1、 ANSI/CGA H-52014STANDARD FOR BULK HYDROGEN SUPPLY SYSTEMS SECOND EDITION PAGE ii COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. ANSI/CGA H-52014 PLEASE NOTE: The information contained in this document was obtained from sources believed to be reliable and is based on technical information and experience currently
2、 available from members of the Compressed Gas Association, Inc. and others. However, the Association or its members, jointly or severally, make no guarantee of the results and assume no liability or responsibility in connection with the information or suggestions herein contained. Moreover, it shoul
3、d not be assumed that every acceptable commodity grade, test or safety procedure or meth-od, precaution, equipment or device is contained within, or that abnormal or unusual circumstances may not warrant or suggest further requirements or additional procedure. This document is subject to periodic re
4、view, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition. The Associa-tion invites comments and suggestions for consideration. In connection with such review, any such comments or suggestions will be fully reviewed by the Association after giving the party, upon request, a reasonable op-portunity
5、to be heard. Proposed changes may be submitted via the Internet at our website, . This document should not be confused with federal, state, provincial, or municipal specifications or regulations; insurance requirements; or national safety codes. While the Association recommends reference to or use o
6、f this document by government agencies and others, this document is purely voluntary and not binding unless adopted by reference in regulations. A listing of all publications, audiovisual programs, safety and technical bulletins, and safety posters is available via the Internet at our website at . F
7、or more information contact CGA at Phone: 703-788-2700, ext. 799. E-mail: . Work Item 12-036 Hydrogen Technology Committee NOTETechnical changes from the previous edition are underlined. NOTEAppendix A (Informative) is for information only. SECOND EDITION: 2014 FIRST EDITION: 2008 2014 The Compresse
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10、not alter or remove any trademark, copyright or other notice from this work. ANSI/CGA H-52014 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE iii AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due pro-cess, consensus, and other crit
11、eria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agree-ment has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but n
12、ot necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be con-sidered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect pre-clude anyone, whether he has approved th
13、e standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. More
14、over, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard
15、. CAUTION NOTICE: The American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The proce-dures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to periodically reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive curre
16、nt information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. Approved as an American National Standard on September 8, 2014. PAGE iv COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. ANSI/CGA H-52014 Contents Page 1 Introduction . 1 2 Scope
17、 . 1 3 Definitions . 2 4 Health hazards and safety considerations . 4 5 Site selection 5 5.1 General considerations 5 5.2 Electrical considerations 5 6 Developing a suitable site for a hydrogen system 6 6.1 General 6 6.2 Building codes . 7 6.3 Bulk liquid system 7 6.4 Fencing and walls 7 6.5 Groundi
18、ng 8 6.6 Design requirements . 8 6.7 Site access 8 6.8 Utilities . 8 7 Planning for compliance with OSHA and EPA regulations . 8 7.1 Regulatory requirements . 8 7.2 System safety analysis 9 8 Equipment selection . 9 8.1 Hydrogen embrittlement considerations 9 8.2 Liquid hydrogen tank specifications
19、10 8.3 Receiver specifications 10 8.4 Vaporizer specifications. 12 8.5 Pump station specifications . 12 8.6 Compressor specifications 14 8.7 Control component specifications 16 8.8 Piping specification 17 8.9 Vent system specification 17 8.10 Electrical equipment specification . 17 9 Equipment trans
20、portation and setting . 17 10 Equipment installation 17 10.1 General 17 10.2 Liquid storage tank 18 10.3 Gas receivers 19 10.4 Vaporizers . 22 10.5 Pumps . 22 10.6 Compressors . 22 10.7 Piping. 22 10.8 Vent systems . 22 10.9 Electrical components . 22 11 Startup 22 11.1 General for liquid and gaseou
