1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDNECA 416-2016 Recommended Practice for InstallingEnergy Storage Systems (ESS)Published byNational Electrical Contractors AssociationTMNationalElectricalInstallationStandardsTheFiber OpticAssociationFOARecommended Practice forInstalling Energy Storage Systems (ESS)NECA 41
2、6-2016An AmericanNational StandardPublished byNational Electrical Contractors AssociationNOTICE OF COPYRIGHTThis document is copyrighted by NECAISBN: 978-1-944148-18-82016. Reproduction of these documents either in hard copy or soft (including posting on the web) is prohibited without copyright perm
3、ission. For copyright permission to reproduce portions of this document, please contact NECA Standards they cannot be totally de-energized. Any contact with a battery is considered work on energized electrical equipment requiring handling only by trained, qualified, and authorized personnel using ap
4、propriate personal protective equipment (PPE), tools and instruments. The greatest hazard is contact between the positive and negative poles of a battery especially at the system terminations. See IEEE 1657 for recommended practice for training and battery technical qualification.Inspect the seals o
5、f lead-acid batteries that have been shipped dry and charged when they are received at the site. Renew any damaged seals in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Filling with electrolyte and formation charging at site shall only be performed by persons who are trained and certified for the
6、 task and in accordance with the battery manufacturers instructions. Take special care to prevent contamination of the electrolyte.Other battery types may have non-aqueous electrolyte solutions, e.g. lithium-ion cells are typically hermetically sealed with the electrolyte absorbed within the cell ma
7、terial, and should not require handling of the electrolytes on site.4.2 HandlingESS may contain large, bulky components weighing several thousand pounds or more. Refer to the packing list for the actual weight of each item. Handle ESS equipment and components in accordance with manufacturers instruc
8、tions to avoid injury to personnel and damage to equipment. Verify that the lifting capacity of the handling equipment is more than the weight to be moved, and that the handling equipment is compatible with the type of truck making the delivery. Provide suitable protection against the weather for eq
9、uipment designed for indoor installation (NEMA Type 1).For handling using a crane, ensure that the lifting eyebolts are in line with the lifting direction of the slings, and that the lifting hooks are completely engaged in the eyebolts before lifting. Use manufacturer recommended hooks, slings, and
10、spacers to prevent overstressing cabinets and enclosures during lifting. Arrange slings to distribute the lifting forces equally between eyebolts. Use slings or cables of the same length, and observe the manufacturers recommended lifting angles. Ensure that forklift forks extend completely beneath p
11、allets or equipment when handling with a forklift.Handle ESS equipment and components carefully. To ensure safe handling, avoid: Damage to instrument panels, which may contain delicate instruments, meters, switches, and controls. Impact, jolting, jarring, or rough handling. Use of a hammer or simila
12、r tool when unpacking equipment and components. Sudden starts and stops during handling.Whenever possible, deliver ESS equipment and components to the final installation location upon delivery. When equipment or components are stored in other than the final installation location, coordinate staging
13、to minimize handling.4.3 StorageStore ESS equipment and components indoors in a clean, warm, dry, well-ventilated room with a moderate temperature ranging between 4C and 38C (40F and 100F). NOTE: Batteries have a more restrictive requirement for temperature during storage than other ESS equipment an
14、d components. See Section 4.3.1. Store in a monitored and/or secured area to discourage vandalism and theft, and out of the way of construction traffic.Protect ESS components and equipment from rain, snow, dirt, and dust, until final assembly is completed. Also, protect from corrosive gases or fumes
15、, dust, foreign objects, and rodents. NOTE: Moisture in combination with cement dust is very corrosive to electrical components.The section below deals mainly with lead-acid battery types. Other battery types may have unique requirements for storage. For example, n 12NECA 416 Recommended Practice fo
16、r Installing Energy Storage Systems (ESS)certain Lithium-Ion types have short vs. long term requirements. It is important that for other battery technologies the manufacturers specific guidelines should be followed.4.3.1 Storage of BatteriesStore batteries indoors, in a clean, dry, well-ventilated a
17、nd weatherproof location with a sustained temperature between 4C and 25C (40F and 77F). Aqueous (water based) electrolyte batteries such as lead acid electrolyte will not freeze if the battery is charged. The electrolyte of a lead-acid battery will freeze at extremely low temperatures if the battery
