1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDNECA/EGSA 404-2014 Standard forInstalling Generator SetsPublished byNational Electrical Contractors AssociationJointly developed withElectrical Generating Systems AssociationStandard forInstalling Generator SetsNECA/EGSA 404-2014An AmericanNational StandardPublished byNa
2、tional Electrical Contractors AssociationJointly developed withElectrical GeneratingSystems AssociationNOTICE OF COPYRIGHTThis document is copyrighted by NECAReproduction of these documents either in hard copy or soft (including posting on the web) is prohibited without copyright permission. For cop
3、yright permission to reproduce portions of this document, please contact NECA Standards & Safety at (301) 215-4549, or send a fax to (301) 215-4500.ORNational Electrical Contractors Association 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 1100 Bethesda, Maryland 20814 (301) 657-3110Revision HistoryNECA/EGSA 404-2
4、000 05/2001NECA/EGSA 404-2007 04/2007NECA/EGSA 404-2014 04/2014i n1. ScopeForeword iii1. Scope 11.1 Products and Applications Included .11.2 Products and Applications Excluded 11.3 Regulatory and Other Requirements 12. Definitions 23. Safety Procedures 53.1 General 53.2 Generator Operation 53.3 Auto
5、matic Operation .63.4 Rotating Machinery73.5 Operating Temperatures 73.6 Electrical Shock Hazards 73.7 Generator Starting Batteries 83.8 Fuel Systems 93.9 Exhaust Gases .94. Delivery, Handling, and Storage . 114.1 Receiving 114.2 Handling 114.3 Storage 125. Lifting Generators . 135.1 Lifting Points
6、.135.2 Four-Point Lifting Method for Skid-Mounted Generators .135.3 Lifting Generators Equipped with Accessories 146. Generator Installation Procedures . 156.1 General 156.2 Locating Generators 156.3 Foundation and Mounting .176.5 Exhaust System 216.6 Ventilation and Combustion Air 226.7 Engine Cool
7、ant 236.8 Fuel Supply Systems .246.9 Generator Starting Batteries 27Table of Contentsn iiNECA/EGSA 404 Standard for Installing Generator Sets7. Energizing and Testing the Generator 287.1 Pre-Energizing Procedures.287.2 Starting the Engine for the First Time .307.3 Initial Performance Testing .317.4
8、Setting the Generator Exerciser .328. Final Procedures 338.1 Clean-up 338.2 Punchlist and Acceptance .338.3 Spare Parts .339. Service and Maintenance . 34Annex A: Reference Standards 35iii n1. ScopeNational Electrical Installation Standards(NEIS) are designed to improve communication among specifier
9、s, purchasers, and suppliers of electrical construction services. They define a minimum baseline of quality and workmanship for installing electrical products and systems. NEIS are intended to be referenced in contract documents for electrical construction projects. The following language is recomme
10、nded:Generator sets for on-site power generation shall be installed in accordance with NECA/EGSA 404-2014, Standard for Installing Generator Sets (ANSI).Use of NEIS is voluntary, and neither the National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA) nor the Electrical Generating Systems Association (EGS
11、A) assumes any obligation or liability to users of this publication. Existence of a standard shall not preclude any member or nonmember of NECA from specifying or using alternate construction methods permitted by applicable regulations.The installation and maintenance practices recommended by this p
12、ublication are intended to comply with the edition of the National Electrical Code (NEC) in effect at the time of publication. Because they are quality standards, NEIS may in some instances go beyond the minimum safety requirements of the NEC. It is the responsibility of users of this publication to
13、 comply with state and local electrical codes when installing electrical products and systems.Suggestions for revisions and improvements to this standard are welcome. They should be addressed to:NECA Standards & Safety 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 1100 Bethesda, MD 20814 (301) 215-4546 telephone (
14、301) 215-4500 fax www.neca-neis.org neisnecanet.orgTo purchase NEIS contact the NECA Order Desk at (301) 215-4504 tel, (301) 215-4500 fax, or orderdesknecanet.org. NEIS can also be purchased in .pdf format at www.neca-neis.org/standards.Copyright 2014, National Electrical Contractors Association. Al
15、l rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction prohibited.National Electrical Installation Standards and NEIS are trademarks of the National Electrical Contractors Association. National Electrical Code and NEC are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), Quincy, MA.For
16、eword(This foreword is not a part of the standard)1 n1. Scope1.1 Products and Applications IncludedThis standard describes installation procedures for generators and related accessories and systems that are permanently installed for on-site standby or emergency power generation that are typically fu
17、eled by natural gas or diesel. Such generators may be defined as “emergency systems” or “legally-required standby systems” intended to supply power for emergency or life-safety applications in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code.1.2 Products and Applications ExcludedThis standard does
18、not cover installation or maintenance procedures for:n Residential generators. See NECA 406, Standard for Installing and Maintaining Residential Generator Sets (ANSI). n Portable generators. Portable generators are typically supplied from the manufacturer with an inaccessible internal neutral-to-gro
19、und bonding jumper connected from the neutral point of the generator winding to the frame of the generator. GFCI protection required for portable generators is de-sensitized by multiple neutral-to-ground bonds, such as at service equipment and at a portable generator.n Generator maintenance. Generat
20、or service and maintenance must be performed in accordance with manufacturer instructions, and all service records must be retained along with all documentation of refueling, as required by applicable local, state and national environmental regulations.This standard does not cover general design con
21、siderations for onsite power systems.1.3 Regulatory and Other RequirementsAll information in this publication is intended to conform to the National Electrical Code (ANSI/NFPA Standard 70). Installers should always follow the NEC, applicable State and local codes, and manufacturers instructions when
22、 installing electrical equipment and systems.Only qualified persons as defined in the NEC familiar with the construction and installation of electrical power generation and distribution equipment and control systems should perform the technical work described in this publication. Administrative func
23、tions and other tasks can be performed under the supervision of a qualified person. All work should be performed in accordance with NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace.General requirements for installing electrical products and systems are described in NECA 1-2010, Standard Pra
24、ctices for Good Workmanship in Electrical Construction (ANSI). Other National Electrical Installation Standards provide additional guidance for installing particular types of electrical products and systems. A complete list of NEIS is provided in Annex A.n 21. ScopeAmbient Temperature The air temper
25、ature of the surroundings in which the generating system operates. This may be expressed in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit.Ampacity The maximum current, in amperes, that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.Approved Acceptable
26、 to the authority having jurisdiction.Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure. Automatic Performing a function without the neces
27、sity of human intervention.Automatic Synchronizer A device used to automatically control frequency, voltage magnitude, and phase angle of one power source to closely match the frequency, voltage magnitude, and phase angle of another source, such as when operating one or more generators in parallel w
28、ith the electric utility, or when operating two or more generators in parallel on a common bus.Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) An automatic device for transferring one or more load conductor connections from one power source to another. Transfer equipment should be designed and installed to prevent
29、the inadvertent interconnection of normal and on-site power sources of supply in any operation of the transfer equipment. Bonded (Bonding) Connected to establish electrical continuity and conductivity.Bonding Conductor or Jumper A reliable conductor to ensure the required electrical conductivity bet
30、ween metal parts required to be electrically connected.Building A structure that stands alone or that is cut off from adjoining structures by fire walls with all openings therein protected by approved fire doors.Continuous Load A load where the maximum current is expected to continue for 3 hours or
31、more.Disconnecting Means A device, or group of devices, or other means by which the conductors of a circuit can be disconnected from their source of supply.Emergency Systems Those systems legally required and classed as emergency by municipal, state, federal, or other codes, or by any governmental a
32、gency having jurisdiction. These systems are intended to automatically supply illumination, power, or both, to designated areas and equipment in the event of failure of the normal supply or in the event of accident to elements of a system intended to supply, distribute, and control power and illumin
33、ation essential for safety to human life. Generator A general name for a device for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy may be direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC). An AC generator may be called an alternator.Ground The earth.Grounded (Grounding) Con
34、nected (connecting) to ground or to a conductive body that extends the ground connection.2. Definitions3 nStandard for Installing Generator Sets NECA/EGSA 404Grounded Conductor A system or circuit conductor that is intentionally grounded.Grounding Conductor, Equipment (EGC) The conductive path(s) th
35、at provides a ground-fault current path and connects normally noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment together and to the system grounded conductor or to the grounding electrode conductor, or both. Grounding Electrode A conducting object through which a direct connection to earth is established
36、.Grounding Electrode Conductor A conductor used to connect the system grounded conductor or the equipment to a grounding electrode or to a point on the grounding electrode system.Identified (as applied to equipment) Recognizable as suitable for the specific purpose, function, use, environment, appli
37、cation, and so forth, where described in a particular Code requirement.Labeled Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains
38、 periodic inspection of production of labeled equipment or materials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner.Legally-Required Standby Systems Those systems required and so classed as legally required standby by muni
39、cipal, state, federal, or other codes or by any governmental agency having jurisdiction. These systems are intended to automatically supply power to selected loads (other than those classed as emergency systems) in the event of failure of the normal source. Listed Equipment, materials, or services i
40、ncluded in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states
41、 that either the equipment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.Neutral Conductor The conductor connected to the neutral point of a system that is intended to carry current under normal conditions.Neutral Point The
42、 common point on a wye-connection in a polyphase system or midpoint on a single-phase, 3-wire system, or midpoint of a single-phase portion of a 3-phase delta system, or a midpoint of a 3-wire, direct-current system. Non-Automatic Requiring human intervention to perform a function.On-Site Standby Ge
43、nerator A facility producing electric power on site as the alternate supply of electric power. It differs from an on-site power production facility, in that it is not constantly producing power. Optional Standby Systems Those systems intended to supply power to public or private facilities or proper
44、ty where life safety does not depend on the performance of the system. Optional standby systems are intended to supply on-site generated power to selected loads either automatically or manually. Qualified Person One who has skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of the electr
45、ical equipment and installations and has received safety training to recognize and avoid the hazards involved.Residential Generator A packaged assembly consisting of a prime-mover, typically a gasoline or gaseous-fuel internal combustion engine, a synchronous generator, and associated controls, desi
46、gned and constructed to provide a regulated AC electrical power output for the purpose of supplying power to electrical loads primarily for residential occupancies (single-family dwelling units). Residential generators are considered to be “optional standby power systems” in accordance with the NEC.
47、 Standard for Installing Generator Sets NECA/EGSA 404n 4NECA/EGSA 404 Standard for Installing Generator SetsRated Current (of a Generator) The value of current in RMS or DC amperes which a generator can continuously supply in normal service without exceeding the allowable temperature rises when deli
48、vering its rate real power output at nominal voltage and a specified power factor for three-phase systems (typically 80% power factor).Rated Power (of a Generator) The stated or guaranteed net electric output or real power expressed as kiloWatts that is obtainable continuously from a generator when
49、it is functioning at rated conditions. Separately Derived System A premises wiring system or portion of a premises wiring system other than a service. Power for such systems is derived from a source of electric energy or equipment with no direct connection from circuit conductors of one system to circuit conductors of another system, other than connections through the earth, grounding electrode(s), grounding electrode conductors, bonding jumpers used to connect grounding electrodes, equipment g
