1、ANSI INCITS 332-1999(formerly ANSI NCITS 332-1999)for Information Technology Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL-2)ANSI INCITS 332-1999(formerly ANSI NCITS 332-1999)for Information Technology Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL-2)ANSINCITS 332-1999American National Standardfor Information Technolo
2、gy Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL-2)SecretariatInformation Technology Industry CouncilApproved December 8, 1999American National Standards Institute, Inc.AbstractThis standard defines functional requirements for an interoperable Arbitrated Loop topology to support theFibre Channel standard.App
3、roval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been
4、 reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National S
5、tandards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does
6、not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpreta
7、tions should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to
8、reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.11 West 42nd Street, N
9、ew York, NY 10036Copyright 1999 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI)All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in t
10、he United States of AmericaCAUTION: The developers of this standard have requested that holders of patents that may berequired for the implementation of the standard disclose such patents to the publisher. However,neither the developers nor the publisher have undertaken a patent search in order to i
11、dentifywhich, if any, patents may apply to this standard. As of the date of publication of this standardand following calls for the identification of patents that may be required for the implementation ofthe standard, no such claims have been made. No further patent search is conducted by the de-vel
12、oper or publisher in respect to any standard it processes. No representation is made or impliedthat licenses are not required to avoid infringement in the use of this standard.iContentsPageForeword .xiIntroduction . xiii1 Scope . 12 Normative references . 23 Definitions and conventions 34 Structure
13、and concepts. 85 Addressing 136 FC-AL Ordered Sets. 177 FC-AL Primitive Signals and Sequences 188 L_Port operation. 249 L_Port state transition tables 4910 Loop Initialization procedure. 73Tables1 8B/10B characters with neutral disparity 142 Primitive Signals. 173 Primitive Sequences. 174 MONITORING
14、 (State 0) transitions 505 ARBITRATING (State 1) transitions . 546 ARBITRATION WON (State 2) transitions . 577 OPEN (State 3) transitions . 598 OPENED (State 4) transitions 619 XMITTED CLOSE (State 5) transitions 6410 RECEIVED CLOSE (State 6) transitions 6711 TRANSFER (State 7) transitions 7012 INIT
15、IALIZATION process (State 8) transitions . 7213 Reserved 7214 OLD-PORT (State A) transitions 7215 AL_PA mapped to bit maps 78Figures0 Fibre Channel roadmap xiii1 Examples of the Loop topology 102 FC-PH with Arbitrated Loop addition 113 State Diagram. 314 Loop Initialization Sequences. 76iiPage5 Loop
16、 Initialization Sequence AL_PA bit map . 806 Loop Initialization state diagram example 837 POWER-ON state diagram 858 OLD-PORT state diagram 879 Loop Fail Initialization state diagram 8910 Normal Initialization state diagram . 9111 OPEN-INIT state diagram 9312 Slave Initialization state diagram 9513
17、 Slave AL_PA position map state diagram 9814 Master Initialization state diagram 9915 Master AL_PA position map state diagram 101AnnexesA L_Port Elasticity buffer management . 103B Loop Port State Machine examples 107C Dynamic Half-Duplex 110D Access unfairness 112E Half-duplex operation . 113F BB_C
18、redit and Available_BB_Credit management example 114G L_Port clock design options . 116H Mark Synchronization examples 118I Port Bypass Circuit example and usage 119J Public L_Ports and Private NL_Ports on a Loop . 122K Assigned Loop Identifier. 123L Selective replicate for parallel query accelerati
19、on 124M Controlled FC-AL configurations 127N Insertion modes of Hubs 129O L_Port power-on considerations 130P L_Port initialization flow diagram 131Q Examples of Switch Port Initialization. 132Index . 135iiiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard NCITS 332-1999.)This standa
20、rd defines functional requirements for an inter-operable Arbitrated Looptopology for Fibre Channel.This standard was prepared by Task Group T11 (formerly X3T9.3) of the AccreditedStandards Committee X3 during 1993. The standard process started in 1989. Thisdocument includes annexes that are informat
