1、 INCITS/ISO/IEC 19778-3:20082010 (ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008, IDT) Information technology - Learning, education and training - Collaborative technology - Collaborative workplace - Part 3: Collaborative group data model Reaffirmed as INCITS/ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008 R2015INCITS/ISO/IEC 19778-3:20082010 PDF disc
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8、All rights reserved ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 1.1 Statement of scope1 1.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addressed1 1.3 Excluded subjects and aspects .1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Abbr
9、eviations and acronyms .2 5 Collaborative group Data Model.2 5.1 Data Model representation2 5.2 Collaborative group Data Model diagram .3 5.3 Collaborative group Data Model specification .3 5.4 Supplementing information for DMEs of the CG DM .8 5.4.1 AE CG_General 8 5.4.2 DE CG_Name8 5.4.3 DE CG_Des
10、cription8 5.4.4 AE CG_ID 8 5.4.5 DE CG_ID_source 9 5.4.6 DE CG_ID_value.9 5.4.7 AE CW_ID-Ref 9 5.4.8 DE CW_ID-Ref_source 10 5.4.9 DE CW_ID-Ref_value .10 5.4.10 AE CG_Roles10 5.4.11 DE CG_Roles_spec_source10 5.4.12 AE CG_Role11 5.4.13 DE CG_Role_name 11 5.4.14 AE CG_Role_holder.11 5.4.15 DE CG_Role_h
11、older_ID .11 5.4.16 DE CG_Participant_ID-Ref 11 5.4.17 DE CG_Role_holder_nickname11 6 Conformance11 Annex A (informative) Alphabetical list of terms .12 Bibliography 13 ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008(E) iv ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IE
12、C (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with p
13、articular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have e
14、stablished a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint te
15、chnical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO
16、 and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 19778-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training. ISO/IEC 19778 consists of the follow
17、ing parts, under the general title Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace: Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model Part 2: Collaborative environment data model Part 3: Collaborative group data model ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008(E) ISO/IEC
18、2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO/IEC 19778 provides Data Models for specifying collaborative workplaces and their components. ISO/IEC 19778-1 provides general information for all parts, and specifies a Data Model which, by reference, composes the Data Model instantiations of the two main c
19、omponents of a collaborative workplace: the collaborative environment and the collaborative group. ISO/IEC 19778-2 provides the Data Model for the collaborative environment and specifies information related to the service aspects of a collaborative workplace. This part of ISO/IEC 19778 provides the
20、Data Model for the collaborative group and specifies information related to the roles and the membership of a collaborative workplace. The main accomplishment of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 is to specify the composition of the roles which can be played by the participants of a collaborative group, to
21、 declare the intended role holders (positions for playing a particular role) for each role, and (at least during the life-span of the collaborative workplace) to assign participants to these role holders. The purpose of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 is: to provide a standardized way of defining and ins
22、tantiating, as an independent entity, the composition of a collaborative group in terms of roles and role holders (this is done by associating this composition with a collaborative group identifier unique within a particular domain or application context); to specify the membership requirements of a
23、 collaborative workplace for the purpose of set-up, employment, management, administration, and evaluation of its collaborative group. The detailed specification of the roles is not provided in this part of ISO/IEC 19778; however, it may be linked to the collaborative group Data Model instantiations
24、 by referring to “potential further specifications or standards“ that are not identified and possibly do not yet even exist. (One of the intentions of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 is to encourage adopters to develop and harmonize such specifications.) No reference to detailed specification of particip
25、ants is provided in this part of ISO/IEC 19778 as multiple-purpose user management provisions are currently already in place and will be used. Linkages to “potential further specifications or standards“ are constituted by employing a “source/value“ approach, where the value (e.g. the name of a role)
26、 is taken from a “source“, a specification or standard, which declares the names and specifies the details of roles. The “source“ itself is specified by reference, using a URL. The intention of this “source/value“ approach is to provide a simple method for linking developing specifications or standa
27、rds to the Data Model of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 without needing to identify them beforehand. This highly flexible method reflects the fact that ISO/IEC 19778-3 is a part of a multipart standard that represents prospective technology. Figure 1 illustrates how this is achieved. ISO/IEC 19778-3:200
28、8(E) vi ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedFigure 1 Composing roles, declaring role holders, and assigning participants in this part of ISO/IEC 19778 In this part of ISO/IEC 19778, “composing roles“ and “assigning participants to role holders“ are generally performed by specifying names of roles and id
29、entifiers of participants. Further information on these roles and participants may be specified in “potential further specifications or standards“ or in user management provisions which are not included in this part of ISO/IEC 19778. The adopters of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 may decide whether or n