18、 is fully discharged. Be sure to store batteries in accordance with the battery manufacturers instructions.Inspect electrolyte levels of lead-acid cells that have been shipped with internal liquid electrolyte when batteries are received at the site. If the electrolyte level is at or below the Minimu
19、m (Min) line, add water until the electrolyte level is at or slightly below the Maximum (Max) water fill line, but do not exceed the Maximum (Max) fill line indicated on the cell container.Store dry-charged batteries in a ventilated, weatherproof, cool, dry building. Inspect thermoplastic jars for c
20、racks or damage. Do not remove the plastic film vent seals until the cells are filled with electrolyte and prepared for installation. Consult the manufacturer when storing dry-charged batteries for longer than 12 months.Give batteries a refreshing charge as required in accordance with the battery ma
21、nufacturers instructions based upon the length of time and temperature conditions of the facility where the batteries have been placed in storage. Restore batteries to manufacturers recommended voltage and specific gravity in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Do not exceed the manufact
22、urers recommended charging rate.Store other types of batteries and recharge as necessary in accordance with the battery manufacturers instructions.Prior to installation, inspect the electrolyte level of vented lead-acid batteries. If the electrolyte level is below the “add water” marks on the batter
23、y container, add water until the water level is even with the upper mark. If the tops of battery plates are exposed, do not place the battery into service. The normal gases generated during battery charging may restore the electrolyte specific gravity to normal levels. If the electrolyte does not re
24、ach acceptable levels, contact the manufacturer for recommendations. If electrolyte is found on the top of battery units or on the battery unit terminals, clean immediately with a neutralizing solution, but do not use any chemical solution that will harm the container. Consult the manufacturer befor
25、e using any agent other than water or soda and water when cleaning the container or jar cover. Do not allow the cleaning solution to enter the battery.13 n5.1 GeneralInstall ESS equipment, components, accessories, and ancillary equipment in accordance with contract documents, the NEC, and manufactur
26、ers installation drawings and wiring diagrams to include overall dimensions, front view, and sectional view, typical installation and module arrangement, raceway entry, and ventilation and exhaust systems.Locate ESS equipment and components to minimize the possibility of damage from flooding, includ
27、ing flooding resulting from fire fighting, sewer backup, and similar occurrences. Do not install battery systems near any sources of water, direct heat or cooling on cells within a string such as HVAC ducting, direct sunlight, or other hot/cold sources that could cause cells within a string to great
28、ly differ in temperature.Locate equipment to allow ready accessibility and adequate working space for inspection, repair, maintenance, cleaning, or replacement. Guard live parts in accordance with NEC Article 110.Verify that a separate emergency lighting system is provided if no other emergency ligh
29、ting is present.Provide working space in accordance with the equipment manufacturers instructions between the highest point on a storage system component and the row, shelf, or ceiling above that point. Additionally, top rows of batteries in multiple-tier installations typically operate at slightly
30、higher operating temperatures than those on lower tiers. Ensure adequate ceiling clearance for ventilation. NOTE: The installation instructions of the system component manufacturer typically define how much top working space is necessary for a particular system component. Also, see IEEE 1187 for gui
31、delines regarding VRLA cell clearances and installation practices; IEEE 450 for VLA cells, IEEE 1106 for Ni-Cd cells, IEEE 1679.1 for Lithium cell, IEEE 1679.2 for Sodium cells and IEEE 1635 for Ventilation guidelines. (At the time of this publication, IEEE 1679.1 and IEEE 1679.2 are WG documents be
32、ing prepared for ballot and release.)Avoid installing ESS equipment and components in locations where corrosive gases are generated, or in locations exposed to dust or dirt.5.1.1 Battery SystemsBattery systems are permitted to be installed in computer rooms, data centers, laboratories, offices, indu
33、strial environments, switchgear rooms or other electrical service rooms or other locations provided that the manufacturers environmental specifications and local fire and building codes are met.Vented battery cells must be equipped with a flame arrester. NOTE: A flame arrester is designed to prevent