21、ive and are not considered part of thestandard.Requests for interpretation, suggestions for improvements or addenda, or defect re-ports are welcome. They should be sent to the NCITS Secretariat, Information Tech-nology Industry Council, 1250 Eye Street, NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005-3922.This
22、standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the NationalCommittee for Information Technology Standards (NCITS). Committee approval ofthe standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for ap-proval. At the time it approved this standard, NCITS had the following
23、 members:Karen Higginbottom, ChairDavid Michael, Vice-ChairMonica Vago, SecretaryOrganization Represented Name of RepresentativeAonix. Alexander NawrockiApple Computer, Inc. David MichaelAT it does not showthe complete set of Fibre Channel documents.Figure 0 - Fibre Channel roadmapFC-AL features enh
24、anced Ports, called L_Ports, which arbitrate to access an Arbi-trated Loop. Once an L_Port wins arbitration, a second L_Port may be opened tocomplete a single point-to-point circuit (i.e., communication path between twoL_Ports). When the two connected L_Ports release control of the Arbitrated Loop,a
25、nother point-to-point circuit may be established. An L_Port may have the ability todiscover its environment and work properly, without outside intervention, with anF_Port, an N_Port, or with other L_Ports.There is no change to the framing protocol of ANSI X3, FC-PH-x, however, modifica-tion to the P
26、ort hardware is required to transmit, receive, and interpret the new Arbi-trated Loop Primitive Signals and Sequences. The clauses in this document areorganized as follows:Clause 1 describes the scope.Clause 2 lists the normative references.Clause 3 provides descriptions and conventions.Clause 4 pro
27、vides an overview and general description of FC-AL.Clause 5 describes the Arbitrated Loop Physical Address.Clause 6 describes the FC-AL Ordered Sets.Clause 7 describes the Primitive Signals and Sequences.Clause 8 describes the operation of an L_Port including the state machine.Clause 9 provides a ta
28、ble representation of the FC-AL states.Clause 10 describes the L_Port initialization procedure.AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI NCITS 332-19991for Information Technology Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop Topology (FC-AL-2)1 ScopeThis American National Standard for FC-AL specifies signaling interface enha
29、ncements for ANSI X3, FC-PH-xto allow L_Ports to operate with an Arbitrated Loop topology. This standard defines L_Ports that retain thefunctionality of Ports as specified in ANSI X3, FC-PH-x. The Arbitrated Loop topology attaches multiplecommunicating points in a Loop without requiring switches.The
30、 Arbitrated Loop topology is a distributed topology where each L_Port includes the minimum necessaryfunction to establish a Loop circuit. A single FL_Port connected to an Arbitrated Loop allows multiple NL_Portsto attach to a Fabric.When an L_Port is operating on a Loop with at least one other L_Por
31、t, the L_Port uses the protocol extensionsto ANSI X3, FC-PH-x that are specified in this standard.When an L_Port is connected with an N_Port or an F_Port, the L_Port communicates using the protocoldefined in ANSI X3, FC-PH-x.1Each L_Port may use a self-discovering procedure to find the correct opera
32、ting mode without the need forexternal controls.1In order to interoperate with an N_Port or an F_Port, the L_Port must have implemented the OLD-PORT state.ANSI NCITS 332-199922 Normative referencesThe following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions
33、 of thisstandard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, andparties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the mostrecent editions of the standards listed below.2.1 Approved referen
34、cesANSI X3.272-1996, Information Technology Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL)*ANSI X3.230-1994, Information Technology Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH)*ANSI X3.297-1997, Information Technology Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH-2)*ANSI X3.303-1998, Inform
35、ation Technology Fibre Channel Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH-3)*ANSI X3.289-1996, Information Technology Fibre Channel Fabric Generic Requirements (FC-FG)*ANSI NCITS 321-1998, Information Technology Fibre Channel Switch Topologies and Switch Control (FC-SW)*ANSI X3/TR-18-1997, Information
