp output shall be maintained at a steady value for the duration of the test. 2017 ESTA
49、3 ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 The image shall be projected onto the test surface as defined in 4.1.3. The throw distance from the luminaire to the test surface shall be recorded. The luminaire and lens shall be adjusted so that the image is in hard focus. 2017 ESTA 4 ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 Figure 2 Measurement Positions 2017 ESTA 5 ANSI E1.35 2013 Photo/2006-5010r5 4.2.2 Contrast ratio measurement Measurements of illuminance shall be take
