1、IEEE Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS), End-Use Applications, and Loads IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 21 Sponsored by the IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 21 on Fuel Cells, Photovoltaics,
2、Dispersed Generation, and Energy Storage IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 10 September 2011 IEEE Std 2030-2011 IEEE Std 2030-2011 IEEE Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS), End-Use Applicati
3、ons, and Loads Sponsor IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 21 on Fuel Cells, Photovoltaics, Dispersed Generation, and Energy Storage Approved 10 September 2011 IEEE-SA Standards Board Approved 24 January 2013 American National Standards Institute Abstract: IEEE Std 2030 provides alternative approa
4、ches and best practices for achieving smart grid interoperability. It is the first all-encompassing IEEE standard on smart grid interoperability providing a roadmap directed at establishing the framework in developing an IEEE national and international body of standards based on cross-cutting techni
5、cal disciplines in power applications and information exchange and control through communications. IEEE Std 2030 establishes the smart grid interoperability reference model (SGIRM) and provides a knowledge base addressing terminology, characteristics, functional performance and evaluation criteria,
6、and the application of engineering principles for smart grid interoperability of the electric power system with end-use applications and loads. A system of systems approach to smart grid interoperability lays the foundation on which IEEE Std 2030 establishes the SGIRM as a design tool that inherentl
7、y allows for extensibility, scalability, and upgradeability. The IEEE 2030 SGIRM defines three integrated architectural perspectives: power systems, communications technology, and information technology. Additionally, it defines design tables and the classification of data flow characteristics neces
8、sary for interoperability. Guidelines for smart grid interoperability, design criteria, and reference model applications are addressed with emphasis on functional interface identification, logical connections and data flows, communications and linkages, digital information management, and power gene
9、ration usage. Keywords: communications technology, controls, cyber security, distributed resources, electric infrastructure and reliability, electric power system, electricity customers and loads, EPS, grid architecture, grid operations, IEEE 2030, information technology, interconnection, interfaces
10、, interoperability, power systems, SCADA, SGIRM, Smart Grid, smart grid reference model g120The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2011 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Publi
11、shed 10 September 2011. Printed in the United States of America. BACnet is a registered trademark of American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). GSM is a registered trademark, owned by the GSM Association. HomePlug is a registered trademark of the HomePlug Pow
12、erline Alliance, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries. IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Introduction This introduct
13、ion is not part of IEEE Std 2030-2011, IEEE Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS), End-Use Applications, and Loads. The sophistication and age of electrical power grids throughout the world vary significan
14、tly, and they may vary within a country from area to area or electrical service provider to electrical service provider. Additionally, there is an increasing worldwide demand for building an expansive electricity infrastructure. Satisfying the demands for expansion and for upgrading aging electrical
15、 power systems, coupled with the advances in communications and information technologies, has stimulated the concept of “Smart Grid”a broad term used to include the application of secure, two-way communications and information technology to electrical power grids. These demands have also driven poli
16、cy, legislation, and regulation of power systems throughout the world. The U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 addresses the coordination of the development of a smart grid interoperability framework. Under EISA Section 1305, the Director of the National Institute of Standards a
17、nd Technology (NIST) shall have the primary responsibility of coordinating the development of that framework, including soliciting input from private organizations, including the National Electrical Manufacturers Association and IEEE. Further, the scope of the interoperable framework “shall be flexi
18、ble, uniform, and technology neutral” and “align policy, business, and technology approaches in a manner that would enable all electric resources, including demand-side resources, to contribute to an efficient, reliable electricity network.” The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has si
19、milar interests in evolving their smart grid concepts and established the IEC Standardization Management Board (SMB) Strategic Group 3 (SG 3) on Smart Grid. It was established to advise the board concerning the technologies associated with the Smart Grid and to identify the needs for new internation
20、al standards. Currently, there are many (national and international) standardization activities related to the development of smart grid concepts. A smart grid standardization roadmap was developed in 2010 by the IEC that is similar to the framework and roadmap developed by NIST. Standards developin
21、g organizations (e.g., IEEE)g326using an open and balanced consensus processg326are establishing standards for the Smart Grid building off of the conceptual reference models produced by NIST B17 and others.aIEEE Std 2030-2011 supports EISA, the NIST framework coordination efforts, IEC interests, and
22、 additional smart grid applications. It focuses on a systems-level approach to understanding and guidance for interoperability components of communications, power systems, and information technology platforms (see Figure a). This guide views the Smart Grid as a large, complex “system of systems” and