21、s hydrogen systems . 22 11.2 Liquid hydrogen system 23 11.3 Gaseous hydrogen systems 25 11.4 Final system checkout . 26 11.5 Training 26 ANSI/CGA H-52014 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE v 12 Operation 26 12.1 Operation and maintenance instructions . 26 12.2 Management systems . 27 12.3 General
22、 safety . 27 12.4 Personnel 27 12.5 Shutdown, repair, and startup . 28 12.6 Maintenance and inspection 28 13 System removal 28 13.1 Removal of gas receivers 29 13.2 Removal of a liquid tank 29 14 References . 29 Figure Figure 1Flow sheet of a typical hydrogen compressing system 15 Appendix Appendix
23、ATypical gas and liquid flow diagrams (Informative) . 32 Appendix Figures Figure A-1Cylinders . 32 Figure A-2Tube trailers 32 Figure A-3Gas receivers 33 Figure A-4Liquid storage for low pressure gas 33 Figure A-5Liquid storage for high pressure gas from compressors . 34 Figure A-6Liquid storage for
24、high pressure gas from pumps 34 ANSI/CGA H-52014 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE 1 1 Introduction This standard contains minimum requirements for locating/siting, selecting equipment, installing, starting up, maintaining, and removing bulk hydrogen supply systems. 2 Scope Two types of bulk hyd
25、rogen supply systems are covered in this standard: liquid and gaseous. A bulk gas hydrogen supply system is one that contains more than 5000 scf (141.6 m3) of hydrogen. A bulk liquid supply system is one that contains more than 39.7 gal (150 L) of hydrogen. Requirements of this stand-ard are limited
26、 to systems operating up to 15 000 psi (103.4 MPa).1,2For the purpose of this standard, a liquid system is defined as one where hydrogen is delivered to the supply system and stored on-site in liquid form. Hydrogen is supplied in either liquid or gaseous form to the end users requirement. When requi
27、red, pumps and/or compressors are used to increase the hydrogen pressure before it is supplied to the end user. When required, coded vessels are used to store gaseous hydrogen before it is supplied to the end user. The system is considered to be a bulk liquid system instead of a bulk gaseous system
28、because the hydrogen is delivered from the hydrogen supplier to the storage system in liquid form. For the purpose of this standard, a gas system is defined as one where hydrogen is delivered to the supply system, stored, and is supplied to the end users requirement in gaseous form. See Figures A-1,
29、 A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, and A-6 in Appendix A for typical gas and liquid system flow diagrams. This standard applies to hydrogen supply systems containing any of the following equipment. Not all hydrogen systems include all the equipment listed. More details about hydrogen applications can be found in
30、CGA G-5, Hydrogen and Handbook of Compressed Gases. 2, 3. Hydrogen supply systems include: cryogenic hydrogen storage tank, either aboveground or belowground; gas storage vessels, either aboveground or belowground; heat exchangers (including vaporizers); valves including manual and automatic shutoff
31、 valves, and check valves; pressure control equipment including regulators and control valves; piping (pipe and tubing); cryogenic pumps; cryogenic and warm gas compressors; snubbers and pulsation dampeners; and monitoring and control systems including electrical and instrumentation. The bulk hydrog
32、en supply system terminates at the source valve or where the gas or liquid hydrogen supply first enters the supply line. 1kPa (MPa) shall indicate gauge pressure unless otherwise noted as (kPa, abs MPa, abs) for absolute pressure or (kPa, differential MPa, differential) for differential pressure. Al
33、l kPa values are rounded off per CGA P-11, Metric Practice Guide for the Compressed Gas Industry 1. 2References are shown by bracketed numbers and are listed in order of appearance in the reference section. PAGE 2 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. ANSI/CGA H-52014 3 Definitions For the purpose of thi
34、s standard, the following definitions apply. Additional detailed definitions can be found in CGA H-4, Terminology Associated with Hydrogen Fuel Technol-ogies 4. 3.1 Publication terminology 3.1.1 Shall Indicates that the procedure is mandatory. Shall is used wherever the criterion for conformance to
35、specific rec-ommendations allows no deviation. 3.1.2 Should Indicates that a procedure is recommended. 3.1.3 May Indicate that the procedure is optional. 3.1.4 Will Is used only to indicate the future, not a degree of requirement. 3.1.5 Can Indicates a possibility or ability. 3.2 Technical definitio