30、ot to use such “potential further specifications or standards“ or provisions. If no “potential further specifications or standards“ or participant identification provisions are used, the names and properties of roles and the identifiers of participants need to be consistently known in the user commu
31、nity. This, however, also means that the interoperability of Data Model instantiations of this kind is limited to this “harmonized“ user community. It should be noted that, where no participants are assigned to the role holders, the respective collaborative group Data Model instantiation can be reus
32、ed as a template for setting up further collaborative groups of the same dedication. Also, due to the provision of role holder identifiers, anonymizing a collaborative group Data Model instantiation by removing the assigned participant identifiers does not affect the differentiation between role hol
33、ders. This is important in cases where role holders of the collaborative group Data Model instantiation are referenced by other data objects. Where the need for broader interoperability exists, external “specifications or standards“ are required. They would at least define a set of roles or a method
34、 for identifying participants and information on them, provide names for roles, and describe their properties. Of course, “specifications or standards“ for roles could be very simple and general. However, they could be highly sophisticated and detailed as well. Where a collaborative group Data Model
35、 instantiation makes use of such an external “specification or standard“ for roles, it references it and adopts the role names as shown in Figure 1. Using this first edition of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 provides utmost flexibility at the risk of a low level of interoperability. It allows adopters t
36、o experiment with diverse specifications for roles or methods for identifying participants and providing information on them. It is intended as a step towards broader harmonization of such specifications or provisions. This expected progress in harmonization will be reflected by future editions of t
37、his part of ISO/IEC 19778, while todays users can employ this first edition instantly. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 1Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 3: Collaborative group
38、 data model 1 Scope 1.1 Statement of scope This part of ISO/IEC 19778 specifies the Data Model for a collaborative group. The collaborative group Data Model composes roles which can be played by the participants of a collaborative group, declares the intended role holders (positions for playing a pa
39、rticular role) for each role, and (at least during the life-span of the collaborative workplace) assigns participants to these role holders. The role names may be used as references to roles specified in detail by further specifications or standards. Where no such specifications or standards are ava
40、ilable or identified, the provision of descriptions for human interpretation may support harmonized use of these names. Provided participant identifiers may be used as references to detailed participant information which may be specified in a provided user management system. NOTE There is a risk of
41、improper access and misuse of personal and private data facilitated by use of the collaborative group Data Model. It is the responsibility of the implementer to ensure proper use of any involved personal information. 1.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addressed In future editions of this part of
42、 ISO/IEC 19778, the identification of participant types referring to a harmonized or standardized participant typology may be provided. Such a provision would upgrade the value of anonymized collaborative group Data Model instantiations for being reused as templates. Currently, the collaborative gro
43、ups specified by this Data Model are static. Participants may not be online all the time; in a collaborative group, private discussions may occur; participants may leave the collaborative group during the life-state of the collaborative workplace. It is not yet clear to which degree such aspects can
44、 and should be addressed in future editions of this part of ISO/IEC 19778. 1.3 Excluded subjects and aspects Subjects and aspects not provided by this part of ISO/IEC 19778, but which it is anticipated will be provided by further specifications or standards include: the detailed specification of rol
45、es or role typologies in the context of learning, education and training (such specification is reserved for further specifications or standards; it may be specific for particular domains of applications in this field; such specifications are excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19778); methods for as
46、signing collaborative tools or collaborative functions of a collaborative workplace to participants in particular roles (such methods mean optimization for mapping capabilities and requirements of technical means to capabilities and preferences of participants; such methods are excluded from this pa
47、rt of ISO/IEC 19778); the detailed specification of participant information (such specification is reserved for further specifications or standards and is excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19778). ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved2 Normative references The following referen
48、ced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 10646:2003, Information technology Universal Multiple-Octet Co
49、ded Character Set (UCS) ISO/IEC 11404:2007, Information technology General-Purpose Datatypes (GPD) ISO/IEC 19778-1:2008, Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model ISO/IEC 24703:2004, Information technology Participant Identifiers 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO
