1、 Reference numberISO/IEC 15816:2002(E)ISO/IEC 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC15816First edition2002-02-01Information technology Security techniques Security information objects for access control Technologies de linformation Techniques de scurit Objets dinformations de scurit pour le contrle dacc
2、s Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard.Date of ANSI Approval: 8/29/02Published by American National Standards Institute,25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036Copyright 2002 by Information Technology Industry Council
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8、IEC 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in t
9、he country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reservedISO/IEC 15816:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved iiiCONTENTS Page 1 S
10、cope 1 2 Normative references 1 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards. 1 2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content. 2 3 Definitions 2 4 Abbreviations 2 5 Conventions 3 5.1 Security Information Object Class Description. 3 5.2 Generic Securi
11、ty Information Object Class Correspondence 3 5.3 Security Information Object Composition. 3 6 Specification of Security Information Objects 3 6.1 Confidentiality Label. 3 6.1.1 Introduction . 3 6.1.2 ASN.1 Specification of the Label 4 6.1.3 Binding Methods for Confidentiality Labels. 5 6.2 Security
12、Policy Information File . 5 6.2.1 Introduction . 5 6.2.2 ASN.1 Specification of the Security Policy Information File . 6 6.3 Clearance Attribute 9 6.3.1 Introduction . 9 6.3.2 Definition of clearance attribute 10 7 Security Information Object Interaction . 10 7.1 SIO Class Structure Comparison. 10 7
13、.2 Security Information Object Interaction for Access Control. 10 Annex A Security Information Objects for Access Control in ASN.1. 13 Annex B Expansion of the SECURITY-CATEGORY Syntax 19 ISO/IEC 15816:2002(E) iv ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standa
14、rdization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organizati
15、on to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, I
16、SO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopte
17、d by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be th
18、e subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 15816 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 27, IT Security techniques, in collaboration with ITU-T. The identical t
19、ext is published as ITU-T Rec. X.841. Annex A forms a normative part of of this International Standard. Annex B is for information only. ISO/IEC 15816:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved vIntroduction This Recommendation | International Standard on Security Information Objects (SIOs) for Access
20、 Control provides object definitions that are commonly needed in more than one security standard such that multiple and different definitions of the same functionality may be avoided. Precision in these definitions is achieved by use of the Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) defined in ITU-T Rec.
21、X.680 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:1998, and ITU-T Rec. X.681 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-2:1998. The aim of security management is to ensure that assets, including information, are protected appropriately and cost effectively. In order to protect proprietary interests and Intellectual Property Rights, organiz
22、ations need to control the handling of their information. Severe damage or embarrassment can be caused to either the originator or holder of sensitive information, for example, if it is released to those not authorized to receive it (a breach of confidentiality), or if it is modified in any way (a b
23、reach of integrity). Each organization needs to ensure that it protects its own information and assets adequately in all forms during its storage, processing and transmission between and within organizations over both private and public networks. Organizations must be satisfied that their assets wil
24、l be protected properly when they are held or processed by others if business is to be conducted more widely. The motivation for development of SIOs for Access Control is the achievement of the flexibility and interoperability in security management that accrues from the use of common structures for
25、 similar functions. Standardization of security labels and alternative methods for access control have been pursued in this Recommendation | International Standard. ISO/IEC 15816 : 2002 (E) ITU-T X.841 (10/2000 E) 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15816 : 2001 (E) ITU-T RECOMMENDATION INFORMATION TEC
26、HNOLOGY SECURITY TECHNIQUES SECURITY INFORMATION OBJECTS FOR ACCESS CONTROL 1 Scope The scope of this Recommendation | International Standard is: a) the definition of guidelines for specifying the abstract syntax of generic and specific Security Information Objects (SIOs) for Access Control; b) the
27、specification of generic SIOs for Access Control; c) the specification of specific SIOs for Access Control. The scope of this Recommendation | International Standard covers only the “statics“ of SIOs through syntactic definitions in terms of ASN.1 descriptions and additional semantic explanations. I
28、t does not cover the “dynamics“ of SIOs, for example rules relating to their creation and deletion. The dynamics of SIOs are a local implementation issue. 2 Normative references The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, consti
29、tute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
30、 possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. 2.1