34、 destruction of the cell due to ignition of gases within the cell by an external spark or flame under normal operating conditions.Locate storage batteries as close as practical to loads and supply equipment. Ensure that cables are sized to limit voltage drop to specified levels in accordance with lo
35、ad requirements and manufacturers recommendations.5.2 HVAC RequirementsCheck that ESS are located in an area provided with sufficient heating and cooling to ensure that, both during the time that normal power is available and during an emergency, the equipment is operated within the manufacturers am
36、bient temperature specifications. Verify that anti-condensation measures for HVAC systems take both normal and 5. Site Preparationn 14NECA 416 Recommended Practice for Installing Energy Storage Systems (ESS)abnormal conditions of ambient temperature and humidity into consideration.Verify that ventil
37、ation openings are clear and that HVAC equipment and controls are operational. NOTE: When a minimum quantity of airflow is specified on contract documents, measure the volume of airflow to verify that it meets minimum requirements, keeping in mind that the design of an ESS ventilation system is the
38、responsibility of the design engineer.5.3 Seismic ConsiderationsNOTE: The design requirements for an Energy Storage System (ESS) should be completed by a qualified engineer and is beyond the scope of this Recommended Practice. This Recommended Practice includes requirements for verifying that, when
39、specified in contract documents or required by equipment manufacturers, suitable equipment and hardware is installed, and equipment and cables are properly braced for the anticipated seismic shock.Verify that ESS equipment and components are properly labeled for the anticipated seismic shock in reco
40、gnized seismic areas in accordance with local codes.Brace cables or provide adequate slack for electrical connections to accommodate all relative deflections to limit the chance of breaking cables or cable connections.Install bolts, anchors, hangers, braces, and other restraining devices as required
41、 to limit earthquake-generated differential movements between the ESS equipment and the building structure.When required and as called out on the installation drawings, brace suspended items, such as piping, raceway, ducts, and other auxiliary equipment related to ESS to resist swaying and excessive
42、 movement in earthquake-prone areas.15 n6. General Installation Requirements6.1 Setting Equipment in PlaceSet equipment, cabinets, and components in place using manufacturer recommended procedures. Handle equipment and components in accordance with manufacturers instructions and in accordance with S
43、ection 4.2. Use manufacturer recommended bolts, fasteners, and anchors to meet required seismic requirements.Provide a clean, level surface, for mounting ESS that is free of obstructions, such as level, sealed concrete pads or floors, on appropriate support stands, or on raised accessible floor syst
44、ems. Check concrete pads for proper size and flatness. The pad should be sized to accommodate the equipment, cabinets, or racks and any external mounting brackets, and should extend beyond the edge of the equipment an adequate amount to prevent the pad from cracking or breaking when anchor bolts are
45、 installed. The pad should have a maximum pitch of one-half degree and should have a flatness of within 6 mm (one-quarter inch).Use manufacturer-recommended hardware and fasteners to anchor equipment to the mounting surface. Use a manufacturer-provided template, or make a template to locate fastener
46、 locations on the mounting surface. Fasten the template to the mounting surface, and mark the locations of anchor holes on the mounting surface, or drill small pilot holes for anchors. Remove the template, and drill properly sized holes to the appropriate depth for the anchors. Insert anchors as nee
47、ded and set equipment in place.Remove equipment and cabinets from wooden pallets by raising the equipment or cabinet with a forklift or pallet jack and removing the hardware used to secure the equipment or cabinet to the pallet. Raise the equipment or cabinet until the bottom clears the pallet, and
48、pull the pallet from under the cabinet. Discard or recycle wooden pallets in a responsible manner. Carefully lower the equipment or cabinet until the base touches the mounting surface.Set the most restrictive equipment or cabinet in place first. Set the adjacent equipment or cabinet in place next. B
49、olt equipment and cabinets together loosely until all are in place. Check that equipment and cabinets are correctly fitted and tighten connections in accordance with manufacturer recommendations.Align equipment, cabinets, and racks to the anchor locations, and bolt to the mounting surface using manufacturer recommended materials and methods. Level equipment, cabinets and racks in accordance with manufacturers instructions. Once level, tighten anchoring hardware to manufacturer-recommended torque levels.n 167. Electrical Installation Requirements7.1