36、Technology Fibre Channel Private Loop Direct Attach (FC-PLDA)*ANSI NCITS TR-20-1998, Information Technology Fibre Channel Fabric Loop (FC-FLA)*2.2 References under developmentAt the time of publication, the following referenced standards were still under development. For information onthe current st
37、atus of the documents, or regarding availability, contact the relevant standards body or otherorganization as indicated.NCITS Project 1305-D, Information Technology Fibre Channel Switch Topologies and Switch Control (FC-SW-2)NCITS Project 1315-DT, Information Technology Fibre Channel Tape (FC-TAPE)*
38、For electronic copies of some standards, visit ANSIs Electronic Standards Store (ESS) at www.ansi.org. For printedversions of all standards listed here, contact Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO80112-5704, (800) 854-7179.ANSI NCITS 332-2000ANSI NCITS 332-199933 Defin
39、itions and conventions3.1 DefinitionsFor the purpose of this standard, the definitions in clause 3 of ANSI X3, FC-PH-x and the following definitions apply.Definitions in this clause take precedence over any definitions in ANSI X3, FC-PH-x.3.1.1 Arbitrated Loop: A Fibre Channel topology where Ports u
40、se arbitration to gain access to the Loop.3.1.2 Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (AL_PA): A unique one-byte valid value as established in 5.1.3.1.3 Arbitrated Loop Destination Address (AL_PD): The Arbitrated Loop Physical Address of the L_Port on theLoop that should receive the Primitive Signal or P
41、rimitive Sequence. For example, the AL_PD is the y valueof the OPNyx or OPNyy Primitive Signal.3.1.4 A rbitrate d Loop Source Address (AL_PS): The Arbitrated Loop Physical Address of the L_Port on the Loopthat transmitted the Primitive Signal or Primitive Sequence. For example, the AL_PS is the x va
42、lue of theOPNyx Primitive Signal.3.1.5 close: A procedure used by an L_Port to terminate a Loop circuit.3.1.6 current Fill Word: The Fill Word currently selected by the LPSM to be transmitted when needed. The initialvalue is the Idle Primitive Signal (see 8.4).3.1.7 D yn amic Half-Duplex: A procedur
43、e initiated by the L_Port in the OPEN state to change a full-duplex transfert o a half-duplex transfer. The resulting half-duplex transfer is from th e L_Port in the OPENED state to the L_Portin the OPEN state (see 7.5 and annex C).3.1.8 f airness window: the period during which a fair L_Port can ar
44、bitrate and win access to the Loop only once (see4.3).3.1.9 F ill Word: A Transmission Word which is an Idle or an ARByx Primitive Signal. These words are transmittedbe tween frames, Primitive Signals, and Primitive Sequences to keep a fibre active (see ANSI X3, FC-PH-x,clause 17).3.1.10 FL_Port: An
45、 F_Port (i.e., Fabric Port) which contains the Loop Port State Machine defined by this document.3.1.11 F/NL_Port: An NL_Port that detects OPN(00,x) and provides Fibre Channel services in the absence of anFL_Port.3.1.12 f ull-duplex: Communication model 2 referred to as duplex in ANSI X3, FC-PH-x. Bo
46、th L_Ports are allowed totransmit and receive Data frames.3.1.13 half-duplex: Communication model 1 in ANSI X3, FC-PH-x. Only one L_Port is allowed to transmit Dataframes. 3.1.14 Hub: a device for interconnecting L_Ports.3.1.15 Loop: The Arbitrated Loop described in this document.3.1.16 Loop circuit
47、: A bidirectional path that allows communication between two L_Ports on the same Loop.3.1.17 L oop Failure: Loss of word synchronization for greater than R_T_TOV; or loss of signal (see ANSI X3, FC-PH-x,16.4.2).3.1.18 L_Port: Either an FL_Port or an NL_Port as defined in ANSI X3, FC-PH-x, 3.1.ANSI N
48、CITS 332-1999BSR NCITS 332 BSR NCITS 332ANSI NCITS 332-2000ANSI NCITS 332-199943.1.19 NL_Port: An N_Port (i.e., Node Port) which contains the Loop Port State Machine defined by this document.Without the qualifier “Public“ or “Private,“ an NL_Port is assumed to be a Public NL_Port.3.1.20 non-L_Port:
49、A Port that does not support the Loop functions defined in this standard (see Port in ANSI X3,FC-PH-x).3.1.21 N on-Participating mode: The operational mode of an L_Port which does not have an AL_PA, but is enabledinto the Loop (see 8.1.4).3.1.22 N on-Participating Bypassed mode: The operational mode of an L_Port which does not have an AL_PA andis bypassed from the Loop (see 8.1.4).3.1.23 open: A procedure used by an L_Port to establish a Loop circuit.3.1.24 P articipating mode: The operational mo