31、 Identical Recommendations | International Standards ITU-T Recommendation X.411 (1999) | ISO/IEC 10021-4, Information technology Message Handling Systems (MHS): Message transfer system: Abstract service definition and procedures. ITU-T Recommendation X.500 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001, Information t
32、echnology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Overview of concepts, models and services. ITU-T Recommendation X.501 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-2:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Models. ITU-T Recommendation X.509 (2000) | ISO/IEC 9594-8:2001, Information te
33、chnology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks. ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation. ITU-T Recommendation X.681 (1997) | ISO/IEC 882
34、4-2:1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Information object specification. ITU-T Recommendation X.682 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-3:1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Constraint specification. ITU-T Recommendation X.683 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-4:
35、1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1 specifications. ITU-T Recommendation X.690 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8825-1:1998, Information technology ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distingui
36、shed Encoding Rules (DER). ISO/IEC 15816 : 2002 (E) 2 ITU-T X.841 (10/2000 E) CCITT Recommendation X.722 (1992) | ISO/IEC 10165-4:1992, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Structure of management information: Guidelines for the definition of managed objects. ITU-T Recommendation X.74
37、1 (1995) | ISO/IEC 10164-9:1995, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Systems Management: Objects and attributes for access control. ITU-T Recommendation X.803 (1994) | ISO/IEC 10745:1995, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Upper layers security model. ITU-T Recommend
38、ation X.810 (1995) | ISO/IEC 10181-1:1996, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Security frameworks for open systems: Overview. ITU-T Recommendation X.830 (1995) | ISO/IEC 11586-1:1996, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Generic upper layers security: Overview, models
39、 and notation. 2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content CCITT Recommendation X.800 (1991), Security architecture for Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT applications. ISO 7498-2:1989, Information processing systems Open Systems Interconnection Basic Ref
40、erence Model Part 2: Security Architecture. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 Compartmentalization: As defined in ISO/IEC 2382-8. 3.2 Generic SIO Class: An SIO Class in which the data types for one or more of the comp
41、onents are not fully specified. 3.3 Information Object: As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.681 | ISO/IEC 8824-2. 3.4 Information Object Class: As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.681 | ISO/IEC 8824-2. 3.5 Object Identifier (OID): As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.680 | ISO/IEC 8824-1. 3.6 Seal: As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.8
42、10 | ISO/IEC 10181-1. 3.7 Security Authority: The entity accountable for the administration of a security policy within a security domain. 3.8 Security Domain: A collection of users and systems subject to a common security policy. 3.9 Security Information Object: An instance of an SIO Class. 3.10 Se
43、curity Information Object Class: An Information Object Class that has been tailored for security use. 3.11 Security Label: As defined in CCITT Rec. X.800 and ISO/IEC 7498-2. 3.12 Security Policy: As defined in ISO/IEC 2382-8. 3.13 Security Policy Information File: A construct that conveys domain-spe
44、cific security policy information. 3.14 Specific SIO Class: An SIO Class in which the data types for all components are fully specified. 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following abbreviations apply: ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One EE End Enti
45、ty IT Information Technology ISO/IEC 15816 : 2002 (E) ITU-T X.841 (10/2000 E) 3 OID Object Identifier RBAC Rule Based Access Control SIO Security Information Object SPIF Security Policy Information File 5 Conventions 5.1 Security Information Object Class Description An SIO Class comprises: a value f
46、or a SIO Class identifier; a set of one or more data type specifications, one for each component the SIO Class contains; and a statement of the semantics associated with use of the SIO Class. 5.2 Generic Security Information Object Class Correspondence A Generic SIO Class is an SIO Class in which th
47、e data types for one or more of the components are not fully specified. A Specific SIO Class is an SIO Class in which the data types for all components are fully specified. A generic SIO Class corresponds to a family of specific SIO Classes. 5.3 Security Information Object Composition The specificat
48、ion of each SIO in this Recommendation | International Standard contains the following parts: a description of the SIO; an explanation of the usage of the SIO; a description of the components of the SIO. The description of the components of the SIO includes the ASN.1 specification and the object ide
49、ntifier of the object class being defined. 6 Specification of Security Information Objects When a new requirement is identified for an SIO, the following steps shall be followed to encourage reuse of existing specifications and to reduce the proliferation of different specifications meeting the same requirements: If this Recommendation | International Standard defines an SIO that meets the new requirement, the definition in this Recommendation | Inter