36、ns 3.2.1 Bulk hydrogen compressed gas system Assembly of equipment that consists of, but is not limited to, storage containers, pressure regulators, pressure relief devices (PRDs), compressors, manifolds, and piping, with a storage capacity of more than 5000 scf (141.6 m3) of compressed hydrogen gas
37、 that terminates at the source valve. 3.2.2 Bulk liquefied hydrogen system Assembly of equipment that consists of, but is not limited to, storage containers, pressure regulators, PRDs, vaporizers, liquid pumps, compressors, manifolds, and piping, with a storage capacity of more than 39.7 gal (150 L)
38、 of liquefied hydrogen that terminates at the source valve. 3.2.3 Cavitation Undesirable vapor bubble formation and subsequent bubble collapse of a saturated or slightly subcooled liquid in a pump that can cause loss of prime and damage the pump. 3.2.4 Combustible Measure of how easily a substance w
39、ill ignite. 3.2.5 Composite cylinder Cylinder manufactured with a combination of metal and fiber with a protective resin matrix. 3.2.6 Cryogenic compressor Power-driven machine that reduces the volume of cold gas vapor and increases its pressure to liquefy it or maintain it at a high pressure. 3.2.7
40、 Cryogenic pump Device for increasing the pressure of cryogenic fluids. 3.2.8 Electrically classified area Location in which a combustible gas is or can be present in the atmosphere in sufficient concentrations to pro-duce an ignitable mixture. ANSI/CGA H-52014 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE
41、3 3.2.9 Flammability Ability of a substance to ignite at some concentration in air. 3.2.10 Fire barrier wall Wall used to reduce the minimum required separation distances between a bulk supply system and an expo-sure, normally with a 2 hr fire rating. 3.2.11 Fusible link System designed to open an e
42、mergency shutoff valve due to a localized fire. 3.2.12 Fusible plug device Nonreclosing device designed to function by the yielding or melting of a plug of material at a specified tempera-ture. 3.2.13 Grounding Practice of intentionally electrically connecting all exposed metallic items not designed
43、 to carry electricity in a room or building as protection from electric shock. 3.2.14 Hydrogen embrittlement Process by which various metals, most importantly high-strength steel, become brittle and crack following ex-posure to hydrogen. 3.2.15 Inert gas Gas that is noncombustible and nonoxidizing.
44、3.2.16 Instrument gas Compressed gas, normally air or nitrogen, used to operate pneumatic components. 3.2.17 Intrinsically safe Apparatus, circuit, or system that is incapable of causing ignition by a spark or thermal effect of a mixture of flammable or combustible material(s) in air. 3.2.18 Lower f
45、lammable limit (LFL) Lowest concentration of a flammable gas in an oxidant that will propagate when ignited. 3.2.19 Low temperature embrittlement Loss of ductility and strength of a material, making it brittle and of lower strength due to low temperature. 3.2.20 Low temperature protection (LTP) Syst
46、em to stop or block flow when product temperature is at or below temperature set point. 3.2.21 Natural ventilation Process of supplying and removing air through a space without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of external air to an indoor space because of pressure or temperature diffe
47、rences. 3.2.22 Source valve Shutoff valve on the piping system serving a bulk gas supply system where the gas supply, at service pressure, first enters the supply line. 3.2.23 Pressure relief valve Device designed to protect a vessel or piping from achieving pressures higher or lower (vacuum) than i
48、ts de-sign to avoid the failure of the pipe or vessel. NOTEBecause these devices can have significant flow when activated, the discharge should be directed to a safe area. 3.2.24 Pressure vessel Closed container designed to hold gases or liquids under pressure. PAGE 4 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC
49、. ANSI/CGA H-52014 3.2.25 Process Hazards Analysis (PHA) Set of organized and systematic assessments of the potential hazards associated with an industrial process. NOTEA PHA provides information intended to assist in making decisions for improving safety and reducing the conse-quences of unwanted or unplanned releases of hazardous chemicals. 3.2.26 Purge Elimination of an undesirable contaminant by displacement with another fluid. 3.2.27 Rupture disk device Nonreclosing
