1、ANSI/IES RP-16-10(Supercedes ANSI/IESNA RP-16-05)Includes ANSI/IES Addenda listed in Annex BNomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating EngineeringANSI/IES RP-16-10(Supercedes ANSI/IESNA RP-16-05)Includes ANSI/IES Addenda listed in Annex BNomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating EngineeringPu
2、blication of this RecommendedPractice has been approvedby the IES. Suggestionsfor revisions should be directedto the IES.Prepared by:The IES Nomenclature Committee ANSI/IESNA RP-16-05 is under continuous maintenance by the IES Nomenclature Committee for shich theSociety has procedures for publicatio
3、 of addenda or revisions. A continuous maintenance submittal form, instruc-tions, and deadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the IES Director of Technology rharroldies.orgCopyright 2010 by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America.Approved as an American National Standard July
4、 15, 2005.Approved by the IES Board of Directors, October 15, 2005 , as a Transaction of the Illuminating EngineeringSociety of North America with subsequent addenda approved by IES and ANSI-see Annex B for addenda list anddates.All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in a
5、ny form, in any electronic retrieval systemor otherwise, without prior written permission of the IES.Published by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 120 Wall Street, New York, New York10005.IES Standards and Guides are developed through committee consensus and produced by the IES
6、 Office in NewYork. Careful attention is given to style and accuracy. If any errors are noted in this document, please forwardthem to Rita Harrold, Director Educational and Technical Development, at the above address for verification andcorrection. The IES welcomes and urges feedback and comments.Pr
7、inted in the United States of America.ISBN-13# 978-0-87995-208-2DISCLAIMERIES publications are developed through the consensus standards development process approved by the AmericanNational Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests toac
8、hieve consensus on lighting recommendations. While the IES administers the process and establishes policies andprocedures to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accura-cy or completeness of any information published herein. The IES disclaims l
9、iability for any injury to persons or proper-ty or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly orindirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document.In issuing and making this document available, the IES is no
10、t undertaking to render professional or other services foror on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the IES undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity tosomeone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate,seek the advice
11、 of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.The IES has no power, nor does it undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. Nordoes the IES list, certify, test or inspect products, designs, or installations f
12、or compliance with this document. Any cer-tification or statement of compliance with the requirements of this document shall not be attributable to the IES and issolely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement.AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDApproval of an American National Standard r
13、equires verification by ANSI that the requirements for dueprocess, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantialagreement has been reached by directly and materiall
14、y affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary
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16、s and will in no circumstancesgive an interpretation to any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of theAmerican National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be ad
17、dressed to the secre-tariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: Portions of the American National Standard may be updated at any time under continuous maintenance through the addenda process.The procedures for continuous maintenance arecontained inthe bac
18、k of this standard. Future addenda will be published on the IES website www.ies.orgContentsForeword 1.0 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.0 Electromagnetic Radiation . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13.0 Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54.0 Color . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105.0 Visual Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、 . . . . .156.0 Light Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217.0 Surfaces and Media for Light Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . .258.0 Testing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349.0 Lighting Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . .3710.0 Interior Lighting Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4211.0 Exterior Lighting Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . 5512.0 Nonlighting Applications of Radiant Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6213.0 Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . 6713.1 Luminance Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6713.2 Standard Units, Symbols, and Defining Equations for Fundamental and Radiometric Quantities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 6713.3 Illuminance Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6813.4 Definitive Values of the Special Luminous EfficiencyFunction for Photopic Vision V() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6913.5A Colo
27、r-Matching Functions and Chromaticity Coordinates of CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetric Observer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7713.5B Color-Matching Functions and Chromaticity Coordinates of CIE 1964 Supplementary Standard Colorimetric Observer . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . 8913.6 Relative Spectral Power Distribution of CIE Illuminant “C” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9913.7 Scotopic Spectral Luminous Efficiency Values, VH11032() (Unity at Wavelength of Maximum Luminous Efficacy) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10013.8 Tentative Bactericidal Eff
29、iciency of Ultraviolet Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10113.9 CIE 1988 Modified Two Degree Spectral Luminous Efficiency Function for Photopic Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Annex A - Physical Receptors and Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Foreword(This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/IES RP-16-2010.)One of the first undertakings of the Illuminating Engineering Society was to clarify and standardi
32、ze thenomenclature in its field. The Societys Committee on Nomenclature and Standards published a provisional set of definitions in 1910. This subsequently was revised and enlarged ninetimes during the following 32 years. The reports of 1922, 1925, 1932, and 1942 were approved as American Standards
33、by the American Standards Association, and the IES was designat-ed as sponsor for future revisions under the procedure of the Association.The last American National Standard Nomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating Engineering (RP-16) was completed and approved by the Society and by the America
34、n National Standards Institute(ANSI) in 2005.Since the last revisions, advances in lighting technology have given birth to new lighting terminology.Better measurement techniques have led to more international agreement in fundamental units andconstants used in basic laws of physics. There is greater
35、 use of SI units today in illuminating engi-neering. This standard reflects the above with several new terms and definitions and revisions in exist-ing definitions submitted through the continuous maintenance process.The IES Nomenclature Committee, which has been primarily responsible for this revis
36、ion, acknowl-edges the material contributions of the technical committees of the Illuminating Engineering Society inproviding suggested terms and definitions pertinent to their specialized activities.IES Nomenclature CommitteeJames R. Cyre, Chair C. Bernecker*R. E. LevinA. L. LewisR. G. Mistrick E.