23、 provides guidance to navigate the numerous smart grid design pathways throughout the EPS, loads, and end-use applications. This interoperability standard lays the foundation for the expanding smart grid applications level shown in Figure a, which provides a platform for any number of smart grid app
24、lications, i.e., advanced metering infrastructure, plug-in electric vehicles, and other smart grid applications (“N”). These applications may be supported by additional IEEE 2030 standards. aThe numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex A. iv Copyright 2011 IEEE. All right
25、s reserved. IEEE 2030Smart Grid Interoperability GuidanceConceptual Reference Models (NIST, IEC, etc.)Information Technology ArchitecturePower Systems ArchitectureCommunications ArchitectureArchitecture Application AMIArchitecture Application PEVSmart Grid Applicationse.g., additional IEEE 2030 stan
26、dards Smart Grid Conceptual Reference Models etc.Architecture Application “N” AMI = advanced metering infrastructure PEV = plug-in electric vehicle N = other smart grid applications Figure aEvolution of smart grid interoperability Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should
27、consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the p
28、ublication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both us
29、e, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to th
30、is document. v Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata
31、. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendment
32、s, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA web sit
33、e at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be
34、 accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this guide may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this guide, no position is taken with respect to th
35、e existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or con
36、ditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is ent
37、irely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. vi Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. Participants At the time this guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, Standards Coordinating Committee 21 on Fuel Cells, Phot
38、ovoltaics, Dispersed Generation, and Energy Storage had the following membership: Richard DeBlasio, Chair Thomas S. Basso, Vice Chair that is, achieve interoperable communications across smart grid technologies. 4.3 Smart grid architecture The architectural principles listed in Table 4-1 are summari
39、zed from those identified by the GridWise Architecture Council, EPRI IntelliGrid, Utility AMI, and the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) among other stakeholders. This guide addresses interoperability of the Smart Grid in relation to the interoperability definition (see 3.1)
40、. The other architectural principles listed in the table are important characteristics for smart grid success, some of which are included in the main focus of this guide. 6 Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Std 2030-2011 IEEE Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology an
41、d Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS), End-Use Applications, and Loads Table 4-1Architectural principles Principle Description Standardization The elements of the infrastructure and the ways in which they interrelate are clearly defined, published, useful, open, and
42、 stable over time. Openness The infrastructure is based on technology that is available to all qualified stakeholders on a nondiscriminatory basis. Providers of the technology have an evolution plan toward openness and standardization. Interoperability The standardization of interfaces within the in
43、frastructure is organized such that The system can be easily customized for particular geographical, application-specific, or business circumstances, but Customization does not prevent necessary communications between elements of the infrastructure. Security The infrastructure is protected against u
44、nauthorized access and interference with normal operation. It consistently implements information privacy and other security policies. Extensibility The infrastructure is not designed with built-in constraints to extending its capabilities as new applications are discovered and developed. Toward thi
45、s goal, Its data are defined and structured according to a CIM. It separates the definition of data from the methods used to deliver it. Its components can announce and describe themselves to other components. Scalability The infrastructure can be expanded throughout the power system with no inheren
46、t limitations on its size. Manageability The components of the infrastructure can have their configuration assessed and managed, faults can be identified and isolated, and the components are otherwise remotely manageable. Upgradeability The configuration, software, algorithms, and security credentia
47、ls of the infrastructure can be upgraded safely and securely with minimal remote-site visits. This is a particular aspect of manageability. Shareability The infrastructure uses shared resources that offer economies of scale, minimize duplicative efforts, and, if appropriately organized, encourage th
48、e introduction of competing innovative solutions. Ubiquity Authorized users of the Smart Grid can readily take advantage of the infrastructure and what it provides regardless of geographic or other types of barriers. Integrity The infrastructure operates at a high level of availability, performance,
49、 and reliability. It reroutes communications automatically, operates during power outages, and stores data for intervals sufficient to recover from failure events. Ease of use There are logical, consistent, and preferably intuitive rules and procedures for the use and management of the infrastructure. The system maximizes the information and choices available to users of the Smart Grid, while minimizing the actions they must take to participate if they choose to do so. Adapted from NIST Smart Grid Interim Roadmap, Phase 1 B16. 7 Copyright 2011 IEEE. All rig