37、RinalducciA. W. SerresT. C. Scott*AdvisoryANSI/IES RP-16-101ANSI/ IES RP-16-101.0 INTRODUCTIONThe terms defined in this Recommended Practice arein alphabetical order within each section, in thesequence listed in the Table of Contents. Individualterms may be found by using the Index.1.1 ScopeIllumina
38、ting engineering, strictly speaking, comprisesthe production, measurement and application of light,or radiant energy within the limits of the visual spec-trum. Since, however, most light sources furnish radi-ant energy also in the adjoining infrared and ultravioletregions, and since many lamp-type d
39、evices are usedfor the production of radiant energy in these regions, itis customary to include the infrared and ultraviolet with-in the province of the illuminating engineer.1.2 Spectral ParametersThere are four spectral parameters that are widelyused in different disciplines. The spectral paramete
40、rused in illuminating engineering is almost alwayswavelength, , in units of nanometer (nm = 10-9m),micrometer (m = 10-6m) or ngstromi( = 10-10m).The name wavelength and symbol will be used asthe spectral parameter in this publication exceptwhere otherwise specifically indicated. The otherspectral pa
41、rameters, their symbols and equationsfor computing them from wavelengths in nanome-ters are as follows:Frequency,ii (Hz) = c 109/ (s-1) or (Hz)Wavenumber, (cm-1) = ()-1 107(cm-1)Photon energy, q (J) q = h 109/ (J)where:c = the speed of light in vacuum, 299,792,458 (m s-1)h = the Planck constant of a
42、ction 6.626176 10-34(J s)When a parameter symbol, e.g., , is used as asubscript to a radiometric quantity symbol, itdenotes the parameter concentration of that quanti-ty, e.g., spectral radiant flux, = d/d. To denotea distribution, it is also shown as a function of thatparameter, e.g., the spectral
43、distribution of radiantflux, (). Properties, such as reflectance or emis-sivity, also vary with, and may be shown as func-tions of, the radiation parameters, e.g., directionalemissivity (,), or spectral transmittance ().Since they are not distributions, but only weightingfunctions, the use of parame
44、ter subscripts to prop-erty symbols may be misleading and is accordinglydeprecated. The value of a function (distribution orweighting function) at a particular parameter valueis denoted by replacing the parameter symbol in thefunction notation by that value, e.g., spectral flux at555 nanometers woul
45、d be (555 nm).Note: In addition to the spectral parameter, the otherradiation parameters that together fully characterizethe distribution of radiant flux in the domain of rayoptics are: the spatial parameters of position (x,y for apoint on a surface or x,y,z for a point in space) anddirection (,)whe
46、re = the angle from a refer-ence axis and = the azimuth angle from a referencedirection perpendicular to that axis); time (t) or fre-quency ( 20mm is commonly used forarchitectural and general lighting applications,but through popular usage is commonlyreferred to as a cold-cathode lamp.(iii) Dischar
47、ge lamps used in signage andrelated applications may be either of the cold-cathode or of the fluorescent cold-cathodetype. Through popular usage, signage lampsthat are 20mm in diameter are frequentlyreferred to as neon lamps6.5.4.2 Glow lamp - An electric-discharge lampwhose mode of operation is tha
48、t of a glow dis-charge, and in which light is generated in thespace close to the electrodes.6.5.5 Low pressure sodium (LPS) lamp - A dis-charge lamp in which light is produced by radiationfrom sodium vapor operating at a partial pressure of0.1 to 1.5 Pa (approximately 10-3to 10-2Torr).6.5.6 Low pres
49、sure mercury lamp - A dischargelamp (with or without a phosphor coating) in which thepartial pressure of the mercury vapor does notexceed 100 Pa during operation.6.5.6.1 Fluorescent lamp - A low pressure mer-cury electric-discharge lamp in which a fluorescingcoating (phospshor) transforms some of the ultra-violet energy generated by the discharge into light.6.5.6.1.1 Preheat (switch start) fluorescentlamp - A fluorescent lamp designed for operationin a circuit requiring a manual or automatic start-ing switch to preheat the electrodes i
